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docs/cpp/keywords-cpp.md

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---
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title: "Keywords (C++) | Microsoft Docs"
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ms.custom: "index-page"
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ms.date: "11/04/2016"
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ms.date: "09/18/2018"
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ms.technology: ["cpp-language"]
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ms.topic: "language-reference"
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dev_langs: ["C++"]
@@ -17,56 +17,46 @@ Keywords are predefined reserved identifiers that have special meanings. They ca
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|-|-|-|
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|[__abstract](../dotnet/declaration-of-a-managed-class-type.md) <sup>2</sup>|[__alignof Operator](../cpp/alignof-operator.md)|[__asm](../assembler/inline/asm.md)|
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|[__assume](../intrinsics/assume.md)|[__based](../cpp/based-pointers-cpp.md)|[__box](../dotnet/value-type-semantics.md) <sup>2</sup>|
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|[__cdecl](../cpp/cdecl.md)|[__declspec](../cpp/declspec.md)|[__delegate](../dotnet/delegates-and-events.md) <sup>2</sup>|
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|[__event](../cpp/event.md)|[__except](../cpp/try-except-statement.md)|[__fastcall](../cpp/fastcall.md)|
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|[__finally](../cpp/try-finally-statement.md)|[__forceinline](../cpp/inline-functions-cpp.md)|[__gc](../dotnet/declaration-of-a-clr-reference-class-object.md) <sup>2</sup>|
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|[__hook](../cpp/hook.md) <sup>3</sup>|[__identifier](../windows/identifier-cpp-cli.md)|[__if_exists](../cpp/if-exists-statement.md)|
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|[__if_not_exists](../cpp/if-not-exists-statement.md)|[__inline](inline-functions-cpp.md)|[__int16](../cpp/int8-int16-int32-int64.md)|
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|[__int32](../cpp/int8-int16-int32-int64.md)|[__int64](../cpp/int8-int16-int32-int64.md)|[__int8](../cpp/int8-int16-int32-int64.md)|
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|[__interface](../cpp/interface.md)|[__leave](../cpp/try-finally-statement.md)|[__m128](../cpp/m128.md)|
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|[__m128d](../cpp/m128d.md)|[__m128i](../cpp/m128i.md)|[__m64](../cpp/m64.md)|
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|[__multiple_inheritance](../cpp/inheritance-keywords.md)|[__nogc](../dotnet/declaration-of-a-clr-reference-class-object.md) <sup>2</sup>|[__noop](../intrinsics/noop.md)|
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|**__pin** <sup>2</sup>|**__property** <sup>2</sup>|[__raise](../cpp/raise.md)|
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|**__sealed** <sup>2</sup>|[__single_inheritance](../cpp/inheritance-keywords.md)|[__stdcall](../cpp/stdcall.md)|
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|[__super](../cpp/super.md)|[__thiscall](../cpp/thiscall.md)|[__try/\__except](../cpp/try-except-statement.md), [__try/\__finally](../cpp/try-finally-statement.md)|
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|[__try_cast](../dotnet/cast-notation-and-introduction-of-safe-cast-angles.md) <sup>2</sup>|[__unaligned](../cpp/unaligned.md)|[__unhook](../cpp/unhook.md) <sup>3</sup>|
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|[__uuidof](../cpp/uuidof-operator.md)|[__value](../dotnet/value-type-semantics.md) <sup>2</sup>|[__virtual_inheritance](../cpp/inheritance-keywords.md)|
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|[__w64](../cpp/w64.md)|[__wchar_t, wchar_t](../cpp/fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[abstract](../windows/abstract-cpp-component-extensions.md)|
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|[array](../windows/arrays-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[auto](../cpp/auto-keyword.md)|[bool](../cpp/bool-cpp.md)|
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|[break](../cpp/break-statement-cpp.md)|[case](../cpp/switch-statement-cpp.md)|[catch](../cpp/try-throw-and-catch-statements-cpp.md)|
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|[char](../cpp/fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[class](../cpp/class-cpp.md)|[const](../cpp/const-cpp.md)|
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|[const_cast](../cpp/const-cast-operator.md)|[continue](../cpp/continue-statement-cpp.md)|[decltype](../cpp/decltype-cpp.md)|
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|[default](../cpp/switch-statement-cpp.md)|[delegate](../windows/delegate-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[delete](../cpp/delete-operator-cpp.md)|
