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2017-06-21 增加 Maven 搭配 IntelliJ IDEA 的使用技巧
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‎README.md

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- [21. 插件相关功能](plugins-settings.md)
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- [22. Eclipse 的 Java Web 项目环境搭建](eclipse-java-web-project-introduce.md)
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- [23. Maven 结构项目搭建](maven-project-introduce.md)
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- [24. Maven 的单模块 / 多模块之 Spring MVC + Spring + Mybatis 项目讲解（重点）](maven-java-web-project-introduce.md)
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- [25. Maven 的单模块之 Spring MVC + Spring + Spring Data JPA 项目（基于 IntelliJ IDEA）](maven-java-web-project-introduce2.md)
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- [26. Debug 技巧](debug-introduce.md)
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- [27. 重构技巧](refactor-introduce.md)
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- [28. 数据库管理工具](database-introduce.md)
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- [29. IntelliJ IDEA 常用细节设置-1](settings-introduce-1.md)
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- [30. IntelliJ IDEA 常用细节设置-2](settings-introduce-2.md)
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- [31. IntelliJ IDEA 常用细节设置-3](settings-introduce-3.md)
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- [32. IntelliJ IDEA 常用细节设置-4](settings-introduce-4.md)
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- [33. IntelliJ IDEA 常用快捷键讲解（Win + Linux）（新用户必看）](keymap-introduce.md)
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- [34. IntelliJ IDEA 常用快捷键讲解（Mac）（新用户必看）](keymap-mac-introduce.md)
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- [35. 从 Windows 过度到 Mac 必备快捷键对照表（新用户必看）](keymap-win-mac.md)
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- [36. IntelliJ IDEA 的 Java 热部署插件 JRebel 安装及使用](jrebel-setup.md)
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- [37. IntelliJ IDEA 远程调试（Tomcat+Jetty）](remote-debugging.md)
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- [38. 最特殊的快捷键 Alt + Enter 介绍（新用户必看）](hotkey-alt-enter-introduce.md)
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- [39. IntelliJ IDEA 插件开发视频教程](plugins-develop.md)
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- [40. 本教程总结](this-tutorial-the-end.md)
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- [24. IntelliJ IDEA 配合 Maven 的一些要点](maven-skill-introduce.md)
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- [25. Maven 的单模块 / 多模块之 Spring MVC + Spring + Mybatis 项目讲解（重点）](maven-java-web-project-introduce.md)
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- [26. Maven 的单模块之 Spring MVC + Spring + Spring Data JPA 项目（基于 IntelliJ IDEA）](maven-java-web-project-introduce2.md)
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- [27. Debug 技巧](debug-introduce.md)
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- [28. 重构技巧](refactor-introduce.md)
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- [29. 数据库管理工具](database-introduce.md)
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- [30. IntelliJ IDEA 常用细节设置-1](settings-introduce-1.md)
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- [31. IntelliJ IDEA 常用细节设置-2](settings-introduce-2.md)
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- [32. IntelliJ IDEA 常用细节设置-3](settings-introduce-3.md)
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- [33. IntelliJ IDEA 常用细节设置-4](settings-introduce-4.md)
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- [34. IntelliJ IDEA 常用快捷键讲解（Win + Linux）（新用户必看）](keymap-introduce.md)
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- [35. IntelliJ IDEA 常用快捷键讲解（Mac）（新用户必看）](keymap-mac-introduce.md)
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- [36. 从 Windows 过度到 Mac 必备快捷键对照表（新用户必看）](keymap-win-mac.md)
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- [37. IntelliJ IDEA 的 Java 热部署插件 JRebel 安装及使用](jrebel-setup.md)
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- [38. IntelliJ IDEA 远程调试（Tomcat+Jetty）](remote-debugging.md)
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- [39. 最特殊的快捷键 Alt + Enter 介绍（新用户必看）](hotkey-alt-enter-introduce.md)
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- [40. IntelliJ IDEA 插件开发视频教程](plugins-develop.md)
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- [41. 本教程总结](this-tutorial-the-end.md)
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## 联系(Contact)

