logging.po

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# Copyright (C) 2001-2022, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
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# 文俊 高 <jkw552403@gmail.com>, 2016
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Python 3.13\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-09-23 07:52+0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-05-23 14:36+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Adrian Liaw <adrianliaw2000@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese - TAIWAN (https://github.com/python/python-docs-zh-"
"tw)\n"
"Language: zh_TW\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:5
msgid "Logging HOWTO"
msgstr "如何使用 Logging 模組"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:0
msgid "Author"
msgstr "作者"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:7
msgid "Vinay Sajip <vinay_sajip at red-dove dot com>"
msgstr "Vinay Sajip <vinay_sajip at red-dove dot com>"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:13
msgid ""
"This page contains tutorial information. For links to reference information "
"and a logging cookbook, please see :ref:`tutorial-ref-links`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:17
msgid "Basic Logging Tutorial"
msgstr "基礎 Logging 指南"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:19
msgid ""
"Logging is a means of tracking events that happen when some software runs. "
"The software's developer adds logging calls to their code to indicate that "
"certain events have occurred. An event is described by a descriptive message "
"which can optionally contain variable data (i.e. data that is potentially "
"different for each occurrence of the event). Events also have an importance "
"which the developer ascribes to the event; the importance can also be called "
"the *level* or *severity*."
msgstr ""
"軟體執行時，追蹤有什麼事件發生的動作稱為 Logging。軟體開發者會使用 Logging 這"
"樣的機制是因為想知道在運行過程中是否有特定的事件發生。事件會被一段訊息所描"
"述。這段訊息可能包含一些因為此事件發生而改變的資料。開發者也可以指派事件的重"
"要程度，重要程度有時候也會被稱作 *程度* 或是 *嚴重性* 。"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:28
msgid "When to use logging"
msgstr "什麼時候使用 logging"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:30
msgid ""
"You can access logging functionality by creating a logger via ``logger = "
"getLogger(__name__)``, and then calling the logger's :meth:`~Logger.debug`, :"
"meth:`~Logger.info`, :meth:`~Logger.warning`, :meth:`~Logger.error` and :"
"meth:`~Logger.critical` methods. To determine when to use logging, and to "
"see which logger methods to use when, see the table below. It states, for "
"each of a set of common tasks, the best tool to use for that task."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:38
msgid "Task you want to perform"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:38
msgid "The best tool for the task"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:40
msgid ""
"Display console output for ordinary usage of a command line script or program"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:40
msgid ":func:`print`"
msgstr ":func:`print`"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:44
msgid ""
"Report events that occur during normal operation of a program (e.g. for "
"status monitoring or fault investigation)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:44
msgid ""
"A logger's :meth:`~Logger.info` (or :meth:`~Logger.debug` method for very "
"detailed output for diagnostic purposes)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:49
msgid "Issue a warning regarding a particular runtime event"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:49
msgid ""
":func:`warnings.warn` in library code if the issue is avoidable and the "
"client application should be modified to eliminate the warning"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:54
msgid ""
"A logger's :meth:`~Logger.warning` method if there is nothing the client "
"application can do about the situation, but the event should still be noted"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:60
msgid "Report an error regarding a particular runtime event"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:60
msgid "Raise an exception"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:63
msgid ""
"Report suppression of an error without raising an exception (e.g. error "
"handler in a long-running server process)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:63
msgid ""
"A logger's :meth:`~Logger.error`, :meth:`~Logger.exception` or :meth:"
"`~Logger.critical` method as appropriate for the specific error and "
"application domain"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:70
msgid ""
"The logger methods are named after the level or severity of the events they "
"are used to track. The standard levels and their applicability are described "
"below (in increasing order of severity):"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:77 ../../howto/logging.rst:875
msgid "Level"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:77
msgid "When it's used"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:79 ../../howto/logging.rst:885
msgid "``DEBUG``"
msgstr "``DEBUG``"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:79
msgid ""
"Detailed information, typically of interest only when diagnosing problems."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:82 ../../howto/logging.rst:883
msgid "``INFO``"
msgstr "``INFO``"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:82
msgid "Confirmation that things are working as expected."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:85 ../../howto/logging.rst:881
msgid "``WARNING``"
msgstr "``WARNING``"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:85
msgid ""
"An indication that something unexpected happened, or indicative of some "
"problem in the near future (e.g. 'disk space low'). The software is still "
"working as expected."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:90 ../../howto/logging.rst:879
msgid "``ERROR``"
msgstr "``ERROR``"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:90
msgid ""
"Due to a more serious problem, the software has not been able to perform "
"some function."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:93 ../../howto/logging.rst:877
msgid "``CRITICAL``"
msgstr "``CRITICAL``"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:93
msgid ""
"A serious error, indicating that the program itself may be unable to "
"continue running."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:97
msgid ""
"The default level is ``WARNING``, which means that only events of this "
"severity and higher will be tracked, unless the logging package is "
"configured to do otherwise."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:100
msgid ""
"Events that are tracked can be handled in different ways. The simplest way "
"of handling tracked events is to print them to the console. Another common "
"way is to write them to a disk file."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:108
msgid "A simple example"
msgstr "一個簡單範例"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:110
msgid "A very simple example is::"
msgstr "一個非常簡單的例子是： ::"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:112
msgid ""
"import logging\n"
"logging.warning('Watch out!')  # will print a message to the console\n"
"logging.info('I told you so')  # will not print anything"
msgstr ""
"import logging\n"
"logging.warning('Watch out!')  # 將會印出訊息至控制台\n"
"logging.info('I told you so')  # 不會印出任何東西"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:116
msgid "If you type these lines into a script and run it, you'll see:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:118
msgid "WARNING:root:Watch out!"
msgstr "WARNING:root:Watch out!"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:122
msgid ""
"printed out on the console. The ``INFO`` message doesn't appear because the "
"default level is ``WARNING``. The printed message includes the indication of "
"the level and the description of the event provided in the logging call, i."
