《从 0 到 1 理解 HTTP：协议结构、状态码设计与 RESTful API 最佳实践》

认识HTTP请求与响应的格式

HTTP请求

std::string GetFileContentHelper(const std::string &path)
{
// ⼀份简单的读取⼆进制⽂件的代码
std::ifstream in(path, std::ios::binary);
if (!in.is_open())
     return "";
in.seekg(0, in.end);

int filesize = in.tellg();
in.seekg(0, in.beg); 

std::string content;
content.resize(filesize);
in.read((char *)content.c_str(), filesize);
// std::vector<char> content(filesize);
// in.read(content.data(), filesize);
in.close();
return content;
}

POST方法（重点）

OPTIONS⽅法

HTTP的状态码

HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently\r\n
Location: https://www.new-url.com\r\n

HTTP/1.1 302 Found\r\n
Location: https://www.new-url.com\r\n

HTTP常⻅Header

#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void Usage() {
   printf("usage: ./server [ip] [port]\n");
  }
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
     if (argc != 3) {
        Usage();
       return 1;
    }
int fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
   if (fd < 0) {
     perror("socket");
    return 1;
  }
  struct sockaddr_in addr;
  addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
  addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
int ret = bind(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr));
if (ret < 0) {
 perror("bind");
return 1;
}
ret = listen(fd, 10);
 if (ret < 0) {
    perror("listen");
return 1;
}
 for (;;) {
 struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
   socklen_t len;
   int client_fd = accept(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &len);
if (client_fd < 0) {
     perror("accept");
    continue;
}
   char input_buf[1024 * 10] = {0}; // ⽤⼀个⾜够⼤的缓冲区直接把数据读完.
   ssize_t read_size = read(client_fd, input_buf, sizeof(input_buf) - 1);
   if (read_size < 0) {
    return 1;
}
     printf("[Request] %s", input_buf);
      char buf[1024] = {0};
       const char* hello = "<h1>hello world</h1>";
       sprintf(buf, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\nContent-Length:%lu\n\n%s", strlen(hello),
hello);
    write(client_fd, buf, strlen(buf));
  }
    return 0;
}