‎images/xxii-f-maven-skill-introduce.jpg

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‎maven-skill-introduce.md

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# IntelliJ IDEA 配合 Maven 的一些技巧
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## 环境
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- IntelliJ IDEA 2017.1
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- Maven 3.3.9
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- Nexus 3.2.1
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## 学习前提
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- 了解 Maven 配置的基本用法
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- 了解私有仓库，比如 nexus 的一些概念
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### Maven 中的 profile
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- Maven 中有一个概念叫做：`profile`，它的诞生主要是为了解决不同环境所需的不同变量、配置等问题。
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- 有了 profile，可以根据激活的条件，启动不同条件下的配置信息。
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- profile 是可以有多个的，也可以同时激活多个 profile，方便只有组合。
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- profile 一般可以在三个地方：settings.xml，pom.xml，profiles.xml（这个不常用）
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- 在 settings.xml 上，一般大家用来做仓库的选择，比如以下 settings.xml 代码：
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``` xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
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xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
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<localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repository</localRepository>
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<pluginGroups>
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</pluginGroups>
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<proxies>
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</proxies>
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<profiles>
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<profile>
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<id>nexus</id>
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<repositories>
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<repository>
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<id>nexus</id>
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<url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
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<releases>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</releases>
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<snapshots>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</snapshots>
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</repository>
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</repositories>
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<pluginRepositories>
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<pluginRepository>
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<id>nexus</id>
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<url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
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<releases>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</releases>
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<snapshots>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</snapshots>
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</pluginRepository>
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</pluginRepositories>
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</profile>
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<profile>
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<id>aliyun</id>
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<repositories>
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<repository>
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<id>aliyun</id>
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<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
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<releases>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</releases>
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<snapshots>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</snapshots>
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</repository>
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</repositories>
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<pluginRepositories>
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<pluginRepository>
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<id>aliyun</id>
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<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
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<releases>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</releases>
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<snapshots>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</snapshots>
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</pluginRepository>
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</pluginRepositories>
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</profile>
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</profiles>
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<activeProfiles>
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<activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile>
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</activeProfiles>
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</settings>
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```
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- 以上代码中 profile 就做一件事：设置全局的 profile，一个是 nexus 仓库，一个是 aliyun 仓库，默认激活的是 nexus 仓库。（activeProfiles）
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- 在 pom.xml 中，一般用来激活环境配置，比如：
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``` xml
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<profiles>
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<profile>
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<id>dev</id>
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<properties>
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<package.environment>dev</package.environment>
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</properties>
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<activation>
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<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
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</activation>
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<build>
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<resources>
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<resource>
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<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
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<includes>
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<include>**/*</include>
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</includes>
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<filtering>true</filtering>
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</resource>
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<resource>
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<directory>src/main/env/${package.environment}</directory>
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<includes>
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<include>**/*</include>
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</includes>
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<filtering>true</filtering>
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</resource>
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</resources>
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<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
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</build>
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</profile>
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<profile>
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<id>product</id>
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<properties>
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<package.environment>product</package.environment>
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</properties>
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<activation>
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<activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
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</activation>
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<build>
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<resources>
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<resource>
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<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
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<includes>
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<include>**/*</include>
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</includes>
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<filtering>true</filtering>
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</resource>
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<resource>
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<directory>src/main/env/${package.environment}</directory>
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<includes>
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<include>**/*</include>
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</includes>
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<filtering>true</filtering>
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</resource>
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</resources>
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<finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
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</build>
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</profile>
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</profiles>
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```
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- 以上代码中 profile 就做一件事：打包的时候，默认是 dev 模式，打包 src/main/env/dev 下的配置文件，如果选择 product 则打包 src/main/env/product 下的配置文件
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### IntelliJ IDEA 使用 Maven Profile 的案例
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- 在 IntelliJ IDEA 上调用 profile 简单，如下图勾选对应的复选框即可，可以多选。
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![IntelliJ IDEA 配合 Maven 的一些技巧](images/xxii-f-maven-skill-introduce.jpg)
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- 只使用 aliyun 仓库可以这样配置 settings.xml：
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``` xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
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xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
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<localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repository</localRepository>
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<pluginGroups>
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</pluginGroups>
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<proxies>
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</proxies>
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<profiles>
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<profile>
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<id>aliyun</id>
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<repositories>
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<repository>
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<id>aliyun</id>
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<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
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<releases>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</releases>
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<snapshots>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</snapshots>
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</repository>
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</repositories>
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<pluginRepositories>
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<pluginRepository>
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<id>aliyun</id>
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<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
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<releases>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</releases>
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<snapshots>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</snapshots>
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</pluginRepository>
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</pluginRepositories>
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</profile>
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</profiles>
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<activeProfiles>
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<activeProfile>aliyun</activeProfile>
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</activeProfiles>
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</settings>
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```
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- 使用 nexus + aliyun 仓库可以这样配置 settings.xml：
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``` xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
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xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
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<localRepository>D:\maven\my_local_repository</localRepository>
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<pluginGroups>
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</pluginGroups>
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<proxies>
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</proxies>
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<profiles>
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<profile>
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<id>nexus</id>
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<repositories>
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<repository>
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<id>nexus</id>
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<url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
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<releases>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</releases>
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<snapshots>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</snapshots>
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</repository>
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</repositories>
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<pluginRepositories>
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<pluginRepository>
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<id>nexus</id>
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<url>http://192.168.1.73:8081/repository/maven-public/</url>
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<releases>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</releases>
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<snapshots>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</snapshots>
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</pluginRepository>
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</pluginRepositories>
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</profile>
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<profile>
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<id>aliyun</id>
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<repositories>
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<repository>
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<id>aliyun</id>
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<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
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<releases>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</releases>
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<snapshots>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</snapshots>
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</repository>
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</repositories>
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<pluginRepositories>
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<pluginRepository>
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<id>aliyun</id>
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<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
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<releases>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</releases>
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<snapshots>
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<enabled>true</enabled>
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</snapshots>
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</pluginRepository>
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</pluginRepositories>
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</profile>
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</profiles>
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<activeProfiles>
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<activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile>
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</activeProfiles>
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</settings>
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```
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