stable.po

# Copyright (C) 2001-2024, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
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# Translators:
# Matt Wang <mattwang44@gmail.com>, 2023
msgid ""
msgstr ""
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"Last-Translator: Matt Wang <mattwang44@gmail.com>\n"
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#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:7
msgid "C API Stability"
msgstr "C API 穩定性"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:9
msgid ""
"Unless documented otherwise, Python's C API is covered by the Backwards "
"Compatibility Policy, :pep:`387`. Most changes to it are source-compatible "
"(typically by only adding new API). Changing existing API or removing API is "
"only done after a deprecation period or to fix serious issues."
msgstr ""
"除非有另外記錄於文件，Python 的 C API 被包含在向後相容性策略 :pep:`387` 中。"
"大多數改動都是相容於原始碼的（通常只會增加新的 API）。更改現有 API 或刪除 "
"API 僅在棄用期後或修復嚴重問題時進行。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:15
msgid ""
"CPython's Application Binary Interface (ABI) is forward- and backwards-"
"compatible across a minor release (if these are compiled the same way; see :"
"ref:`stable-abi-platform` below). So, code compiled for Python 3.10.0 will "
"work on 3.10.8 and vice versa, but will need to be compiled separately for "
"3.9.x and 3.11.x."
msgstr ""
"CPython 的應用程式二進位介面 (Application Binary Interface, ABI) 在次要版本中"
"是向前和向後相容的（如果它們以相同的方式編譯；請參閱下面的\\ :ref:`stable-"
"abi-platform`\\）。因此，為 Python 3.10.0 編譯的程式碼將能夠在 3.10.8 上運"
"行，反之亦然，但 3.9.x 和 3.11.x 就需要分別編譯。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:21
msgid "There are two tiers of C API with different stability expectations:"
msgstr "C API 有兩層級，有不同的穩定性期望："

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:23
msgid ""
":ref:`Unstable API <unstable-c-api>`, may change in minor versions without a "
"deprecation period. It is marked by the ``PyUnstable`` prefix in names."
msgstr ""
":ref:`不穩定 API <unstable-c-api>`，可能會在次要版本中發生變化，而沒有棄用階"
"段。會在名稱中以 ``PyUnstable`` 前綴來標記。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:25
msgid ""
":ref:`Limited API <limited-c-api>`, is compatible across several minor "
"releases. When :c:macro:`Py_LIMITED_API` is defined, only this subset is "
"exposed from ``Python.h``."
msgstr ""
":ref:`受限 API <limited-c-api>`，在多個次要版本之間相容。當有定義 :c:macro:"
"`Py_LIMITED_API` 時，只有這個子集會從 ``Python.h`` 公開。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:29
msgid "These are discussed in more detail below."
msgstr "下面將更詳細地討論這些內容。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:31
msgid ""
"Names prefixed by an underscore, such as ``_Py_InternalState``, are private "
"API that can change without notice even in patch releases. If you need to "
"use this API, consider reaching out to `CPython developers <https://discuss."
"python.org/c/core-dev/c-api/30>`_ to discuss adding public API for your use "
"case."
msgstr ""
"帶有底線前綴的名稱是私有 API (private API)，像是 ``_Py_InternalState``，即使"
"在補丁版本 (patch release) 中也可能被更改，不會另行通知。如果你需要使用這個 "
"API，可以聯繫 `CPython 開發者 <https://discuss.python.org/c/core-dev/c-"
"api/30>`_ 並針對你的使用方法來討論是否新增公開的 API。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:40
msgid "Unstable C API"
msgstr "不穩定的 C API"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:44
msgid ""
"Any API named with the ``PyUnstable`` prefix exposes CPython implementation "
"details, and may change in every minor release (e.g. from 3.9 to 3.10) "
"without any deprecation warnings. However, it will not change in a bugfix "
"release (e.g. from 3.10.0 to 3.10.1)."
msgstr ""
"任何以 ``PyUnstable`` 前綴命名的 API 都會公開 CPython 實作細節，並可能在每個"
"次要版本中進行更改（例如從 3.9 到 3.10），而不會出現任何棄用警告。但是它不會"
"在錯誤修復發布版本中發生變化（例如從 3.10.0 到 3.10.1）。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:49
msgid ""
"It is generally intended for specialized, low-level tools like debuggers."
msgstr "它通常用於專門的低階工具，例如偵錯器。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:51
msgid ""
"Projects that use this API are expected to follow CPython development and "
"spend extra effort adjusting to changes."
