Spring之Bean的生命周期

一、生命周期图

1、Instantiate：bean对象实例化
2、Populate properties：封装属性
3、如果Bean实现BeanNameAware接口，执行setBeanName方法
4、如果Bean实现BeanFactoryAware接口，执行setBeanFactory方法，获取Spring容器
5、如果存在类实现BeanPostProcessor接口(后处理Bean)，执行postProcessBeforeInitialization方法
6、如果Bean实现InitializingBean接口，执行afterPropertiesSet方法
7、调用<bean init-method=“init”>指定初始化方法init
8、如果存在类实现BeanPostProcessor接口(处理Bean)，执行postProcessAfterInitialization方法
执行业务处理
9、如果Bean实现DisposableBean接口，执行destroy方法
10、调用<bean destroy-method=“customerDestroy”>，指定销毁方法customerDestroy

二、示例代码如下

User.java

package com.zzu.model;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.*;

public class User implements BeanNameAware,BeanFactoryAware,InitializingBean,DisposableBean {

    private String username;
    private String password;

    public User() {
        System.out.println("1.实例化");
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        System.out.println("2.属性赋值:" + username);
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public void setBeanName(String s) {
        System.out.println("3.设置bean的名字:" + s);
    }

    @Override
    public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
        //把对象放进工厂，放进容器
        System.out.println("4.bean工厂:" + beanFactory);
    }

    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("6.属性赋值完成");
    }

    public void myInit(){
        System.out.println("7.自定义的初始化方法");
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() throws Exception {
        //资源释放
        System.out.println("9.bean被销毁");
    }

    public void myDestroy(){
        //资源释放
        System.out.println("10.自定义的销毁方法");
    }
}

MyBeanPostProcessor.java

package com.zzu.model;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;

public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
    @Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        //可以用于多个对象共同的事务处理
        System.out.println("5.预处理：" + bean + ":" + beanName);
        return bean;
    }

    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("8.后处理：" + bean + ":" + beanName);
        return bean;
    }
}

spring-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="user" class="com.zzu.model.User" init-method="myInit" destroy-method="myDestroy">
        <property name="username" value="Tom"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置bean的处理器-->
    <bean class="com.zzu.model.MyBeanPostProcessor"></bean>
</beans>

Test.java

package com.zzu.test;

import com.zzu.model.User;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ApplicationContext context =
                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml");
        User user = (User) context.getBean("user");
        System.out.println(user);

        //关闭容器
        context.getClass().getMethod("close").invoke(context);
    }
}

三、运行结果如下图