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|[deprecated](../cpp/deprecated-cpp.md) <sup>1</sup>|[dllexport](../cpp/dllexport-dllimport.md) <sup>1</sup>|[dllimport](../cpp/dllexport-dllimport.md) <sup>1</sup>|
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|[do](../cpp/do-while-statement-cpp.md)|[double](../cpp/fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[dynamic_cast](../cpp/dynamic-cast-operator.md)|
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|[else](../cpp/if-else-statement-cpp.md)|[enum](../cpp/enumerations-cpp.md)|[enum class](../windows/enum-class-cpp-component-extensions.md)|
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|[enum struct](../windows/enum-class-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[event](../windows/event-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[explicit](../cpp/user-defined-type-conversions-cpp.md)|
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|[extern](../cpp/using-extern-to-specify-linkage.md)|[false](../cpp/false-cpp.md)|[finally](../dotnet/finally.md)|
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|[float](../cpp/fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[for](../cpp/for-statement-cpp.md)|[for each, in](../dotnet/for-each-in.md)|
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|[friend](../cpp/friend-cpp.md)|[friend_as](../preprocessor/hash-using-directive-cpp.md)|[gcnew](../windows/ref-new-gcnew-cpp-component-extensions.md)|
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|[generic](../windows/generics-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[goto](../cpp/goto-statement-cpp.md)|[if](../cpp/if-else-statement-cpp.md)|
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|[initonly](../dotnet/initonly-cpp-cli.md)|[inline](../cpp/inline-functions-cpp.md)|[int](../cpp/fundamental-types-cpp.md)|
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|[interface class](../windows/interface-class-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[interface struct](../windows/interface-class-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[interior_ptr](../windows/interior-ptr-cpp-cli.md)|
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|[literal](../windows/literal-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[long](../cpp/fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[mutable](../cpp/mutable-data-members-cpp.md)|
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|[naked](../cpp/naked-cpp.md) <sup>1</sup>|[namespace](namespaces-cpp.md)|[new](../windows/new-new-slot-in-vtable-cpp-component-extensions.md)|
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|[new](../cpp/new-operator-cpp.md)|[noinline](../cpp/noinline.md) <sup>1</sup>|[noreturn](../cpp/noreturn.md) <sup>1</sup>|
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|[nothrow](../cpp/nothrow-cpp.md) <sup>1</sup>|[novtable](../cpp/novtable.md) <sup>1</sup>|[nullptr](../cpp/nullptr.md)|
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|[operator](../cpp/operator-overloading.md)|[private](../cpp/private-cpp.md)|[property](../windows/property-cpp-component-extensions.md)|
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|[property](../cpp/property-cpp.md) <sup>1</sup>|[protected](../cpp/protected-cpp.md)|[public](../cpp/public-cpp.md)|
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|[ref class](../windows/classes-and-structs-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[ref struct](../windows/classes-and-structs-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[register](../cpp/storage-classes-cpp.md#register)|
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|[reinterpret_cast](../cpp/reinterpret-cast-operator.md)|[return](../cpp/return-statement-cpp.md)|[safecast](../windows/safe-cast-cpp-component-extensions.md)|
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|[sealed](../windows/sealed-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[selectany](../cpp/selectany.md) <sup>1</sup>|[short](../cpp/fundamental-types-cpp.md)|
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|[signed](../cpp/fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[sizeof](../cpp/sizeof-operator.md)|[static](storage-classes-cpp.md)|
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|[static_assert](../cpp/static-assert.md)|[static_cast](../cpp/static-cast-operator.md)|[struct](../cpp/struct-cpp.md)|
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|[switch](../cpp/switch-statement-cpp.md)|[template](templates-cpp.md)|[this](../cpp/this-pointer.md)|
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|[thread](../cpp/thread.md) <sup>1</sup>|[throw](../cpp/try-throw-and-catch-statements-cpp.md)|[true](../cpp/true-cpp.md)|
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|[try](../cpp/try-throw-and-catch-statements-cpp.md)|[typedef](aliases-and-typedefs-cpp.md)|[typeid](../cpp/typeid-operator.md)|