msgstr ""
"使用此 API 的專案應該要遵循 CPython 開發細節，並花費額外的力氣來針對這些變動"
"來做調整。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:56
msgid "Stable Application Binary Interface"
msgstr "穩定的應用程式二進位介面"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:58
msgid ""
"For simplicity, this document talks about *extensions*, but the Limited API "
"and Stable ABI work the same way for all uses of the API – for example, "
"embedding Python."
msgstr ""
"為簡單起見，本文件討論\\ *擴充 (extension)*，但受限 API 和穩定 ABI 在所有 "
"API 使用方式中都以相同的方式運作 -- 例如在嵌入式 Python (embedding Python) "
"中。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:65
msgid "Limited C API"
msgstr "受限 C API"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:67
msgid ""
"Python 3.2 introduced the *Limited API*, a subset of Python's C API. "
"Extensions that only use the Limited API can be compiled once and be loaded "
"on multiple versions of Python. Contents of the Limited API are :ref:`listed "
"below <limited-api-list>`."
msgstr ""
"Python 3.2 引入了\\ *受限 API (Limited API)*，它是 Python C API 的一個子集。"
"僅使用受限 API 的擴充可以只編譯一次就被載入於多個版本的 Python。受限 API 的內"
"容\\ :ref:`列在下方 <limited-api-list>`。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:74
msgid ""
"Define this macro before including ``Python.h`` to opt in to only use the "
"Limited API, and to select the Limited API version."
msgstr ""
"在包含 ``Python.h`` 之前定義此巨集以選擇只使用受限 API，並挑選受限 API 版本。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:77
msgid ""
"Define ``Py_LIMITED_API`` to the value of :c:macro:`PY_VERSION_HEX` "
"corresponding to the lowest Python version your extension supports. The "
"extension will be ABI-compatible with all Python 3 releases from the "
"specified one onward, and can use Limited API introduced up to that version."
msgstr ""
"將 ``Py_LIMITED_API`` 定義為對應於你的擴充有支援的最低 Python 版本的 :c:"
"macro:`PY_VERSION_HEX` 值。該擴充與從指定版本開始的所有 Python 3 版本之 ABI "
"相容，並且可以使用過去版本有引入的受限 API。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:83
msgid ""
"Rather than using the ``PY_VERSION_HEX`` macro directly, hardcode a minimum "
"minor version (e.g. ``0x030A0000`` for Python 3.10) for stability when "
"compiling with future Python versions."
msgstr ""
"與其直接使用 ``PY_VERSION_HEX`` 巨集，不如寫死 (hardcode) 最小次要版本（例如"
"代表 Python 3.10 的 ``0x030A0000``\\ ），以便在使用未來的 Python 版本進行編譯"
"時仍保持穩定性。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:87
msgid ""
"You can also define ``Py_LIMITED_API`` to ``3``. This works the same as "
"``0x03020000`` (Python 3.2, the version that introduced Limited API)."
msgstr ""
"你還可以將 ``Py_LIMITED_API`` 定義為 ``3``，這與 ``0x03020000``\\ （Python "
"3.2，引入了受限 API 的版本）相同。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:94
msgid "Stable ABI"
msgstr "穩定 ABI"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:96
msgid ""
"To enable this, Python provides a *Stable ABI*: a set of symbols that will "
"remain ABI-compatible across Python 3.x versions."
msgstr ""
"為了實現它，Python 提供了一個\\ *穩定 ABI (Stable ABI)*：一組將在各個 Python "
"3.x 版本之間保持 ABI 相容的符號。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:101
msgid ""
"The Stable ABI prevents ABI issues, like linker errors due to missing "
"symbols or data corruption due to changes in structure layouts or function "
"signatures. However, other changes in Python can change the *behavior* of "
"extensions. See Python's Backwards Compatibility Policy (:pep:`387`) for "
"details."
msgstr ""

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:107
msgid ""
"The Stable ABI contains symbols exposed in the :ref:`Limited API <limited-c-"
"api>`, but also other ones – for example, functions necessary to support "
"older versions of the Limited API."
msgstr ""
"穩定 ABI 被包含在\\ :ref:`受限 API <limited-c-api>` 中開放的符號，但也包含其"
"他符號 - 例如，支援舊版受限 API 所必需的函式。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:111
msgid ""
"On Windows, extensions that use the Stable ABI should be linked against "
"``python3.dll`` rather than a version-specific library such as ``python39."
