basics.h

/*
 * Copyright 2020 Google LLC
 *
 * Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
 * license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 * https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 */

#ifndef BASICS_H
#define BASICS_H

/*
 * miscellaneous utilities that are not provided by Git.
 */

#include "system.h"
#include "reftable-basics.h"

#define REFTABLE_UNUSED __attribute__((__unused__))

/*
 * Initialize the buffer such that it is ready for use. This is equivalent to
 * using REFTABLE_BUF_INIT for stack-allocated variables.
 */
void reftable_buf_init(struct reftable_buf *buf);

/*
 * Release memory associated with the buffer. The buffer is reinitialized such
 * that it can be reused for subsequent operations.
 */
void reftable_buf_release(struct reftable_buf *buf);

/*
 * Reset the buffer such that it is effectively empty, without releasing the
 * memory that this structure holds on to. This is equivalent to calling
 * `reftable_buf_setlen(buf, 0)`.
 */
void reftable_buf_reset(struct reftable_buf *buf);

/*
 * Trim the buffer to a shorter length by updating the `len` member and writing
 * a NUL byte to `buf[len]`. Returns 0 on success, -1 when `len` points outside
 * of the array.
 */
int reftable_buf_setlen(struct reftable_buf *buf, size_t len);

/*
 * Lexicographically compare the two buffers. Returns 0 when both buffers have
 * the same contents, -1 when `a` is lexicographically smaller than `b`, and 1
 * otherwise.
 */
int reftable_buf_cmp(const struct reftable_buf *a, const struct reftable_buf *b);

/*
 * Append `len` bytes from `data` to the buffer. This function works with
 * arbitrary byte sequences, including ones that contain embedded NUL
 * characters. As such, we use `void *` as input type. Returns 0 on success,
 * REFTABLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY_ERROR on allocation failure.
 */
int reftable_buf_add(struct reftable_buf *buf, const void *data, size_t len);

/* Equivalent to `reftable_buf_add(buf, s, strlen(s))`. */
int reftable_buf_addstr(struct reftable_buf *buf, const char *s);

/*
 * Detach the buffer from the structure such that the underlying memory is now
 * owned by the caller. The buffer is reinitialized such that it can be reused
 * for subsequent operations.
 */
char *reftable_buf_detach(struct reftable_buf *buf);

/* Bigendian en/decoding of integers */

static inline void reftable_put_be16(void *out, uint16_t i)
{
	unsigned char *p = out;
	p[0] = (uint8_t)((i >> 8) & 0xff);
	p[1] = (uint8_t)((i >> 0) & 0xff);
}

static inline void reftable_put_be24(void *out, uint32_t i)
{
	unsigned char *p = out;
	p[0] = (uint8_t)((i >> 16) & 0xff);
	p[1] = (uint8_t)((i >>  8) & 0xff);
	p[2] = (uint8_t)((i >>  0) & 0xff);
}

static inline void reftable_put_be32(void *out, uint32_t i)
{
	unsigned char *p = out;
	p[0] = (uint8_t)((i >> 24) & 0xff);
	p[1] = (uint8_t)((i >> 16) & 0xff);
	p[2] = (uint8_t)((i >>  8) & 0xff);
	p[3] = (uint8_t)((i >>  0) & 0xff);
}

static inline void reftable_put_be64(void *out, uint64_t i)
{
	unsigned char *p = out;
	p[0] = (uint8_t)((i >> 56) & 0xff);
	p[1] = (uint8_t)((i >> 48) & 0xff);
	p[2] = (uint8_t)((i >> 40) & 0xff);
	p[3] = (uint8_t)((i >> 32) & 0xff);
	p[4] = (uint8_t)((i >> 24) & 0xff);
	p[5] = (uint8_t)((i >> 16) & 0xff);
	p[6] = (uint8_t)((i >>  8) & 0xff);
	p[7] = (uint8_t)((i >>  0) & 0xff);
}

static inline uint16_t reftable_get_be16(const void *in)
{
	const unsigned char *p = in;
	return (uint16_t)(p[0]) << 8 |
	       (uint16_t)(p[1]) << 0;
}

static inline uint32_t reftable_get_be24(const void *in)
{
	const unsigned char *p = in;
	return (uint32_t)(p[0]) << 16 |
	       (uint32_t)(p[1]) << 8 |
	       (uint32_t)(p[2]) << 0;
}

static inline uint32_t reftable_get_be32(const void *in)
{
	const unsigned char *p = in;
	return (uint32_t)(p[0]) << 24 |
	       (uint32_t)(p[1]) << 16 |
	       (uint32_t)(p[2]) <<  8|
	       (uint32_t)(p[3]) <<  0;
}

static inline uint64_t reftable_get_be64(const void *in)
{
	const unsigned char *p = in;
	return (uint64_t)(p[0]) << 56 |
	       (uint64_t)(p[1]) << 48 |
	       (uint64_t)(p[2]) << 40 |
	       (uint64_t)(p[3]) << 32 |
	       (uint64_t)(p[4]) << 24 |
	       (uint64_t)(p[5]) << 16 |
	       (uint64_t)(p[6]) <<  8 |
	       (uint64_t)(p[7]) <<  0;
}

