Prepare for v2.51.0(2) (#799)

This merges git-for-windows#5840, which I released on Monday,
September 29th 2025, as Git for Windows v2.51.0(2).

There have been quite a couple of merge conflicts, essentially because
we picked up early versions of patches that were sent to the Git mailing
list, and which had to undergo the usual process of mutations before
being accepted. The only merge conflict that is in another category is
that Git for Windows dropped monitoring the GnuPG versions in the
`monitor-components` workflow, and `microsoft/git` still wants to delete
that workflow lest it runs on a schedule and opens non-actionable work
items.

Author: dscho

.github/workflows/main.yml

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "skip_concurrent=$skip_concurrent" >>$GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: skip if the commit or tree was already tested
         id: skip-if-redundant
-        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
         if: steps.check-ref.outputs.enabled == 'yes'
         with:
           github-token: ${{secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN}}
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ jobs:
       cancel-in-progress: ${{ needs.ci-config.outputs.skip_concurrent == 'yes' }}
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
     - name: Set up dependencies
       shell: pwsh
       run: pip install meson ninja
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ jobs:
       cancel-in-progress: ${{ needs.ci-config.outputs.skip_concurrent == 'yes' }}
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-    - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+    - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
     - name: Set up dependencies
       shell: pwsh
       run: pip install meson ninja

Documentation/git-reflog.adoc

@@ -8,16 +8,17 @@ git-reflog - Manage reflog information
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
-[verse]
-'git reflog' [show] [<log-options>] [<ref>]
-'git reflog list'
-'git reflog expire' [--expire=<time>] [--expire-unreachable=<time>]
+[synopsis]
+git reflog [show] [<log-options>] [<ref>]
+git reflog list
+git reflog exists <ref>
+git reflog write <ref> <old-oid> <new-oid> <message>
+git reflog delete [--rewrite] [--updateref]
+	[--dry-run | -n] [--verbose] <ref>@{<specifier>}...
+git reflog drop [--all [--single-worktree] | <refs>...]
+git reflog expire [--expire=<time>] [--expire-unreachable=<time>]
 	[--rewrite] [--updateref] [--stale-fix]
 	[--dry-run | -n] [--verbose] [--all [--single-worktree] | <refs>...]
-'git reflog delete' [--rewrite] [--updateref]
-	[--dry-run | -n] [--verbose] <ref>@{<specifier>}...
-'git reflog drop' [--all [--single-worktree] | <refs>...]
-'git reflog exists' <ref>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -43,11 +44,15 @@ actions, and in addition the `HEAD` reflog records branch switching.
 
 The "list" subcommand lists all refs which have a corresponding reflog.
 
-The "expire" subcommand prunes older reflog entries. Entries older
-than `expire` time, or entries older than `expire-unreachable` time
-and not reachable from the current tip, are removed from the reflog.
-This is typically not used directly by end users -- instead, see
-linkgit:git-gc[1].
+The "exists" subcommand checks whether a ref has a reflog.  It exits
+with zero status if the reflog exists, and non-zero status if it does
+not.
+
+The "write" subcommand writes a single entry to the reflog of a given
+reference. This new entry is appended to the reflog and will thus become
+the most recent entry. The reference name must be fully qualified. Both the old
+and new object IDs must not be abbreviated and must point to existing objects.
+The reflog message gets normalized.
 
 The "delete" subcommand deletes single entries from the reflog, but
 not the reflog itself. Its argument must be an _exact_ entry (e.g. "`git
@@ -58,9 +63,11 @@ The "drop" subcommand completely removes the reflog for the specified
 references. This is in contrast to "expire" and "delete", both of which
 can be used to delete reflog entries, but not the reflog itself.
 
-The "exists" subcommand checks whether a ref has a reflog.  It exits
-with zero status if the reflog exists, and non-zero status if it does
-not.
+The "expire" subcommand prunes older reflog entries. Entries older
+than `expire` time, or entries older than `expire-unreachable` time
+and not reachable from the current tip, are removed from the reflog.
+This is typically not used directly by end users -- instead, see
+linkgit:git-gc[1].
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -71,26 +78,45 @@ Options for `show`
 `git reflog show` accepts any of the options accepted by `git log`.
 
 
+Options for `delete`
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`git reflog delete` accepts options `--updateref`, `--rewrite`, `-n`,
+`--dry-run`, and `--verbose`, with the same meanings as when they are
+used with `expire`.
+
+Options for `drop`
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`--all`::
+	Drop the reflogs of all references from all worktrees.
+
+`--single-worktree`::
+	By default when `--all` is specified, reflogs from all working
+	trees are dropped. This option limits the processing to reflogs
+	from the current working tree only.
+
+
 Options for `expire`
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
---all::
+`--all`::
 	Process the reflogs of all references.
 
---single-worktree::
+`--single-worktree`::
 	By default when `--all` is specified, reflogs from all working
 	trees are processed. This option limits the processing to reflogs
 	from the current working tree only.
 