"dll``."
msgstr ""
"在 Windows 上，使用穩定 ABI 的擴充應該連接到 ``python3.dll`` 而不是特定版本的"
"函式庫，例如 ``python39.dll``。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:115
msgid ""
"On some platforms, Python will look for and load shared library files named "
"with the ``abi3`` tag (e.g. ``mymodule.abi3.so``). It does not check if such "
"extensions conform to a Stable ABI. The user (or their packaging tools) need "
"to ensure that, for example, extensions built with the 3.10+ Limited API are "
"not installed for lower versions of Python."
msgstr ""
"在某些平台上，Python 將查找並加載以 ``abi3`` 標籤命名的共享函式庫檔案（例如 "
"``mymodule.abi3.so``\\ ）。它不檢查此類擴充是否符合穩定的 ABI。確保的責任在使"
"用者（或者打包工具）身上，例如使用 3.10+ 受限 API 建置的擴充不會為較低版本的 "
"Python 所安裝。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:122
msgid ""
"All functions in the Stable ABI are present as functions in Python's shared "
"library, not solely as macros. This makes them usable from languages that "
"don't use the C preprocessor."
msgstr ""
"穩定 ABI 中的所有函式都作為函式存在於 Python 的共享函式庫中，而不僅是作為巨"
"集。這使得它們可被用於不使用 C 預處理器 (preprocessor) 的語言。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:128
msgid "Limited API Scope and Performance"
msgstr "受限 API 範圍和性能"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:130
msgid ""
"The goal for the Limited API is to allow everything that is possible with "
"the full C API, but possibly with a performance penalty."
msgstr ""
"受限 API 的目標是允許使用完整的 C API 進行所有可能的操作，但可能會降低性能。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:133
msgid ""
"For example, while :c:func:`PyList_GetItem` is available, its “unsafe” macro "
"variant :c:func:`PyList_GET_ITEM` is not. The macro can be faster because it "
"can rely on version-specific implementation details of the list object."
msgstr ""
"例如，雖然 :c:func:`PyList_GetItem` 可用，但它的「不安全」巨集變體 :c:func:"
"`PyList_GET_ITEM` 為不可用。巨集運行可以更快，因為它可以依賴 list 物件的特定"
"版本實作細節。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:138
msgid ""
"Without ``Py_LIMITED_API`` defined, some C API functions are inlined or "
"replaced by macros. Defining ``Py_LIMITED_API`` disables this inlining, "
"allowing stability as Python's data structures are improved, but possibly "
"reducing performance."
msgstr ""
"如果沒有定義 ``Py_LIMITED_API``，一些 C API 函式將被嵌入或被替換為巨集。定義 "
"``Py_LIMITED_API`` 會禁用嵌入，從而隨著 Python 資料結構的改進而提高穩定性，但"
"可能會降低性能。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:143
msgid ""
"By leaving out the ``Py_LIMITED_API`` definition, it is possible to compile "
"a Limited API extension with a version-specific ABI. This can improve "
"performance for that Python version, but will limit compatibility. Compiling "
"with ``Py_LIMITED_API`` will then yield an extension that can be distributed "
"where a version-specific one is not available – for example, for prereleases "
"of an upcoming Python version."
msgstr ""
"通過省略 ``Py_LIMITED_API`` 定義，可以使用特定版本的 ABI 編譯受限 API 擴充。"
"這可以提高該 Python 版本的性能，但會限制相容性。使用 ``Py_LIMITED_API`` 編譯"
"將產生一個擴充，可以在特定版本的擴充不可用的地方發布 — 例如，用於即將發布的 "
"Python 版本的預發布版本 (prerelease)。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:152
msgid "Limited API Caveats"
msgstr "受限 API 注意事項"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:154
msgid ""
"Note that compiling with ``Py_LIMITED_API`` is *not* a complete guarantee "
"that code conforms to the :ref:`Limited API <limited-c-api>` or the :ref:"
"`Stable ABI <stable-abi>`. ``Py_LIMITED_API`` only covers definitions, but "
"an API also includes other issues, such as expected semantics."