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|[typeid](../windows/typeid-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[typename](../cpp/typename.md)|[union](../cpp/unions.md)|
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|[unsigned](../cpp/fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[using](../cpp/using-declaration.md) declaration, [using](namespaces-cpp.md#using_directives) directive|[uuid](../cpp/uuid-cpp.md) <sup>1</sup>|
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|[value class](../windows/classes-and-structs-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[value struct](../windows/classes-and-structs-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[virtual](../cpp/virtual-cpp.md)|
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|[void](../cpp/void-cpp.md)|[volatile](../cpp/volatile-cpp.md)|[while](../cpp/while-statement-cpp.md)|
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|[__abstract](../dotnet/declaration-of-a-managed-class-type.md) <sup>2</sup>|[__alignof Operator](alignof-operator.md)|[__asm](../assembler/inline/asm.md)|[__assume](../intrinsics/assume.md)|
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|[__based](based-pointers-cpp.md)|[__box](../dotnet/value-type-semantics.md) <sup>2</sup>|[__cdecl](cdecl.md)|[__declspec](declspec.md)|
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|[__delegate](../dotnet/delegates-and-events.md) <sup>2</sup>|[__event](event.md)|[__except](try-except-statement.md)|[__fastcall](fastcall.md)|
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|[__finally](try-finally-statement.md)|[__forceinline](inline-functions-cpp.md)|[__gc](../dotnet/declaration-of-a-clr-reference-class-object.md) <sup>2</sup>|[__hook](hook.md) <sup>3</sup>|
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|[__identifier](../windows/identifier-cpp-cli.md)|[__if_exists](if-exists-statement.md)|[__if_not_exists](if-not-exists-statement.md)|[__inline](inline-functions-cpp.md)|
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|[__int16](int8-int16-int32-int64.md)|[__int32](int8-int16-int32-int64.md)|[__int64](int8-int16-int32-int64.md)|[__int8](int8-int16-int32-int64.md)|
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|[__interface](interface.md)|[__leave](try-finally-statement.md)|[__m128](m128.md)|[__m128d](m128d.md)|
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|[__m128i](m128i.md)|[__m64](m64.md)|[__multiple_inheritance](inheritance-keywords.md)|[__nogc](../dotnet/declaration-of-a-clr-reference-class-object.md) <sup>2</sup>|
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|[__noop](../intrinsics/noop.md)|**__pin** <sup>2</sup>|**__property** <sup>2</sup>|[__raise](raise.md)|**__sealed** <sup>2</sup>|[__single_inheritance](inheritance-keywords.md)|[__stdcall](stdcall.md)|[__super](super.md)|
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|[__thiscall](thiscall.md)|[__try/\__except](try-except-statement.md)| [__try/\__finally](try-finally-statement.md)|[__try_cast](../dotnet/cast-notation-and-introduction-of-safe-cast-angles.md) <sup>2</sup>|
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|[__unaligned](unaligned.md)|[__unhook](unhook.md) <sup>3</sup>|[__uuidof](uuidof-operator.md)|[__value](../dotnet/value-type-semantics.md) <sup>2</sup>|
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|[__virtual_inheritance](inheritance-keywords.md)|[__w64](w64.md)|[__wchar_t](fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[abstract](../windows/abstract-cpp-component-extensions.md)|
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|[alignas](align-cpp.md)|[array](../windows/arrays-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[auto](auto-keyword.md)|[bool](bool-cpp.md)|
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|[break](break-statement-cpp.md)|[case](switch-statement-cpp.md)|[catch](try-throw-and-catch-statements-cpp.md)|[char](fundamental-types-cpp.md)|
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|[char16_t](char-wchar-t-char16-t-char32-t.md)|[char32_t](char-wchar-t-char16-t-char32-t.md)|[class](class-cpp.md)|[const](const-cpp.md)|
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|[const_cast](const-cast-operator.md)|[constexpr](constexpr-cpp.md)|[continue](continue-statement-cpp.md)|[decltype](decltype-cpp.md)|
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|[default](switch-statement-cpp.md)|[delegate](../windows/delegate-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[delete](delete-operator-cpp.md)|[deprecated](deprecated-cpp.md) <sup>1</sup>|
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|[dllexport](dllexport-dllimport.md) <sup>1</sup>|[dllimport](dllexport-dllimport.md) <sup>1</sup>|[do](do-while-statement-cpp.md)|[double](fundamental-types-cpp.md)|