---expire=<time>::
+`--expire=<time>`::
 	Prune entries older than the specified time. If this option is
 	not specified, the expiration time is taken from the
 	configuration setting `gc.reflogExpire`, which in turn
 	defaults to 90 days. `--expire=all` prunes entries regardless
 	of their age; `--expire=never` turns off pruning of reachable
 	entries (but see `--expire-unreachable`).
 
---expire-unreachable=<time>::
+`--expire-unreachable=<time>`::
 	Prune entries older than `<time>` that are not reachable from
 	the current tip of the branch. If this option is not
 	specified, the expiration time is taken from the configuration
@@ -100,17 +126,17 @@ Options for `expire`
 	turns off early pruning of unreachable entries (but see
 	`--expire`).
 
---updateref::
+`--updateref`::
 	Update the reference to the value of the top reflog entry (i.e.
 	<ref>@\{0\}) if the previous top entry was pruned.  (This
 	option is ignored for symbolic references.)
 
---rewrite::
+`--rewrite`::
 	If a reflog entry's predecessor is pruned, adjust its "old"
 	SHA-1 to be equal to the "new" SHA-1 field of the entry that
 	now precedes it.
 
---stale-fix::
+`--stale-fix`::
 	Prune any reflog entries that point to "broken commits". A
 	broken commit is a commit that is not reachable from any of
 	the reference tips and that refers, directly or indirectly, to
@@ -121,33 +147,15 @@ has the same cost as 'git prune'.  It is primarily intended to fix
 corruption caused by garbage collecting using older versions of Git,
 which didn't protect objects referred to by reflogs.
 
--n::
---dry-run::
+`-n`::
+`--dry-run`::
 	Do not actually prune any entries; just show what would have
 	been pruned.
 
---verbose::
+`--verbose`::
 	Print extra information on screen.
 
 
-Options for `delete`
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-`git reflog delete` accepts options `--updateref`, `--rewrite`, `-n`,
-`--dry-run`, and `--verbose`, with the same meanings as when they are
-used with `expire`.
-
-Options for `drop`
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
---all::
-	Drop the reflogs of all references from all worktrees.
-
---single-worktree::
-	By default when `--all` is specified, reflogs from all working
-	trees are dropped. This option limits the processing to reflogs
-	from the current working tree only.
-
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite

Documentation/git-sparse-checkout.adoc

@@ -112,13 +112,21 @@ to change which sparsity mode you are using without needing to also respecify
 all sparsity paths.
 
 'clean'::
-	Remove all files in tracked directories that are outside of the
-	sparse-checkout definition. This subcommand requires cone-mode
-	sparse-checkout to be sure that we know which directories are
-	both tracked and all contained paths are not in the sparse-checkout.
-	This command can be used to be sure the sparse index works
-	efficiently, though it does not require enabling the sparse index
-  feature via the `index.sparse=true` configuration.
+	Opportunistically remove files outside of the sparse-checkout
+	definition. This command requires cone mode to use recursive
+	directory matches to determine which files should be removed. A
+	file is considered for removal if it is contained within a tracked
+	directory that is outside of the sparse-checkout definition.
++
+Some special cases, such as merge conflicts or modified files outside of
+the sparse-checkout definition could lead to keeping files that would
+otherwise be removed. Resolve conflicts, stage modifications, and use
+`git sparse-checkout reapply` in conjunction with `git sparse-checkout
+clean` to resolve these cases.
++
+This command can be used to be sure the sparse index works efficiently,
+though it does not require enabling the sparse index feature via the
+`index.sparse=true` configuration.
 +
 To prevent accidental deletion of worktree files, the `clean` subcommand
 will not delete any files without the `-f` or `--force` option, unless

add-interactive.c

@@ -20,14 +20,14 @@
 #include "prompt.h"
 #include "tree.h"
 
-static void init_color(struct repository *r, struct add_i_state *s,
+static void init_color(struct repository *r, int use_color,
 		       const char *section_and_slot, char *dst,
 		       const char *default_color)
 {
 	char *key = xstrfmt("color.%s", section_and_slot);
 	const char *value;
 
-	if (!s->use_color)
+	if (!use_color)
 		dst[0] = '\0';
 	else if (repo_config_get_value(r, key, &value) ||
 		 color_parse(value, dst))
@@ -36,42 +36,63 @@ static void init_color(struct repository *r, struct add_i_state *s,
 	free(key);
 }
 
-void init_add_i_state(struct add_i_state *s, struct repository *r,
-		      struct add_p_opt *add_p_opt)
+static int check_color_config(struct repository *r, const char *var)
 {
 	const char *value;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (repo_config_get_value(r, var, &value))
+		ret = -1;
+	else
+		ret = git_config_colorbool(var, value);
+
+	/*
+	 * Do not rely on want_color() to fall back to color.ui for us. It uses
+	 * the value parsed by git_color_config(), which may not have been
+	 * called by the main command.
+	 */
+	if (ret < 0 && !repo_config_get_value(r, "color.ui", &value))
+		ret = git_config_colorbool("color.ui", value);
 
