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base repository: iFreeze-Qiu/algorithm
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head repository: qiwsir/algorithm
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Merge pull request qiwsir#12 from yourmoonlight/master
Update ahead_one_step.py
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Merge pull request qiwsir#14 from abhishekbundela/patch-1
updated average_score.py
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Merge pull request qiwsir#16 from Auston/patch-1
Update binary_tree_python.md
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Merge pull request qiwsir#17 from EntropyIncreaser/master
Add the LIS problem with dynamic programming
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#问题 快速排序,这是一个经典的算法,本文给出几种python的写法,供参考。 特别是python能用一句话实现快速排序。 #思路说明 快速排序是C.R.A.Hoare于1962年提出的一种划分交换排序。它采用了一种分治的策略,通常称其为分治法(Divide-and-ConquerMethod)。 (1) 分治法的基本思想 分治法的基本思想是:将原问题分解为若干个规模更小但结构与原问题相似的子问题。递归地解这些子问题,然后将这些子问题的解组合为原问题的解。 (2)快速排序的基本思想 设当前待排序的无序区为R[low..high],利用分治法可将快速排序的基本思想描述为: ###分解: 在R[low..high]中任选一个记录作为基准(Pivot),以此基准将当前无序区划分为左、右两个较小的子区间R[low..pivotpos-1)和R[pivotpos+1..high],并使左边子区间中所有记录的关键字均小于等于基准记录(不妨记为pivot)的关键字pivot.key,右边的子区间中所有记录的关键字均大于等于pivot.key,而基准记录pivot则位于正确的位置(pivotpos)上,它无须参加后续的排序。 注意: 划分的关键是要求出基准记录所在的位置pivotpos。划分的结果可以简单地表示为(注意pivot=R[pivotpos]): R[low..pivotpos-1].keys≤R[pivotpos].key≤R[pivotpos+1..high].keys 其中low≤pivotpos≤high。 ###求解: 通过递归调用快速排序对左、右子区间R[low..pivotpos-1]和R[pivotpos+1..high]快速排序。 ###组合: 因为当"求解"步骤中的两个递归调用结束时,其左、右两个子区间已有序。对快速排序而言,"组合"步骤无须做什么,可看作是空操作。 #解决(Python) #!/usr/bin/env python #coding:utf-8 #方法1 def quickSort(arr): less = [] pivotList = [] more = [] if len(arr) <= 1: return arr else: pivot = arr[0] #将第一个值做为基准 for i in arr: if i < pivot: less.append(i) elif i > pivot: more.append(i) else: pivotList.append(i) less = quickSort(less) #得到第一轮分组之后,继续将分组进行下去。 more = quickSort(more) return less + pivotList + more #方法2 # 分为<, >, = 三种情况,如果分为两种情况的话函数调用次数会增加许多,以后几个好像都有相似的问题 # 如果测试1000个100以内的整数,如果分为<, >=两种情况共调用函数1801次,分为<, >, = 三种情况,共调用函数201次 def qsort(L): return (qsort([y for y in L[1:] if y < L[0]]) + L[:1] + [y for y in L[1:] if y == L[0] + qsort([y for y in L[1:] if y > L[0]])) if len(L) > 1 else L #方法3 #基本思想同上,只是写法上又有所变化 def qsort(list): if not list: return [] else: pivot = list[0] less = [x for x in list if x < pivot] more = [x for x in list[1:] if x >= pivot] return qsort(less) + [pivot] + qsort(more) #方法4 from random import * def qSort(a): if len(a) <= 1: return a else: q = choice(a) #基准的选择不同于前,是从数组中任意选择一个值做为基准 return qSort([elem for elem in a if elem < q]) + [q] * a.count(q) + qSort([elem for elem in a if elem > q]) #方法5 #这个最狠了,一句话搞定快速排序,瞠目结舌吧。 qs = lambda xs : ( (len(xs) <= 1 and [xs]) or [ qs( [x for x in xs[1:] if x < xs[0]] ) + [xs[0]] + qs( [x for x in xs[1:] if x >= xs[0]] ) ] )[0] if __name__=="__main__": a = [4, 65, 2, -31, 0, 99, 83, 782, 1] print quickSort(a) print qSort(a) print qs(a)
Nailcui authoredAug 15, 2016 Configuration menu - View commit details
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Merge pull request qiwsir#20 from ZhangQiaolun/patch-1
Update quick_sort.py
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