"e. 'Watch out!'. The actual output can be formatted quite flexibly if you "
"need that; formatting options will also be explained later."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:128
msgid ""
"Notice that in this example, we use functions directly on the ``logging`` "
"module, like ``logging.debug``, rather than creating a logger and calling "
"functions on it. These functions operation on the root logger, but can be "
"useful as they will call :func:`~logging.basicConfig` for you if it has not "
"been called yet, like in this example.  In larger programs you'll usually "
"want to control the logging configuration explicitly however - so for that "
"reason as well as others, it's better to create loggers and call their "
"methods."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:137
msgid "Logging to a file"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:139
msgid ""
"A very common situation is that of recording logging events in a file, so "
"let's look at that next. Be sure to try the following in a newly started "
"Python interpreter, and don't just continue from the session described "
"above::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:143
msgid ""
"import logging\n"
"logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)\n"
"logging.basicConfig(filename='example.log', encoding='utf-8', level=logging."
"DEBUG)\n"
"logger.debug('This message should go to the log file')\n"
"logger.info('So should this')\n"
"logger.warning('And this, too')\n"
"logger.error('And non-ASCII stuff, too, like Øresund and Malmö')"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:151
msgid ""
"The *encoding* argument was added. In earlier Python versions, or if not "
"specified, the encoding used is the default value used by :func:`open`. "
"While not shown in the above example, an *errors* argument can also now be "
"passed, which determines how encoding errors are handled. For available "
"values and the default, see the documentation for :func:`open`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:158
msgid ""
"And now if we open the file and look at what we have, we should find the log "
"messages:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:161
msgid ""
"DEBUG:__main__:This message should go to the log file\n"
"INFO:__main__:So should this\n"
"WARNING:__main__:And this, too\n"
"ERROR:__main__:And non-ASCII stuff, too, like Øresund and Malmö"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:168
msgid ""
"This example also shows how you can set the logging level which acts as the "
"threshold for tracking. In this case, because we set the threshold to "
"``DEBUG``, all of the messages were printed."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:172
msgid ""
"If you want to set the logging level from a command-line option such as:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:174
msgid "--log=INFO"
msgstr "--log=INFO"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:178
msgid ""
"and you have the value of the parameter passed for ``--log`` in some "
"variable *loglevel*, you can use::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:181
msgid "getattr(logging, loglevel.upper())"
msgstr "getattr(logging, loglevel.upper())"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:183
msgid ""
"to get the value which you'll pass to :func:`basicConfig` via the *level* "
"argument. You may want to error check any user input value, perhaps as in "
"the following example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:187
msgid ""
"# assuming loglevel is bound to the string value obtained from the\n"
"# command line argument. Convert to upper case to allow the user to\n"
"# specify --log=DEBUG or --log=debug\n"
"numeric_level = getattr(logging, loglevel.upper(), None)\n"
"if not isinstance(numeric_level, int):\n"
"    raise ValueError('Invalid log level: %s' % loglevel)\n"
"logging.basicConfig(level=numeric_level, ...)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:195
msgid ""
"The call to :func:`basicConfig` should come *before* any calls to a logger's "
"methods such as :meth:`~Logger.debug`, :meth:`~Logger.info`, etc. Otherwise, "
"that logging event may not be handled in the desired manner."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:199
msgid ""
"If you run the above script several times, the messages from successive runs "
"are appended to the file *example.log*. If you want each run to start "
"afresh, not remembering the messages from earlier runs, you can specify the "
"*filemode* argument, by changing the call in the above example to::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:204
msgid ""
"logging.basicConfig(filename='example.log', filemode='w', level=logging."
"DEBUG)"
msgstr ""
"logging.basicConfig(filename='example.log', filemode='w', level=logging."
"DEBUG)"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:206
msgid ""
"The output will be the same as before, but the log file is no longer "
"appended to, so the messages from earlier runs are lost."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:211
msgid "Logging variable data"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:213
msgid ""
"To log variable data, use a format string for the event description message "
"and append the variable data as arguments. For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:216
msgid ""
"import logging\n"
"logging.warning('%s before you %s', 'Look', 'leap!')"
msgstr ""
"import logging\n"
"logging.warning('%s before you %s', 'Look', 'leap!')"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:219
msgid "will display:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:221
msgid "WARNING:root:Look before you leap!"
msgstr "WARNING:root:Look before you leap!"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:225
msgid ""
"As you can see, merging of variable data into the event description message "
"uses the old, %-style of string formatting. This is for backwards "
"compatibility: the logging package pre-dates newer formatting options such "
"as :meth:`str.format` and :class:`string.Template`. These newer formatting "
"options *are* supported, but exploring them is outside the scope of this "
"tutorial: see :ref:`formatting-styles` for more information."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:234
msgid "Changing the format of displayed messages"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:236
msgid ""
"To change the format which is used to display messages, you need to specify "
"the format you want to use::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:239
msgid ""
"import logging\n"
"logging.basicConfig(format='%(levelname)s:%(message)s', level=logging."