+	return want_color(ret);
+}
+
+void init_add_i_state(struct add_i_state *s, struct repository *r,
+		      struct add_p_opt *add_p_opt)
+{
 	s->r = r;
 	s->context = -1;
 	s->interhunkcontext = -1;
 
-	if (repo_config_get_value(r, "color.interactive", &value))
-		s->use_color = -1;
-	else
-		s->use_color =
-			git_config_colorbool("color.interactive", value);
-	s->use_color = want_color(s->use_color);
-
-	init_color(r, s, "interactive.header", s->header_color, GIT_COLOR_BOLD);
-	init_color(r, s, "interactive.help", s->help_color, GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED);
-	init_color(r, s, "interactive.prompt", s->prompt_color,
-		   GIT_COLOR_BOLD_BLUE);
-	init_color(r, s, "interactive.error", s->error_color,
-		   GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED);
-
-	init_color(r, s, "diff.frag", s->fraginfo_color,
-		   diff_get_color(s->use_color, DIFF_FRAGINFO));
-	init_color(r, s, "diff.context", s->context_color, "fall back");
+	s->use_color_interactive = check_color_config(r, "color.interactive");
+
+	init_color(r, s->use_color_interactive, "interactive.header",
+		   s->header_color, GIT_COLOR_BOLD);
+	init_color(r, s->use_color_interactive, "interactive.help",
+		   s->help_color, GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED);
+	init_color(r, s->use_color_interactive, "interactive.prompt",
+		   s->prompt_color, GIT_COLOR_BOLD_BLUE);
+	init_color(r, s->use_color_interactive, "interactive.error",
+		   s->error_color, GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED);
+	strlcpy(s->reset_color_interactive,
+		s->use_color_interactive ? GIT_COLOR_RESET : "", COLOR_MAXLEN);
+
+	s->use_color_diff = check_color_config(r, "color.diff");
+
+	init_color(r, s->use_color_diff, "diff.frag", s->fraginfo_color,
+		   diff_get_color(s->use_color_diff, DIFF_FRAGINFO));
+	init_color(r, s->use_color_diff, "diff.context", s->context_color,
+		   "fall back");
 	if (!strcmp(s->context_color, "fall back"))
-		init_color(r, s, "diff.plain", s->context_color,
-			   diff_get_color(s->use_color, DIFF_CONTEXT));
-	init_color(r, s, "diff.old", s->file_old_color,
-		diff_get_color(s->use_color, DIFF_FILE_OLD));
-	init_color(r, s, "diff.new", s->file_new_color,
-		diff_get_color(s->use_color, DIFF_FILE_NEW));
-
-	strlcpy(s->reset_color,
-		s->use_color ? GIT_COLOR_RESET : "", COLOR_MAXLEN);
+		init_color(r, s->use_color_diff, "diff.plain",
+			   s->context_color,
+			   diff_get_color(s->use_color_diff, DIFF_CONTEXT));
+	init_color(r, s->use_color_diff, "diff.old", s->file_old_color,
+		   diff_get_color(s->use_color_diff, DIFF_FILE_OLD));
+	init_color(r, s->use_color_diff, "diff.new", s->file_new_color,
+		   diff_get_color(s->use_color_diff, DIFF_FILE_NEW));
+	strlcpy(s->reset_color_diff,
+		s->use_color_diff ? GIT_COLOR_RESET : "", COLOR_MAXLEN);
 
 	FREE_AND_NULL(s->interactive_diff_filter);
 	repo_config_get_string(r, "interactive.difffilter",
@@ -109,7 +130,8 @@ void clear_add_i_state(struct add_i_state *s)
 	FREE_AND_NULL(s->interactive_diff_filter);
 	FREE_AND_NULL(s->interactive_diff_algorithm);
 	memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
-	s->use_color = -1;
+	s->use_color_interactive = -1;
+	s->use_color_diff = -1;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1188,9 +1210,9 @@ int run_add_i(struct repository *r, const struct pathspec *ps,
 	 * When color was asked for, use the prompt color for
 	 * highlighting, otherwise use square brackets.
 	 */
-	if (s.use_color) {
+	if (s.use_color_interactive) {
 		data.color = s.prompt_color;
-		data.reset = s.reset_color;
+		data.reset = s.reset_color_interactive;
 	}
 	print_file_item_data.color = data.color;
 	print_file_item_data.reset = data.reset;

add-interactive.h

@@ -12,16 +12,19 @@ struct add_p_opt {
 
 struct add_i_state {
 	struct repository *r;
-	int use_color;
+	int use_color_interactive;
+	int use_color_diff;
 	char header_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
 	char help_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
 	char prompt_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
 	char error_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
-	char reset_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+	char reset_color_interactive[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+
 	char fraginfo_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
 	char context_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
 	char file_old_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
 	char file_new_color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+	char reset_color_diff[COLOR_MAXLEN];
 
 	int use_single_key;
 	char *interactive_diff_filter, *interactive_diff_algorithm;