SAP-BTP :(2)RAP-创建数据库表

原创已于 2026-05-16 17:35:28 修改 · 176 阅读

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SAP-BTP

于 2026-05-07 11:12:23 首次发布

引言：

在 RAP 四层架构中，数据建模层（CDS View）直接建立在底层数据库表之上，二者是“视图与基表”的关系，但 CDS 提供了远超普通视图的语义化和建模能力。

表是数据的物理存储，CDS 视图是业务的逻辑抽象。RAP 中，所有上层（行为定义、服务绑定、消费）都只与 CDS 视图打交道，完全不直接读写表。表结构的变动只需向后兼容 CDS 视图的契约，真正实现了持久化与业务逻辑的解耦。

下面将进行创建数据表的实操。

步骤1.右键包New > Other ABAP Repository Object，在搜索字段中输入`database`，在列表中选择Database table ，然后选择Next。

在弹出的对话框中保留ZRAP_ATRAV_####作为名称，并填写Description，然后选择下一步

分配一个传输请求并选择完成,表格已创建，默认代码显示在新编辑器中。

将默认源代码替换为下方提供的代码片段，并将所有出现的 #### 替换为你选择的后缀(编辑器会出现红色提示)

 @EndUserText.label : 'Travel data'
 @AbapCatalog.enhancementCategory : #NOT_EXTENSIBLE
 @AbapCatalog.tableCategory : #TRANSPARENT
 @AbapCatalog.deliveryClass : #A
 @AbapCatalog.dataMaintenance : #RESTRICTED
 define table zrap_atrav_#### {
   key client            : mandt not null;
   key travel_uuid       : sysuuid_x16 not null;
   travel_id             : /dmo/travel_id;
   agency_id             : /dmo/agency_id;
   customer_id           : /dmo/customer_id;
   begin_date            : /dmo/begin_date;
   end_date              : /dmo/end_date;
   @Semantics.amount.currencyCode : 'zrap_atrav_####.currency_code'
   booking_fee           : /dmo/booking_fee;
   @Semantics.amount.currencyCode : 'zrap_atrav_####.currency_code'
   total_price           : /dmo/total_price;
   currency_code         : /dmo/currency_code;
   description           : /dmo/description;
   overall_status        : /dmo/overall_status;
   created_by            : syuname;
   created_at            : timestampl;
   last_changed_by       : syuname;
   last_changed_at       : timestampl;
   local_last_changed_at : timestampl;
 }

SQL语法简短说明:

使用了 ABAP 飞行参考场景中的一些数据元素（命名空间 /DMO/）。
表键由CLIENT字段和TRAVEL_UUID字段组成，后者是一个技术键（16字节通用唯一识别码）。
一个人类可读的行程标识符：TRAVEL_ID
字段 CURRENCY_CODE 借助语义注释 @Semantics.amount.currencyCode 被指定为金额字段 BOOKING_FEE 和 TOTAL_PRICE 的货币键
已定义一些标准管理字段：CREATED_BY、CREATED_AT、LAST_CHANGED_BY、LAST_CHANGED_AT 和 LOCAL_LAST_CHANGED_AT

激活后按F8预览（没有的话右键->OPEN WITH ->Data Preview），目前数据库表是空的，所以没有显示任何数据。

根据上述同样的步骤创建一张数据库表 ZRAP_ABOOK_KJ（其中 #### 为你选择的后缀），用于存储预订数据SQL语句代码如下：

@EndUserText.label : 'TEST'
@AbapCatalog.enhancement.category : #NOT_EXTENSIBLE
@AbapCatalog.tableCategory : #TRANSPARENT
@AbapCatalog.deliveryClass : #A
@AbapCatalog.dataMaintenance : #RESTRICTED
define table zrap_abook_kj {

  key client            : mandt not null;
  key booking_uuid      : sysuuid_x16 not null;
  travel_uuid           : sysuuid_x16 not null;
  booking_id            : /dmo/booking_id;
  booking_date          : /dmo/booking_date;
  customer_id           : /dmo/customer_id;
  carrier_id            : /dmo/carrier_id;
  connection_id         : /dmo/connection_id;
  flight_date           : /dmo/flight_date;
  @Semantics.amount.currencyCode : 'zrap_abook_kj.currency_code'
  flight_price          : /dmo/flight_price;
  currency_code         : /dmo/currency_code;
  created_by            : syuname;
  last_changed_by       : syuname;
  local_last_changed_at : timestampl;

}

步骤2.用演示数据填充数据库表

创建一个类，核心代码如下：

 METHOD if_oo_adt_classrun~main.
" delete existing entries in the database table
DELETE FROM zrap_atrav_####.
DELETE FROM zrap_abook_####.


" insert travel demo data
INSERT zrap_atrav_#### FROM (
SELECT
FROM /dmo/travel
FIELDS
uuid(  )      AS travel_uuid           ,
travel_id     AS travel_id             ,
agency_id     AS agency_id             ,
customer_id   AS customer_id           ,
begin_date    AS begin_date            ,
end_date      AS end_date              ,
booking_fee   AS booking_fee           ,
total_price   AS total_price           ,
currency_code AS currency_code         ,
description   AS description           ,
CASE status
WHEN 'B' THEN 'A' " accepted
WHEN 'X' THEN 'X' " cancelled
ELSE 'O'          " open
END           AS overall_status        ,
createdby     AS created_by            ,
createdat     AS created_at            ,
lastchangedby AS last_changed_by       ,
lastchangedat AS last_changed_at       ,
lastchangedat AS local_last_changed_at
ORDER BY travel_id UP TO 200 ROWS
).
COMMIT WORK.


" insert booking demo data
INSERT zrap_abook_#### FROM (
SELECT
FROM   /dmo/booking    AS booking
JOIN zrap_atrav_#### AS z
ON   booking~travel_id = z~travel_id
FIELDS
uuid( )                 AS booking_uuid          ,
z~travel_uuid           AS travel_uuid           ,
booking~booking_id      AS booking_id            ,
booking~booking_date    AS booking_date          ,
booking~customer_id     AS customer_id           ,
booking~carrier_id      AS carrier_id            ,
booking~connection_id   AS connection_id         ,
booking~flight_date     AS flight_date           ,
booking~flight_price    AS flight_price          ,
booking~currency_code   AS currency_code         ,
z~created_by            AS created_by            ,
z~last_changed_by       AS last_changed_by       ,
z~last_changed_at       AS local_last_changed_by
).
COMMIT WORK.


out->write( 'Travel and booking demo data inserted.').
ENDMETHOD.