"DEBUG)\n"
"logging.debug('This message should appear on the console')\n"
"logging.info('So should this')\n"
"logging.warning('And this, too')"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:245
msgid "which would print:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:247
msgid ""
"DEBUG:This message should appear on the console\n"
"INFO:So should this\n"
"WARNING:And this, too"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:253
msgid ""
"Notice that the 'root' which appeared in earlier examples has disappeared. "
"For a full set of things that can appear in format strings, you can refer to "
"the documentation for :ref:`logrecord-attributes`, but for simple usage, you "
"just need the *levelname* (severity), *message* (event description, "
"including variable data) and perhaps to display when the event occurred. "
"This is described in the next section."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:262
msgid "Displaying the date/time in messages"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:264
msgid ""
"To display the date and time of an event, you would place '%(asctime)s' in "
"your format string::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:267
msgid ""
"import logging\n"
"logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s %(message)s')\n"
"logging.warning('is when this event was logged.')"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:271
msgid "which should print something like this:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:273
msgid "2010-12-12 11:41:42,612 is when this event was logged."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:277
msgid ""
"The default format for date/time display (shown above) is like ISO8601 or :"
"rfc:`3339`. If you need more control over the formatting of the date/time, "
"provide a *datefmt* argument to ``basicConfig``, as in this example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:281
msgid ""
"import logging\n"
"logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s %(message)s', datefmt='%m/%d/%Y %I:"
"%M:%S %p')\n"
"logging.warning('is when this event was logged.')"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:285
msgid "which would display something like this:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:287
msgid "12/12/2010 11:46:36 AM is when this event was logged."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:291
msgid ""
"The format of the *datefmt* argument is the same as supported by :func:`time."
"strftime`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:296
msgid "Next Steps"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:298
msgid ""
"That concludes the basic tutorial. It should be enough to get you up and "
"running with logging. There's a lot more that the logging package offers, "
"but to get the best out of it, you'll need to invest a little more of your "
"time in reading the following sections. If you're ready for that, grab some "
"of your favourite beverage and carry on."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:304
msgid ""
"If your logging needs are simple, then use the above examples to incorporate "
"logging into your own scripts, and if you run into problems or don't "
"understand something, please post a question on the comp.lang.python Usenet "
"group (available at https://groups.google.com/g/comp.lang.python) and you "
"should receive help before too long."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:310
msgid ""
"Still here? You can carry on reading the next few sections, which provide a "
"slightly more advanced/in-depth tutorial than the basic one above. After "
"that, you can take a look at the :ref:`logging-cookbook`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:318
msgid "Advanced Logging Tutorial"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:320
msgid ""
"The logging library takes a modular approach and offers several categories "
"of components: loggers, handlers, filters, and formatters."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:323
msgid "Loggers expose the interface that application code directly uses."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:324
msgid ""
"Handlers send the log records (created by loggers) to the appropriate "
"destination."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:326
msgid ""
"Filters provide a finer grained facility for determining which log records "
"to output."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:328
msgid "Formatters specify the layout of log records in the final output."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:330
msgid ""
"Log event information is passed between loggers, handlers, filters and "
"formatters in a :class:`LogRecord` instance."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:333
msgid ""
"Logging is performed by calling methods on instances of the :class:`Logger` "
"class (hereafter called :dfn:`loggers`). Each instance has a name, and they "
"are conceptually arranged in a namespace hierarchy using dots (periods) as "
"separators. For example, a logger named 'scan' is the parent of loggers "
"'scan.text', 'scan.html' and 'scan.pdf'. Logger names can be anything you "
"want, and indicate the area of an application in which a logged message "
"originates."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:340
msgid ""
"A good convention to use when naming loggers is to use a module-level "
"logger, in each module which uses logging, named as follows::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:343
msgid "logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)"
msgstr "logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:345
msgid ""
"This means that logger names track the package/module hierarchy, and it's "
"intuitively obvious where events are logged just from the logger name."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:348
msgid ""
"The root of the hierarchy of loggers is called the root logger. That's the "
"logger used by the functions :func:`debug`, :func:`info`, :func:`warning`, :"
"func:`error` and :func:`critical`, which just call the same-named method of "
"the root logger. The functions and the methods have the same signatures. The "
"root logger's name is printed as 'root' in the logged output."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:354
msgid ""
"It is, of course, possible to log messages to different destinations. "
"Support is included in the package for writing log messages to files, HTTP "
"GET/POST locations, email via SMTP, generic sockets, queues, or OS-specific "
"logging mechanisms such as syslog or the Windows NT event log. Destinations "
"are served by :dfn:`handler` classes. You can create your own log "
"destination class if you have special requirements not met by any of the "
"built-in handler classes."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:361
msgid ""
"By default, no destination is set for any logging messages. You can specify "
"a destination (such as console or file) by using :func:`basicConfig` as in "
"the tutorial examples. If you call the functions  :func:`debug`, :func:"
"`info`, :func:`warning`, :func:`error` and :func:`critical`, they will check "
"to see if no destination is set; and if one is not set, they will set a "
"destination of the console (``sys.stderr``) and a default format for the "
"displayed message before delegating to the root logger to do the actual "
"message output."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:369
msgid "The default format set by :func:`basicConfig` for messages is:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:371
msgid "severity:logger name:message"
msgstr "severity:logger name:message"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:375
msgid ""
"You can change this by passing a format string to :func:`basicConfig` with "
"the *format* keyword argument. For all options regarding how a format string "
"is constructed, see :ref:`formatter-objects`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:380
msgid "Logging Flow"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:382
msgid ""
"The flow of log event information in loggers and handlers is illustrated in "
"the following diagram."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:433
msgid "Loggers"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:435
msgid ""
":class:`Logger` objects have a threefold job.  First, they expose several "
"methods to application code so that applications can log messages at "
"runtime. Second, logger objects determine which log messages to act upon "
"based upon severity (the default filtering facility) or filter objects.  "
"Third, logger objects pass along relevant log messages to all interested log "
"handlers."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:441
msgid ""
"The most widely used methods on logger objects fall into two categories: "
"configuration and message sending."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:444
msgid "These are the most common configuration methods:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:446
msgid ""
":meth:`Logger.setLevel` specifies the lowest-severity log message a logger "
"will handle, where debug is the lowest built-in severity level and critical "
"is the highest built-in severity.  For example, if the severity level is "
"INFO, the logger will handle only INFO, WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL "
"messages and will ignore DEBUG messages."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:452
msgid ""
":meth:`Logger.addHandler` and :meth:`Logger.removeHandler` add and remove "
"handler objects from the logger object.  Handlers are covered in more detail "
"in :ref:`handler-basic`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:456
msgid ""
":meth:`Logger.addFilter` and :meth:`Logger.removeFilter` add and remove "
"filter objects from the logger object.  Filters are covered in more detail "
"in :ref:`filter`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:460
msgid ""
"You don't need to always call these methods on every logger you create. See "
"the last two paragraphs in this section."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:463
msgid ""
"With the logger object configured, the following methods create log messages:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:465
msgid ""
":meth:`Logger.debug`, :meth:`Logger.info`, :meth:`Logger.warning`, :meth:"
"`Logger.error`, and :meth:`Logger.critical` all create log records with a "
"message and a level that corresponds to their respective method names. The "
"message is actually a format string, which may contain the standard string "
"substitution syntax of ``%s``, ``%d``, ``%f``, and so on.  The rest of their "
"arguments is a list of objects that correspond with the substitution fields "
"in the message.  With regard to ``**kwargs``, the logging methods care only "
"about a keyword of ``exc_info`` and use it to determine whether to log "
"exception information."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:475
msgid ""
":meth:`Logger.exception` creates a log message similar to :meth:`Logger."