/*
 * find smallest index i in [0, sz) at which `f(i) > 0`, assuming that f is
 * ascending. Return sz if `f(i) == 0` for all indices. The search is aborted
 * and `sz` is returned in case `f(i) < 0`.
 *
 * Contrary to bsearch(3), this returns something useful if the argument is not
 * found.
 */
size_t binsearch(size_t sz, int (*f)(size_t k, void *args), void *args);

/*
 * Frees a NULL terminated array of malloced strings. The array itself is also
 * freed.
 */
void free_names(char **a);

/*
 * Parse a newline separated list of names. `size` is the length of the buffer,
 * without terminating '\0'. Empty names are discarded. Returns a `NULL`
 * pointer when allocations fail.
 */
char **parse_names(char *buf, int size);

/* compares two NULL-terminated arrays of strings. */
int names_equal(const char **a, const char **b);

/* returns the array size of a NULL-terminated array of strings. */
size_t names_length(const char **names);

/* Allocation routines; they invoke the functions set through
 * reftable_set_alloc() */
void *reftable_malloc(size_t sz);
void *reftable_realloc(void *p, size_t sz);
void reftable_free(void *p);
void *reftable_calloc(size_t nelem, size_t elsize);
char *reftable_strdup(const char *str);

static inline int reftable_alloc_size(size_t nelem, size_t elsize, size_t *out)
{
	if (nelem && elsize > SIZE_MAX / nelem)
		return -1;
	*out = nelem * elsize;
	return 0;
}

#define REFTABLE_ALLOC_ARRAY(x, alloc) do { \
		size_t alloc_size; \
		if (reftable_alloc_size(sizeof(*(x)), (alloc), &alloc_size) < 0) { \
			errno = ENOMEM; \
			(x) = NULL; \
		} else { \
			(x) = reftable_malloc(alloc_size); \
		} \
	} while (0)
#define REFTABLE_CALLOC_ARRAY(x, alloc) (x) = reftable_calloc((alloc), sizeof(*(x)))
#define REFTABLE_REALLOC_ARRAY(x, alloc) do { \
		size_t alloc_size; \
		if (reftable_alloc_size(sizeof(*(x)), (alloc), &alloc_size) < 0) { \
			errno = ENOMEM; \
			(x) = NULL; \
		} else { \
			(x) = reftable_realloc((x), alloc_size); \
		} \
	} while (0)

static inline void *reftable_alloc_grow(void *p, size_t nelem, size_t elsize,
					size_t *allocp)
{
	void *new_p;
	size_t alloc = *allocp * 2 + 1, alloc_bytes;
	if (alloc < nelem)
		alloc = nelem;
	if (reftable_alloc_size(elsize, alloc, &alloc_bytes) < 0) {
		errno = ENOMEM;
		return p;
	}
	new_p = reftable_realloc(p, alloc_bytes);
	if (!new_p)
		return p;
	*allocp = alloc;
	return new_p;
}

#define REFTABLE_ALLOC_GROW(x, nr, alloc) ( \
	(nr) > (alloc) && ( \
		(x) = reftable_alloc_grow((x), (nr), sizeof(*(x)), &(alloc)), \
		(nr) > (alloc) \
	) \
)

#define REFTABLE_ALLOC_GROW_OR_NULL(x, nr, alloc) do { \
	size_t reftable_alloc_grow_or_null_alloc = alloc; \
	if (REFTABLE_ALLOC_GROW((x), (nr), reftable_alloc_grow_or_null_alloc)) { \
		REFTABLE_FREE_AND_NULL(x); \
		alloc = 0; \
	} else { \
		alloc = reftable_alloc_grow_or_null_alloc; \
	} \
} while (0)

#define REFTABLE_FREE_AND_NULL(p) do { reftable_free(p); (p) = NULL; } while (0)

#ifndef REFTABLE_ALLOW_BANNED_ALLOCATORS
# define REFTABLE_BANNED(func) use_reftable_##func##_instead
# undef malloc
# define malloc(sz) REFTABLE_BANNED(malloc)
# undef realloc
# define realloc(ptr, sz) REFTABLE_BANNED(realloc)
# undef free
# define free(ptr) REFTABLE_BANNED(free)
# undef calloc
# define calloc(nelem, elsize) REFTABLE_BANNED(calloc)
# undef strdup
# define strdup(str) REFTABLE_BANNED(strdup)
#endif

#define REFTABLE_SWAP(a, b) do {								\
	void *_swap_a_ptr = &(a);								\
	void *_swap_b_ptr = &(b);								\
	unsigned char _swap_buffer[sizeof(a) - 2 * sizeof(a) * (sizeof(a) != sizeof(b))];	\
	memcpy(_swap_buffer, _swap_a_ptr, sizeof(a));						\
	memcpy(_swap_a_ptr, _swap_b_ptr, sizeof(a));						\
	memcpy(_swap_b_ptr, _swap_buffer, sizeof(a));						\
} while (0)

/* Find the longest shared prefix size of `a` and `b` */
size_t common_prefix_size(struct reftable_buf *a, struct reftable_buf *b);

uint32_t hash_size(enum reftable_hash id);

/*
 * Format IDs that identify the hash function used by a reftable. Note that
 * these constants end up on disk and thus mustn't change. The format IDs are
 * "sha1" and "s256" in big endian, respectively.
 */
#define REFTABLE_FORMAT_ID_SHA1   ((uint32_t) 0x73686131)
#define REFTABLE_FORMAT_ID_SHA256 ((uint32_t) 0x73323536)

#endif