{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T10:05:19Z","timestamp":1775469919877,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618963200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["IET Cyber-Phy Sys Theory &amp;amp; Ap"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This article proposes a model for critical component ranking in power system risk analysis using a proposed cyber\u2010physical betweenness centrality (CPBC) index. Risk assessment, as part of the contingency analysis, is a critical activity that can identify and evaluate component outages that lead to system vulnerability, aiding operators to improve resilience. A power system cyber\u2010physical risk assessment model is proposed that calculates and offers an efficient protection strategy to the system operator based on component vulnerability to adversaries and the impact of compromised assets on the system operation. We present the CPBC index, which traverses generated attack graphs to rank components according to their importance in reducing adversary impact on the power system. The CPBC extends upon betweenness centrality and integrates into analysis, the services and security cost of communications between system components, as well as the likelihood of component exploitation as an adversary medium to the target relays. The proposed model recommends actions, taking into account the interconnections between cyber and physical components as well as cyber\u2010induced Common Vulnerabilities and Exposure scores associated with these connections, thus protecting critical components. The proposed model is implemented on the Cyber\u2010Physical Situational Awareness 8\u2010substation and extended IEEE 300\u2010bus cyber\u2010physical power system models, and results are presented on the impacts of the proposed component ranking model on the security\u2010aware operation of the power system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1049\/cps2.12010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T23:22:46Z","timestamp":1619047366000},"page":"139-150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Cyber\u2010physical component ranking for risk sensitivity analysis using betweenness centrality"],"prefix":"10.1049","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Amarachi","family":"Umunnakwe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&amp;M University  College Station Texas 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