"error`.  The difference is that :meth:`Logger.exception` dumps a stack trace "
"along with it.  Call this method only from an exception handler."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:479
msgid ""
":meth:`Logger.log` takes a log level as an explicit argument.  This is a "
"little more verbose for logging messages than using the log level "
"convenience methods listed above, but this is how to log at custom log "
"levels."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:483
msgid ""
":func:`getLogger` returns a reference to a logger instance with the "
"specified name if it is provided, or ``root`` if not.  The names are period-"
"separated hierarchical structures.  Multiple calls to :func:`getLogger` with "
"the same name will return a reference to the same logger object.  Loggers "
"that are further down in the hierarchical list are children of loggers "
"higher up in the list. For example, given a logger with a name of ``foo``, "
"loggers with names of ``foo.bar``, ``foo.bar.baz``, and ``foo.bam`` are all "
"descendants of ``foo``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:491
msgid ""
"Loggers have a concept of *effective level*. If a level is not explicitly "
"set on a logger, the level of its parent is used instead as its effective "
"level. If the parent has no explicit level set, *its* parent is examined, "
"and so on - all ancestors are searched until an explicitly set level is "
"found. The root logger always has an explicit level set (``WARNING`` by "
"default). When deciding whether to process an event, the effective level of "
"the logger is used to determine whether the event is passed to the logger's "
"handlers."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:499
msgid ""
"Child loggers propagate messages up to the handlers associated with their "
"ancestor loggers. Because of this, it is unnecessary to define and configure "
"handlers for all the loggers an application uses. It is sufficient to "
"configure handlers for a top-level logger and create child loggers as "
"needed. (You can, however, turn off propagation by setting the *propagate* "
"attribute of a logger to ``False``.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:510
msgid "Handlers"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:512
msgid ""
":class:`~logging.Handler` objects are responsible for dispatching the "
"appropriate log messages (based on the log messages' severity) to the "
"handler's specified destination.  :class:`Logger` objects can add zero or "
"more handler objects to themselves with an :meth:`~Logger.addHandler` "
"method.  As an example scenario, an application may want to send all log "
"messages to a log file, all log messages of error or higher to stdout, and "
"all messages of critical to an email address. This scenario requires three "
"individual handlers where each handler is responsible for sending messages "
"of a specific severity to a specific location."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:522
msgid ""
"The standard library includes quite a few handler types (see :ref:`useful-"
"handlers`); the tutorials use mainly :class:`StreamHandler` and :class:"
"`FileHandler` in its examples."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:526
msgid ""
"There are very few methods in a handler for application developers to "
"concern themselves with.  The only handler methods that seem relevant for "
"application developers who are using the built-in handler objects (that is, "
"not creating custom handlers) are the following configuration methods:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:531
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~Handler.setLevel` method, just as in logger objects, specifies "
"the lowest severity that will be dispatched to the appropriate destination.  "
"Why are there two :meth:`~Handler.setLevel` methods?  The level set in the "
"logger determines which severity of messages it will pass to its handlers.  "
"The level set in each handler determines which messages that handler will "
"send on."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:537
msgid ""
":meth:`~Handler.setFormatter` selects a Formatter object for this handler to "
"use."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:540
msgid ""
":meth:`~Handler.addFilter` and :meth:`~Handler.removeFilter` respectively "
"configure and deconfigure filter objects on handlers."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:543
msgid ""
"Application code should not directly instantiate and use instances of :class:"
"`Handler`.  Instead, the :class:`Handler` class is a base class that defines "
"the interface that all handlers should have and establishes some default "
"behavior that child classes can use (or override)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:550
msgid "Formatters"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:552
msgid ""
"Formatter objects configure the final order, structure, and contents of the "
"log message.  Unlike the base :class:`logging.Handler` class, application "
"code may instantiate formatter classes, although you could likely subclass "
"the formatter if your application needs special behavior.  The constructor "
"takes three optional arguments -- a message format string, a date format "
"string and a style indicator."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:561
msgid ""
"If there is no message format string, the default is to use the raw "
"message.  If there is no date format string, the default date format is:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:564
msgid "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
msgstr "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:568
msgid ""
"with the milliseconds tacked on at the end. The ``style`` is one of ``'%'``, "
"``'{'``, or ``'$'``. If one of these is not specified, then ``'%'`` will be "
"used."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:571
msgid ""
"If the ``style`` is ``'%'``, the message format string uses ``%(<dictionary "
"key>)s`` styled string substitution; the possible keys are documented in :"
"ref:`logrecord-attributes`. If the style is ``'{'``, the message format "
"string is assumed to be compatible with :meth:`str.format` (using keyword "
"arguments), while if the style is ``'$'`` then the message format string "
"should conform to what is expected by :meth:`string.Template.substitute`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:578
msgid "Added the ``style`` parameter."