msgstr ""
"請注意，使用 ``Py_LIMITED_API`` 進行編譯\\ *不*\\ 完全保證程式碼符合\\ :ref:`"
"受限 API <limited-c-api>` 或\\ :ref:`穩定 ABI <stable-abi>`。"
"``Py_LIMITED_API`` 僅涵蓋定義，但 API 還包括其他議題，例如預期的語義 "
"(semantic)。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:159
msgid ""
"One issue that ``Py_LIMITED_API`` does not guard against is calling a "
"function with arguments that are invalid in a lower Python version. For "
"example, consider a function that starts accepting ``NULL`` for an argument. "
"In Python 3.9, ``NULL`` now selects a default behavior, but in Python 3.8, "
"the argument will be used directly, causing a ``NULL`` dereference and "
"crash. A similar argument works for fields of structs."
msgstr ""
"``Py_LIMITED_API`` 無法防範的一個問題是使用在較低 Python 版本中無效的引數來呼"
"叫函式。例如一個開始接受 ``NULL`` 作為引數的函式。在 Python 3.9 中，``NULL`` "
"現在代表選擇預設行為，但在 Python 3.8 中，引數將被直接使用，導致 ``NULL`` 取"
"消參照 (dereference) 且崩潰 (crash)。類似的引數適用於結構 (struct) 的欄位。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:166
msgid ""
"Another issue is that some struct fields are currently not hidden when "
"``Py_LIMITED_API`` is defined, even though they're part of the Limited API."
msgstr ""
"另一個問題是，當有定義 ``Py_LIMITED_API`` 時，一些結構欄位目前不會被隱藏，即"
"使它們是受限 API 的一部分。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:169
msgid ""
"For these reasons, we recommend testing an extension with *all* minor Python "
"versions it supports, and preferably to build with the *lowest* such version."
msgstr ""
"出於這些原因，我們建議要以它支援的\\ *所有*\\ 次要 Python 版本來測試擴充，並"
"且最好使用\\ *最低*\\ 版本進行建置。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:172
msgid ""
"We also recommend reviewing documentation of all used API to check if it is "
"explicitly part of the Limited API. Even with ``Py_LIMITED_API`` defined, a "
"few private declarations are exposed for technical reasons (or even "
"unintentionally, as bugs)."
msgstr ""
"我們也建議要查看所有使用過的 API 的文件，檢查它是否明確屬於受限 API。即使有定"
"義 ``Py_LIMITED_API``，一些私有聲明也會因為技術原因（或者甚至是無意地，例如臭"
"蟲）而被公開出來。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:177
msgid ""
"Also note that the Limited API is not necessarily stable: compiling with "
"``Py_LIMITED_API`` with Python 3.8 means that the extension will run with "
"Python 3.12, but it will not necessarily *compile* with Python 3.12. In "
"particular, parts of the Limited API may be deprecated and removed, provided "
"that the Stable ABI stays stable."
msgstr ""
"另請注意，受限 API 不一定是穩定的：在 Python 3.8 中使用 ``Py_LIMITED_API`` 進"
"行編譯意味著擴充將能以 Python 3.12 運行，但不一定能以 Python 3.12 *編譯*。特"
"別是如果穩定 ABI 保持穩定，部分受限 API 可能會被棄用和刪除。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:187
msgid "Platform Considerations"
msgstr "平台注意事項"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:189
msgid ""
"ABI stability depends not only on Python, but also on the compiler used, "
"lower-level libraries and compiler options. For the purposes of the :ref:"
"`Stable ABI <stable-abi>`, these details define a “platform”. They usually "
"depend on the OS type and processor architecture"
msgstr ""
"ABI 穩定性不僅取決於 Python，還取決於使用的編譯器、低階函式庫和編譯器選項。出"
"於\\ :ref:`穩定 ABI <stable-abi>` 的目的，這些細節定義了一個「平台」。它們通"
"常取決於作業系統種類和處理器架構"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:194
msgid ""
"It is the responsibility of each particular distributor of Python to ensure "
"that all Python versions on a particular platform are built in a way that "
"does not break the Stable ABI. This is the case with Windows and macOS "
"releases from ``python.org`` and many third-party distributors."
msgstr ""
"每個特定的 Python 發布者都有責任確保特定平台上的所有 Python 版本都以不破壞穩"
"定 ABI 的方式建置。``python.org`` 和許多第三方發布者發布的 Windows 和 macOS "
"版本就是這種情況。"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:204
msgid "Contents of Limited API"
msgstr "受限 API 的內容"

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:207
msgid ""
"Currently, the :ref:`Limited API <limited-c-api>` includes the following "
"items:"
msgstr "目前，:ref:`受限 API <limited-c-api>` 包括以下項目："

#: ../../c-api/stable.rst:42
msgid "PyUnstable"
msgstr "PyUnstable"