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The limits for integer types are listed in the following table. These limits are defined in the standard header file LIMITS.H. Microsoft C also permits the declaration of sized integer variables, which are integral types of size 8-, 16-, or 32-bits. For more information on sized integers, see [Sized Integer Types](../c-language/c-sized-integer-types.md).
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The limits for integer types in C and C++ are listed in the following table. These limits are defined in the C standard header file `<limits.h>`. The C++ Standard Library header `<limits>` includes `<climits>`, which includes `<limits.h>`.
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Microsoft C also permits the declaration of sized integer variables, which are integral types of size 8-, 16-, 32- or 64-bits. For more information on sized integers in C, see [Sized Integer Types](../c-language/c-sized-integer-types.md).
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## Limits on Integer Constants
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|**LONG_MIN**|Minimum value for a variable of type **long**.|-2147483647 - 1|
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|**LONG_MAX**|Maximum value for a variable of type **long**.|2147483647|
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|**ULONG_MAX**|Maximum value for a variable of type **unsigned long**.|4294967295 (0xffffffff)|
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|**LLONG_MIN**|Minimum value for a variable of type **long long**.|-9,223,372,036,854,775,807 - 1|
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|**LLONG_MAX**|Maximum value for a variable of type **long long**.|9,223,372,036,854,775,807|
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|**ULLONG_MAX**|Maximum value for a variable of type **unsigned long long**.|18,446,744,073,709,551,615 (0xffffffffffffffff)|
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If a value exceeds the largest integer representation, the Microsoft compiler generates an error.
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-[Punctuation and special characters](../c-language/punctuation-and-special-characters.md)
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The section also includes reference tables for [Trigraphs](../c-language/trigraphs.md), [Limits on Floating-Point Constants](../c-language/limits-on-floating-point-constants.md), [C++ Integer Limits](../c-language/cpp-integer-limits.md), and [Escape Sequences](../c-language/escape-sequences.md).
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The section also includes reference tables for [Trigraphs](../c-language/trigraphs.md), [Limits on Floating-Point Constants](../c-language/limits-on-floating-point-constants.md), [C and C++ Integer Limits](../c-language/cpp-integer-limits.md), and [Escape Sequences](../c-language/escape-sequences.md).
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Operators are symbols (both single characters and character combinations) that specify how values are to be manipulated. Each symbol is interpreted as a single unit, called a token. For more information, see [Operators](../c-language/c-operators.md).
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**Microsoft Specific**
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Signed integers are represented in two's-complement form. The most-significant bit holds the sign: 1 for negative, 0 for positive and zero. The range of values is given in [C++ Integer Limits](../c-language/cpp-integer-limits.md), which is taken from the LIMITS.H header file.
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Signed integers are represented in two's-complement form. The most-significant bit holds the sign: 1 for negative, 0 for positive and zero. The range of values is given in [C and C++ Integer Limits](../c-language/cpp-integer-limits.md), which is taken from the LIMITS.H header file.
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