msgstr "新增 ``style`` 參數。"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:581
msgid ""
"The following message format string will log the time in a human-readable "
"format, the severity of the message, and the contents of the message, in "
"that order::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:585
msgid "'%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:587
msgid ""
"Formatters use a user-configurable function to convert the creation time of "
"a record to a tuple. By default, :func:`time.localtime` is used; to change "
"this for a particular formatter instance, set the ``converter`` attribute of "
"the instance to a function with the same signature as :func:`time.localtime` "
"or :func:`time.gmtime`. To change it for all formatters, for example if you "
"want all logging times to be shown in GMT, set the ``converter`` attribute "
"in the Formatter class (to ``time.gmtime`` for GMT display)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:597
msgid "Configuring Logging"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:601
msgid "Programmers can configure logging in three ways:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:603
msgid ""
"Creating loggers, handlers, and formatters explicitly using Python code that "
"calls the configuration methods listed above."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:605
msgid ""
"Creating a logging config file and reading it using the :func:`fileConfig` "
"function."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:607
msgid ""
"Creating a dictionary of configuration information and passing it to the :"
"func:`dictConfig` function."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:610
msgid ""
"For the reference documentation on the last two options, see :ref:`logging-"
"config-api`.  The following example configures a very simple logger, a "
"console handler, and a simple formatter using Python code::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:614
msgid ""
"import logging\n"
"\n"
"# create logger\n"
"logger = logging.getLogger('simple_example')\n"
"logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)\n"
"\n"
"# create console handler and set level to debug\n"
"ch = logging.StreamHandler()\n"
"ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)\n"
"\n"
"# create formatter\n"
"formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - "
"%(message)s')\n"
"\n"
"# add formatter to ch\n"
"ch.setFormatter(formatter)\n"
"\n"
"# add ch to logger\n"
"logger.addHandler(ch)\n"
"\n"
"# 'application' code\n"
"logger.debug('debug message')\n"
"logger.info('info message')\n"
"logger.warning('warn message')\n"
"logger.error('error message')\n"
"logger.critical('critical message')"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:640
msgid ""
"Running this module from the command line produces the following output:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:642
msgid ""
"$ python simple_logging_module.py\n"
"2005-03-19 15:10:26,618 - simple_example - DEBUG - debug message\n"
"2005-03-19 15:10:26,620 - simple_example - INFO - info message\n"
"2005-03-19 15:10:26,695 - simple_example - WARNING - warn message\n"
"2005-03-19 15:10:26,697 - simple_example - ERROR - error message\n"
"2005-03-19 15:10:26,773 - simple_example - CRITICAL - critical message"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:651
msgid ""
"The following Python module creates a logger, handler, and formatter nearly "
"identical to those in the example listed above, with the only difference "
"being the names of the objects::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:655
msgid ""
"import logging\n"
"import logging.config\n"
"\n"
"logging.config.fileConfig('logging.conf')\n"
"\n"
"# create logger\n"
"logger = logging.getLogger('simpleExample')\n"
"\n"
"# 'application' code\n"
"logger.debug('debug message')\n"
"logger.info('info message')\n"
"logger.warning('warn message')\n"
"logger.error('error message')\n"
"logger.critical('critical message')"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:670
msgid "Here is the logging.conf file:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:672
msgid ""
"[loggers]\n"
"keys=root,simpleExample\n"
"\n"
"[handlers]\n"
"keys=consoleHandler\n"
"\n"
"[formatters]\n"
"keys=simpleFormatter\n"
"\n"
"[logger_root]\n"
"level=DEBUG\n"
"handlers=consoleHandler\n"
"\n"
"[logger_simpleExample]\n"
"level=DEBUG\n"
"handlers=consoleHandler\n"
"qualname=simpleExample\n"
"propagate=0\n"
"\n"
"[handler_consoleHandler]\n"
"class=StreamHandler\n"
"level=DEBUG\n"
"formatter=simpleFormatter\n"
"args=(sys.stdout,)\n"
"\n"
"[formatter_simpleFormatter]\n"
"format=%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:702
msgid ""
"The output is nearly identical to that of the non-config-file-based example:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:704
msgid ""
"$ python simple_logging_config.py\n"
"2005-03-19 15:38:55,977 - simpleExample - DEBUG - debug message\n"
"2005-03-19 15:38:55,979 - simpleExample - INFO - info message\n"
"2005-03-19 15:38:56,054 - simpleExample - WARNING - warn message\n"
"2005-03-19 15:38:56,055 - simpleExample - ERROR - error message\n"
"2005-03-19 15:38:56,130 - simpleExample - CRITICAL - critical message"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:713
msgid ""
"You can see that the config file approach has a few advantages over the "
"Python code approach, mainly separation of configuration and code and the "
"ability of noncoders to easily modify the logging properties."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:717
msgid ""
"The :func:`fileConfig` function takes a default parameter, "
"``disable_existing_loggers``, which defaults to ``True`` for reasons of "
"backward compatibility. This may or may not be what you want, since it will "
"cause any non-root loggers existing before the :func:`fileConfig` call to be "
"disabled unless they (or an ancestor) are explicitly named in the "
"configuration. Please refer to the reference documentation for more "
"information, and specify ``False`` for this parameter if you wish."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:725
msgid ""
"The dictionary passed to :func:`dictConfig` can also specify a Boolean value "
"with key ``disable_existing_loggers``, which if not specified explicitly in "
"the dictionary also defaults to being interpreted as ``True``. This leads to "
"the logger-disabling behaviour described above, which may not be what you "
"want - in which case, provide the key explicitly with a value of ``False``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:735
msgid ""
"Note that the class names referenced in config files need to be either "
"relative to the logging module, or absolute values which can be resolved "
"using normal import mechanisms. Thus, you could use either :class:`~logging."
