{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T00:35:16Z","timestamp":1772930116795,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,26]],"date-time":"2025-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Concurrency and Computation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Routing protocols are pivotal in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs), serving as the backbone for efficient routing discovery, particularly within the realm of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). However, ensuring their seamless functionality within VANET environments necessitates rigorous verification and formal modeling. Colored Timed Petri Nets (CTPNs) stand out as a valuable mathematical and formal method for this purpose. This study shows a new way to describe the Ad hoc On\u2010Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing system in VANETs using CTPNs. There are nine pages of detailed analysis using this new modeling method, which allows you to examine success across many levels of a hierarchy. This study provides a strong foundation for building and testing the AODV routing system in VANETs, showing how well it functions in real\u2010life situations. It is interesting to see how the results of the CTPN\u2013based model and simulations compare. Notably, the model finds routes in an average of 32\u2009s, while tests show that it takes 56\u2009s. Additionally, the model's overall number of sent and received packets closely matches the results from the exercise. Furthermore, the suggested plan shows a yield of 41%. Strict T\u2010tests indicate that the modeling results are highly reliable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.8349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T03:50:36Z","timestamp":1737949836000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["An Innovative Performance Assessment Method for Increasing the Efficiency of <scp>AODV<\/scp> Routing Protocol in <scp>VANETs<\/scp> Through Colored Timed Petri Nets"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4279-8551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arash","family":"Heidari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science \u0130stanbul Atlas University  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Department of Software Engineering Hali\u00e7 University  Istanbul Turkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Ali Jabraeil","family":"Jamali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University  Shabestar Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nima Jafari","family":"Navimipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Kadir Has University  Istanbul Turkey"},{"name":"Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology  Douliou Taiwan"},{"name":"Research Center of High Technologies and Innovative Engineering Western Caspian University  Baku Azerbaijan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-022-09976-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23115259"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2022.103062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2023.103281"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"5887","article-title":"A Geographic Routing Based on Local Traffic Density and Multi\u2010Hop Intersections in VANETs for Intelligent Traffic System in Smart Cities (GRBLTD\u2010MI)","author":"Mehdi B.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Wireless Networks"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ett.4665"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-023-10726-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","article-title":"Maximizing VANET Performance in Cluster Head Selection Using Intelligent Fuzzy Bald Eagle Optimization","author":"Brindha S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vehicular Communications"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iot.2023.100837"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","article-title":"Driver Behaviour Prediction and Enhanced Ad Hoc On\u2010Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol in VANET","author":"Swamynathan C.","journal-title":"International Journal of Communication Systems"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-48956-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3290871"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2022.102996"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3299230"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app13064008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su15064767"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03772063.2021.1886879"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"PKI\u2010SMR: PKI Based Secure Multipath Routing for Unmanned Military Vehicles (UMV) in VANETs","volume":"30","author":"Pandey P. 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