技术逆向英语|202602013

第一段

• 原文：
  It is good news that they will receive a down payment to buy a second-hand small truck next week. The truck can be used to launch a freight business to help them overcome their poor and vulnerable status. The remaining cost will be covered by volunteers. Although the truck is not expensive, it is truly valuable to them.

• 语法结构分析：

  1. 第一句：

     • 句子类型： 复合句。
     • 主句： It is good news… (形式主语 “It” + 系动词 “is” + 主语补足语/表语 “good news”)
     • 从句： …that they will receive a down payment to buy a second-hand small truck next week. (由 “that” 引导的主语从句，是句子真正的主语)
       • 从句内部结构：
         • 主语：They
         • 谓语：will receive (一般将来时)
         • 宾语：a down payment
         • 定语：to buy a second-hand small truck (动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰 “down payment”)
         • 状语：next week (时间状语)

  2. 第二句：

     • 句子类型： 简单句。
     • 结构：
       • 主语：The truck
       • 谓语：can be used (情态动词 “can” + 被动语态 “be used”)
       • 状语：to launch a freight business (动词不定式短语作目的状语)
       • 状语：to help them overcome their poor and vulnerable status (动词不定式短语作进一步的目的状语，其中 “overcome their poor and vulnerable status” 是省略了 “to” 的不定式短语作 “help” 的宾语补足语)

  3. 第三句：

     • 句子类型： 简单句。
     • 结构：
       • 主语：The remaining cost
       • 谓语：will be covered (一般将来时的被动语态)
       • 状语：by volunteers (介词短语作状语，引出动作的执行者)

  4. 第四句：

     • 句子类型： 复合句。
     • 从句（让步状语从句）： Although the truck is not expensive… (由 “Although” 引导)
       • 主语：the truck
       • 谓语：is (系动词)
       • 主语补足语/表语：not expensive
     • 主句： …it is truly valuable to them.
       • 主语：it
       • 谓语：is (系动词)
       • 主语补足语/表语：truly valuable
       • 状语：to them (介词短语作状语，表对象)

第二段

• 原文：
  Some in our team who are on opposite ends of a huge chasm were absent from the afternoon event.

• 语法结构分析：

  • 句子类型： 复合句。
  • 主句： Some… were absent from the afternoon event.
    • 主语：Some (代词)
    • 谓语：were absent (系动词 “were” + 形容词 “absent”)
    • 状语：from the afternoon event (介词短语作状语)
  • 定语从句： …in our team who are on opposite ends of a huge chasm… (修饰主语 “Some”)
    • 引导词：who (关系代词，在从句中作主语)
    • 从句主语：who
    • 从句谓语：are (系动词)
    • 从句主语补足语/表语：on opposite ends of a huge chasm (介词短语)
    • 备注：“in our team” 是介词短语作后置定语，同样修饰 “Some”，可以理解为 “Some (who are) in our team”。

第三段

• 原文：
  The company audited the fund and promised to put more money on the table. This money will be used to aid the victims in the region that faced major natural damage last week.

• 语法结构分析：

  1. 第一句：

     • 句子类型： 简单句（包含并列谓语）。
     • 结构：
       • 主语：The company
       • 谓语1：audited (及物动词，一般过去时)
       • 宾语1：the fund
       • 连词：and
       • 谓语2：promised (及物动词，一般过去时)
       • 宾语2：to put more money on the table (动词不定式短语作宾语)

  2. 第二句：

     • 句子类型： 复合句。
     • 主句： This money will be used to aid the victims in the region…
       • 主语：This money
       • 谓语：will be used (一般将来时的被动语态)
       • 状语：to aid the victims in the region (动词不定式短语作目的状语，其中 “in the region” 是介词短语作后置定语修饰 “victims”)
     • 定语从句： …that faced major natural damage last week. (修饰 “the region”)
       • 引导词：that (关系代词，在从句中作主语)
       • 从句主语：that
       • 从句谓语：faced (及物动词，一般过去时)
       • 从句宾语：major natural damage
       • 从句状语：last week (时间状语)