"handlers.WatchedFileHandler` (relative to the logging module) or ``mypackage."
"mymodule.MyHandler`` (for a class defined in package ``mypackage`` and "
"module ``mymodule``, where ``mypackage`` is available on the Python import "
"path)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:743
msgid ""
"In Python 3.2, a new means of configuring logging has been introduced, using "
"dictionaries to hold configuration information. This provides a superset of "
"the functionality of the config-file-based approach outlined above, and is "
"the recommended configuration method for new applications and deployments. "
"Because a Python dictionary is used to hold configuration information, and "
"since you can populate that dictionary using different means, you have more "
"options for configuration. For example, you can use a configuration file in "
"JSON format, or, if you have access to YAML processing functionality, a file "
"in YAML format, to populate the configuration dictionary. Or, of course, you "
"can construct the dictionary in Python code, receive it in pickled form over "
"a socket, or use whatever approach makes sense for your application."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:755
msgid ""
"Here's an example of the same configuration as above, in YAML format for the "
"new dictionary-based approach:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:758
msgid ""
"version: 1\n"
"formatters:\n"
"  simple:\n"
"    format: '%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'\n"
"handlers:\n"
"  console:\n"
"    class: logging.StreamHandler\n"
"    level: DEBUG\n"
"    formatter: simple\n"
"    stream: ext://sys.stdout\n"
"loggers:\n"
"  simpleExample:\n"
"    level: DEBUG\n"
"    handlers: [console]\n"
"    propagate: no\n"
"root:\n"
"  level: DEBUG\n"
"  handlers: [console]"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:779
msgid ""
"For more information about logging using a dictionary, see :ref:`logging-"
"config-api`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:783
msgid "What happens if no configuration is provided"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:785
msgid ""
"If no logging configuration is provided, it is possible to have a situation "
"where a logging event needs to be output, but no handlers can be found to "
"output the event."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:789
msgid ""
"The event is output using a 'handler of last resort', stored in :data:"
"`lastResort`. This internal handler is not associated with any logger, and "
"acts like a :class:`~logging.StreamHandler` which writes the event "
"description message to the current value of ``sys.stderr`` (therefore "
"respecting any redirections which may be in effect). No formatting is done "
"on the message - just the bare event description message is printed. The "
"handler's level is set to ``WARNING``, so all events at this and greater "
"severities will be output."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:800
msgid "For versions of Python prior to 3.2, the behaviour is as follows:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:802
msgid ""
"If :data:`raiseExceptions` is ``False`` (production mode), the event is "
"silently dropped."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:805
msgid ""
"If :data:`raiseExceptions` is ``True`` (development mode), a message 'No "
"handlers could be found for logger X.Y.Z' is printed once."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:808
msgid ""
"To obtain the pre-3.2 behaviour, :data:`lastResort` can be set to ``None``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:814
msgid "Configuring Logging for a Library"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:816
msgid ""
"When developing a library which uses logging, you should take care to "
"document how the library uses logging - for example, the names of loggers "
"used. Some consideration also needs to be given to its logging "
"configuration. If the using application does not use logging, and library "
"code makes logging calls, then (as described in the previous section) events "
"of severity ``WARNING`` and greater will be printed to ``sys.stderr``. This "
"is regarded as the best default behaviour."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:824
msgid ""
"If for some reason you *don't* want these messages printed in the absence of "
"any logging configuration, you can attach a do-nothing handler to the top-"
"level logger for your library. This avoids the message being printed, since "
"a handler will always be found for the library's events: it just doesn't "
"produce any output. If the library user configures logging for application "
"use, presumably that configuration will add some handlers, and if levels are "
"suitably configured then logging calls made in library code will send output "
"to those handlers, as normal."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:833
msgid ""
"A do-nothing handler is included in the logging package: :class:`~logging."
"NullHandler` (since Python 3.1). An instance of this handler could be added "
"to the top-level logger of the logging namespace used by the library (*if* "
"you want to prevent your library's logged events being output to ``sys."
"stderr`` in the absence of logging configuration). If all logging by a "
"library *foo* is done using loggers with names matching 'foo.x', 'foo.x.y', "
"etc. then the code::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:841
msgid ""
"import logging\n"
"logging.getLogger('foo').addHandler(logging.NullHandler())"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:844
msgid ""
"should have the desired effect. If an organisation produces a number of "
"libraries, then the logger name specified can be 'orgname.foo' rather than "
"just 'foo'."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:848
msgid ""
"It is strongly advised that you *do not log to the root logger* in your "
"library. Instead, use a logger with a unique and easily identifiable name, "
"such as the ``__name__`` for your library's top-level package or module. "
"Logging to the root logger will make it difficult or impossible for the "
"application developer to configure the logging verbosity or handlers of your "
"library as they wish."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:855
msgid ""
"It is strongly advised that you *do not add any handlers other than* :class:"
"`~logging.NullHandler` *to your library's loggers*. This is because the "
"configuration of handlers is the prerogative of the application developer "
"who uses your library. The application developer knows their target audience "
"and what handlers are most appropriate for their application: if you add "
"handlers 'under the hood', you might well interfere with their ability to "
"carry out unit tests and deliver logs which suit their requirements."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:866
msgid "Logging Levels"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:868
msgid ""
"The numeric values of logging levels are given in the following table. These "
"are primarily of interest if you want to define your own levels, and need "
"them to have specific values relative to the predefined levels. If you "
"define a level with the same numeric value, it overwrites the predefined "
"value; the predefined name is lost."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:875
msgid "Numeric value"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:877
msgid "50"
msgstr "50"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:879
msgid "40"
msgstr "40"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:881
msgid "30"
msgstr "30"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:883
msgid "20"
msgstr "20"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:885
msgid "10"
msgstr "10"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:887
msgid "``NOTSET``"
msgstr "``NOTSET``"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:887
msgid "0"
msgstr "0"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:890
msgid ""
"Levels can also be associated with loggers, being set either by the "
"developer or through loading a saved logging configuration. When a logging "
"method is called on a logger, the logger compares its own level with the "
"level associated with the method call. If the logger's level is higher than "
"the method call's, no logging message is actually generated. This is the "
"basic mechanism controlling the verbosity of logging output."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:897
msgid ""
"Logging messages are encoded as instances of the :class:`~logging.LogRecord` "
"class. When a logger decides to actually log an event, a :class:`~logging."
