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The-starting-of-an-iOS-app.md

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Steps:

  • you have to prepare environment for iOS. Details are provided here

  • it needs to launch the appium server. You can launch Appium desktop application. If you use the server installed via npm then

    $ node the_path_to_js_file --arg1 value1 --arg2 value2 It is not necessary to use arguments. The list of arguments

The starting of an app

It looks like creation of a common RemoteWebDriver instance.

Common capabilities

iOS-specific capabilities

Common capabilities provided by Java client

iOS-specific capabilities provided by Java client

import java.io.File;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;
import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;
import java.net.URL;

...
File app  = new File("The absolute or relative path to an *.app, *.zip or ipa file");
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, "iPhone Simulator");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_VERSION, "The_target_version");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME, MobilePlatform.IOS);
//The_target_version is the supported iOS version, e.g. 8.1, 8.2, 9.2 etc
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APP, app.getAbsolutePath());
//you are free to set additional capabilities 
AppiumDriver<MobileElement> driver = new AppiumDriver<>(
new URL("http://target_ip:used_port/wd/hub"), //if it needs to use locally started server
//then the target_ip is 127.0.0.1 or 0.0.0.0
//the default port is 4723
capabilities);

or

import java.io.File;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver;
import io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver;
import io.appium.java_client.MobileElement;
import java.net.URL;

...
File app  = new File("The absolute or relative path to an *.app, *.zip or ipa file");
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, "iPhone Simulator");
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_VERSION, "The_target_version");
//The_target_version is the supported iOS version, e.g. 8.1, 8.2, 9.2 etc
capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APP, app.getAbsolutePath());
//you are free to set additional capabilities 
AppiumDriver<MobileElement> driver = new IOSDriver<>(
new URL("http://target_ip:used_port/wd/hub"), //if it needs to use locally started server
//then the target_ip is 127.0.0.1 or 0.0.0.0
//the default port is 4723
capabilities);

If it needs to start browser then

capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.BROWSER_NAME, MobileBrowserType.SAFARI);

There are two automation types

Default iOS Automation (v < iOS 10.x) does not require any specific capability. However you can

capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.AUTOMATION_NAME, AutomationName.APPIUM);

You have to define this automation type to be able to use XCUIT mode for new iOS versions (v > 10.x)

capabilities.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.AUTOMATION_NAME, AutomationName.IOS_XCUI_TEST);

Possible cases

You can use io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver and io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSDriver as well. The main difference is that IOSDriver implements all API that describes interaction with iOS native/hybrid app. AppiumDriver allows to use iOS-specific API eventually.

Samples of the searching by iOSNsPredicateString using io.appium.java_client.AppiumDriver

import io.appium.java_client.FindsByIosNSPredicate;
import io.appium.java_client.ios.IOSElement;

...

FindsByIosNSPredicate<IOSElement> findsByIosNSPredicate = new FindsByIosNSPredicate<IOSElement>() {
    @Override
    public IOSElement findElement(String by, String using) {
        return driver.findElement(by, using);
    }

    @Override
    public List<IOSElement> findElements(String by, String using) {
        return driver.findElements(by, using);
    }
};
        
findsByIosNSPredicate.findElementByIosNsPredicate("some predicate");
driver.findElement(MobileBy.iOSNsPredicateString("some predicate"));

All that IOSDriver can do by design.