后端模拟前端请求上传文件的接口

原创已于 2024-11-20 11:24:24 修改 · 319 阅读

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#前端

于 2024-11-20 10:58:32 首次发布

1.引入依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.13</version>
</dependency>

2.模拟前端请求上传文件接口

public String upload() throws Exception{
        // 文件路径
        File file = new File("path/to/your/file.txt");

        // 构建 HTTP 客户端
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        // 构建 HTTP POST 请求
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/upload");

        // 构建 multipart 请求体
        HttpEntity multipartEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create()
                //上传的文件
                .addBinaryBody("file", file, ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY, file.getName())
                //添加参数
                .addTextBody("param1", "value1")
                .addTextBody("param2", "value2")
                .build();

        httpPost.setEntity(multipartEntity);

        // 发送请求并获取响应
        try (CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost)) {
            // 输出响应
            System.out.println("Response status: " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity != null) {
                System.out.println("Response body: " + EntityUtils.toString(entity));
                return EntityUtils.toString(entity);
            }
        }
        return "";
    }

3.后端接受文件接口

@PostMapping("/upload")
public R uploadFil(FileInfo fileInfo, MultipartFile file) {
    // 处理业务
}

补充：使用RestTemplate 发送请求

    public String upload() throws Exception{
        // 文件路径
        File file = new File("path/to/your/file.txt");

        // 创建 RestTemplate 实例
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

        // 构建 MultiValueMap 作为请求体
        MultiValueMap<String, Object> body = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
        FileSystemResource fileResource = new FileSystemResource(file);
        body.add("file", fileResource);
        body.add("param1", "value1");
        body.add("param2", "value2");

        // 设置请求头
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.setContentType(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA);

        // 创建 HttpEntity
        HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, Object>> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<>(body, headers);

        // 发送 POST 请求
        ResponseEntity<String> response = restTemplate.postForEntity("http://localhost:8080/upload", requestEntity, String.class);

        // 输出响应
        System.out.println("Response status: " + response.getStatusCode());
        System.out.println("Response body: " + response.getBody());
        return response.getBody();
    }