"LogRecord` instance is created from the logging message."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:901
msgid ""
"Logging messages are subjected to a dispatch mechanism through the use of :"
"dfn:`handlers`, which are instances of subclasses of the :class:`Handler` "
"class. Handlers are responsible for ensuring that a logged message (in the "
"form of a :class:`LogRecord`) ends up in a particular location (or set of "
"locations) which is useful for the target audience for that message (such as "
"end users, support desk staff, system administrators, developers). Handlers "
"are passed :class:`LogRecord` instances intended for particular "
"destinations. Each logger can have zero, one or more handlers associated "
"with it (via the :meth:`~Logger.addHandler` method of :class:`Logger`). In "
"addition to any handlers directly associated with a logger, *all handlers "
"associated with all ancestors of the logger* are called to dispatch the "
"message (unless the *propagate* flag for a logger is set to a false value, "
"at which point the passing to ancestor handlers stops)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:915
msgid ""
"Just as for loggers, handlers can have levels associated with them. A "
"handler's level acts as a filter in the same way as a logger's level does. "
"If a handler decides to actually dispatch an event, the :meth:`~Handler."
"emit` method is used to send the message to its destination. Most user-"
"defined subclasses of :class:`Handler` will need to override this :meth:"
"`~Handler.emit`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:924
msgid "Custom Levels"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:926
msgid ""
"Defining your own levels is possible, but should not be necessary, as the "
"existing levels have been chosen on the basis of practical experience. "
"However, if you are convinced that you need custom levels, great care should "
"be exercised when doing this, and it is possibly *a very bad idea to define "
"custom levels if you are developing a library*. That's because if multiple "
"library authors all define their own custom levels, there is a chance that "
"the logging output from such multiple libraries used together will be "
"difficult for the using developer to control and/or interpret, because a "
"given numeric value might mean different things for different libraries."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:939
msgid "Useful Handlers"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:941
msgid ""
"In addition to the base :class:`Handler` class, many useful subclasses are "
"provided:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:944
msgid ""
":class:`StreamHandler` instances send messages to streams (file-like "
"objects)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:947
msgid ":class:`FileHandler` instances send messages to disk files."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:949
msgid ""
":class:`~handlers.BaseRotatingHandler` is the base class for handlers that "
"rotate log files at a certain point. It is not meant to be  instantiated "
"directly. Instead, use :class:`~handlers.RotatingFileHandler` or :class:"
"`~handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:954
msgid ""
":class:`~handlers.RotatingFileHandler` instances send messages to disk "
"files, with support for maximum log file sizes and log file rotation."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:957
msgid ""
":class:`~handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler` instances send messages to disk "
"files, rotating the log file at certain timed intervals."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:960
msgid ""
":class:`~handlers.SocketHandler` instances send messages to TCP/IP sockets. "
"Since 3.4, Unix domain sockets are also supported."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:963
msgid ""
":class:`~handlers.DatagramHandler` instances send messages to UDP sockets. "
"Since 3.4, Unix domain sockets are also supported."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:966
msgid ""
":class:`~handlers.SMTPHandler` instances send messages to a designated email "
"address."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:969
msgid ""
":class:`~handlers.SysLogHandler` instances send messages to a Unix syslog "
"daemon, possibly on a remote machine."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:972
msgid ""
":class:`~handlers.NTEventLogHandler` instances send messages to a Windows "
"NT/2000/XP event log."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:975
msgid ""
":class:`~handlers.MemoryHandler` instances send messages to a buffer in "
"memory, which is flushed whenever specific criteria are met."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:978
msgid ""
":class:`~handlers.HTTPHandler` instances send messages to an HTTP server "
"using either ``GET`` or ``POST`` semantics."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:981
msgid ""
":class:`~handlers.WatchedFileHandler` instances watch the file they are "
"logging to. If the file changes, it is closed and reopened using the file "
"name. This handler is only useful on Unix-like systems; Windows does not "
"support the underlying mechanism used."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:986
msgid ""
":class:`~handlers.QueueHandler` instances send messages to a queue, such as "
"those implemented in the :mod:`queue` or :mod:`multiprocessing` modules."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:989
msgid ""
":class:`NullHandler` instances do nothing with error messages. They are used "
"by library developers who want to use logging, but want to avoid the 'No "
"handlers could be found for logger *XXX*' message which can be displayed if "
"the library user has not configured logging. See :ref:`library-config` for "
"more information."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:995
msgid "The :class:`NullHandler` class."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:998
msgid "The :class:`~handlers.QueueHandler` class."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1001
msgid ""
"The :class:`NullHandler`, :class:`StreamHandler` and :class:`FileHandler` "
"classes are defined in the core logging package. The other handlers are "
"defined in a sub-module, :mod:`logging.handlers`. (There is also another sub-"
"module, :mod:`logging.config`, for configuration functionality.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1006
msgid ""
"Logged messages are formatted for presentation through instances of the :"
"class:`Formatter` class. They are initialized with a format string suitable "
"for use with the % operator and a dictionary."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1010
msgid ""
"For formatting multiple messages in a batch, instances of :class:"
"`BufferingFormatter` can be used. In addition to the format string (which is "
"applied to each message in the batch), there is provision for header and "
"trailer format strings."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1015
msgid ""
"When filtering based on logger level and/or handler level is not enough, "
"instances of :class:`Filter` can be added to both :class:`Logger` and :class:"
"`Handler` instances (through their :meth:`~Handler.addFilter` method). "
"Before deciding to process a message further, both loggers and handlers "
"consult all their filters for permission. If any filter returns a false "
"value, the message is not processed further."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1022
msgid ""
"The basic :class:`Filter` functionality allows filtering by specific logger "
"name. If this feature is used, messages sent to the named logger and its "
"children are allowed through the filter, and all others dropped."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1030
msgid "Exceptions raised during logging"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1032
msgid ""
"The logging package is designed to swallow exceptions which occur while "
"logging in production. This is so that errors which occur while handling "
"logging events - such as logging misconfiguration, network or other similar "
"errors - do not cause the application using logging to terminate prematurely."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1037
msgid ""
":class:`SystemExit` and :class:`KeyboardInterrupt` exceptions are never "
"swallowed. Other exceptions which occur during the :meth:`~Handler.emit` "
"method of a :class:`Handler` subclass are passed to its :meth:`~Handler."