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|[dynamic_cast](dynamic-cast-operator.md)|[else](if-else-statement-cpp.md)|[enum](enumerations-cpp.md)|[enum class](../windows/enum-class-cpp-component-extensions.md)|
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|[enum struct](../windows/enum-class-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[event](../windows/event-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[explicit](user-defined-type-conversions-cpp.md)|[extern](using-extern-to-specify-linkage.md)|
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|[false](false-cpp.md)|[finally](../dotnet/finally.md)|[float](fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[for](for-statement-cpp.md)|
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|[for each in](../dotnet/for-each-in.md)|[friend](friend-cpp.md)|[friend_as](../preprocessor/hash-using-directive-cpp.md)|
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|[gcnew](../windows/ref-new-gcnew-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[generic](../windows/generics-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[goto](goto-statement-cpp.md)|[if](if-else-statement-cpp.md)|
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|[initonly](../dotnet/initonly-cpp-cli.md)|[inline](inline-functions-cpp.md)|[int](fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[interface class](../windows/interface-class-cpp-component-extensions.md)|
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|[interface struct](../windows/interface-class-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[interior_ptr](../windows/interior-ptr-cpp-cli.md)|[literal](../windows/literal-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[long](fundamental-types-cpp.md)|
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|[mutable](mutable-data-members-cpp.md)|[naked](naked-cpp.md) <sup>1</sup>|[namespace](namespaces-cpp.md)|[new](../windows/new-new-slot-in-vtable-cpp-component-extensions.md)|
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|[new](new-operator-cpp.md)|[noexcept](noexcept-cpp.md)|[noinline](noinline.md) <sup>1</sup>|[noreturn](noreturn.md) <sup>1</sup>|
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|[nothrow](nothrow-cpp.md) <sup>1</sup>|[novtable](novtable.md) <sup>1</sup>|[nullptr](nullptr.md)|[operator](operator-overloading.md)|
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|[private](private-cpp.md)|[property](../windows/property-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[property](property-cpp.md) <sup>1</sup>|[protected](protected-cpp.md)|
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|[public](public-cpp.md)|[ref class](../windows/classes-and-structs-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[ref struct](../windows/classes-and-structs-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[register](storage-classes-cpp.md#register)|
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|[reinterpret_cast](reinterpret-cast-operator.md)|[return](return-statement-cpp.md)|[safecast](../windows/safe-cast-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[sealed](../windows/sealed-cpp-component-extensions.md)|
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|[selectany](selectany.md) <sup>1</sup>|[short](fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[signed](fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[sizeof](sizeof-operator.md)|
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|[static](storage-classes-cpp.md)|[static_assert](static-assert.md)|[static_cast](static-cast-operator.md)|[struct](struct-cpp.md)|
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|[switch](switch-statement-cpp.md)|[template](templates-cpp.md)|[this](this-pointer.md)|[thread](thread.md) <sup>1</sup>|
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|[throw](try-throw-and-catch-statements-cpp.md)|[true](true-cpp.md)|[try](try-throw-and-catch-statements-cpp.md)|[typedef](aliases-and-typedefs-cpp.md)|
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|[typeid](typeid-operator.md)|[typeid](../windows/typeid-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[typename](typename.md)|[union](unions.md)|
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|[unsigned](fundamental-types-cpp.md)|[using](using-declaration.md) declaration|[using](namespaces-cpp.md#using_directives) directive|
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|[uuid](uuid-cpp.md) <sup>1</sup>|[value class](../windows/classes-and-structs-cpp-component-extensions.md)|[value struct](../windows/classes-and-structs-cpp-component-extensions.md)|
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|[virtual](virtual-cpp.md)|[void](void-cpp.md)|[volatile](volatile-cpp.md)|
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|[while](while-statement-cpp.md)|
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1 Extended attributes for the **__declspec** keyword.
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