"handleError` method."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1042
msgid ""
"The default implementation of :meth:`~Handler.handleError` in :class:"
"`Handler` checks to see if a module-level variable, :data:`raiseExceptions`, "
"is set. If set, a traceback is printed to :data:`sys.stderr`. If not set, "
"the exception is swallowed."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1048
msgid ""
"The default value of :data:`raiseExceptions` is ``True``. This is because "
"during development, you typically want to be notified of any exceptions that "
"occur. It's advised that you set :data:`raiseExceptions` to ``False`` for "
"production usage."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1058
msgid "Using arbitrary objects as messages"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1060
msgid ""
"In the preceding sections and examples, it has been assumed that the message "
"passed when logging the event is a string. However, this is not the only "
"possibility. You can pass an arbitrary object as a message, and its :meth:"
"`~object.__str__` method will be called when the logging system needs to "
"convert it to a string representation. In fact, if you want to, you can "
"avoid computing a string representation altogether - for example, the :class:"
"`~handlers.SocketHandler` emits an event by pickling it and sending it over "
"the wire."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1071
msgid "Optimization"
msgstr "最佳化"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1073
msgid ""
"Formatting of message arguments is deferred until it cannot be avoided. "
"However, computing the arguments passed to the logging method can also be "
"expensive, and you may want to avoid doing it if the logger will just throw "
"away your event. To decide what to do, you can call the :meth:`~Logger."
"isEnabledFor` method which takes a level argument and returns true if the "
"event would be created by the Logger for that level of call. You can write "
"code like this::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1081
msgid ""
"if logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):\n"
"    logger.debug('Message with %s, %s', expensive_func1(),\n"
"                                        expensive_func2())"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1085
msgid ""
"so that if the logger's threshold is set above ``DEBUG``, the calls to "
"``expensive_func1`` and ``expensive_func2`` are never made."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1088
msgid ""
"In some cases, :meth:`~Logger.isEnabledFor` can itself be more expensive "
"than you'd like (e.g. for deeply nested loggers where an explicit level is "
"only set high up in the logger hierarchy). In such cases (or if you want to "
"avoid calling a method in tight loops), you can cache the result of a call "
"to :meth:`~Logger.isEnabledFor` in a local or instance variable, and use "
"that instead of calling the method each time. Such a cached value would only "
"need to be recomputed when the logging configuration changes dynamically "
"while the application is running (which is not all that common)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1097
msgid ""
"There are other optimizations which can be made for specific applications "
"which need more precise control over what logging information is collected. "
"Here's a list of things you can do to avoid processing during logging which "
"you don't need:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1103
msgid "What you don't want to collect"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1103
msgid "How to avoid collecting it"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1105
msgid "Information about where calls were made from."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1105
msgid ""
"Set ``logging._srcfile`` to ``None``. This avoids calling :func:`sys."
"_getframe`, which may help to speed up your code in environments like PyPy "
"(which can't speed up code that uses :func:`sys._getframe`)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1111
msgid "Threading information."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1111
msgid "Set ``logging.logThreads`` to ``False``."
msgstr "將 ``logging.logThreads`` 設為 ``False``。"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1113
msgid "Current process ID (:func:`os.getpid`)"
msgstr "當前的行程 ID (:func:`os.getpid`)"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1113
msgid "Set ``logging.logProcesses`` to ``False``."
msgstr "將 ``logging.logProcesses`` 設為 ``False``。"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1115
msgid ""
"Current process name when using ``multiprocessing`` to manage multiple "
"processes."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1115
msgid "Set ``logging.logMultiprocessing`` to ``False``."
msgstr "將 ``logging.logMultiprocessing`` 設為 ``False``。"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1118
msgid "Current :class:`asyncio.Task` name when using ``asyncio``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1118
msgid "Set ``logging.logAsyncioTasks`` to ``False``."
msgstr "將 ``logging.logAsyncioTasks`` 設為 ``False``。"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1122
msgid ""
"Also note that the core logging module only includes the basic handlers. If "
"you don't import :mod:`logging.handlers` and :mod:`logging.config`, they "
"won't take up any memory."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1129
msgid "Other resources"
msgstr "其他資源"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1133
msgid "Module :mod:`logging`"
msgstr ":mod:`logging` 模組"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1134
msgid "API reference for the logging module."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1136
msgid "Module :mod:`logging.config`"
msgstr ":mod:`logging.config` 模組"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1137
msgid "Configuration API for the logging module."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1139
msgid "Module :mod:`logging.handlers`"
msgstr ":mod:`logging.handlers` 模組"

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1140
msgid "Useful handlers included with the logging module."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/logging.rst:1142
msgid ":ref:`A logging cookbook <logging-cookbook>`"
msgstr ""