关于Fragment + RecyclerView + Toolbar + BottomNavigationView的组合应用

原创于 2019-05-30 23:57:12 发布 · 1.1k 阅读

本内容遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议

该博客主要介绍了RecyclerView的网格布局，以及解决Toolbar和RecyclerView覆盖问题的方法。包括在AndroidManifest.xml设置主题、添加布局文件、创建适配器和Fragment等步骤，还给出了相关示例和参考文献，供技术可行性验证参考。

主要介绍RecyclerView的网格布局以及解决Toolbar和RecyclerView的覆盖问题，方法如下：

1.在AndroidManifest.xml文件中设置主题

第一步，在styles.xml中添加：

<style name="AppTheme.NoActionBar">
    <item name="windowActionBar">false</item>
    <item name="windowNoTitle">true</item>
</style>

第二步，在AndroidManifest.xml设置主题为：
android:theme="@style/AppTheme.NoActionBar"

2.在layout目录中添加RecyclerView的单元文件布局文件recyclerview_item.xml，文件内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/item_icon"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/item_title"
        android:text="名称"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />
</LinearLayout>

3.在drawble目录下添加导航菜单的样式文件bottom_navigation_item_selector.xml，文件内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:color="@color/theme" android:state_checked="true" />
    <item android:color="@color/bottom_navigation_normal" android:state_checked="false" />
</selector>

4.在布局文件activity_main.xml中，设置Fragment和导航菜单BottomNavigationView，并且去除Toobar，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/container"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/ll_frameLayout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_above="@id/nav_view" />

    <android.support.design.widget.BottomNavigationView
        android:id="@+id/nav_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="0dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="0dp"
        android:background="?android:attr/windowBackground"
        app:itemIconTint="@drawable/bottom_navigation_item_selector"
        app:itemTextColor="@drawable/bottom_navigation_item_selector"
        app:labelVisibilityMode="labeled"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:menu="@menu/main_bottom_navigation" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

5.在layout文件夹中新建Fragment的布局文件，如fragment_contact.xml，注意添加AppBarLayout和SwipeRefreshLayout，并且最外层为CoordinatorLayout布局，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">

    <android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout
        android:id="@+id/appbar"
        android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
        android:layout_width="match_parent">
        <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
            android:id="@+id/toolbar"
            android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            app:titleTextColor="@color/write">
        </android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar>
    </android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>

    <android.support.v4.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout
        android:id="@+id/srl_flash"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior">
        <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
            android:id="@+id/recycle_view"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
    </android.support.v4.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout>
</android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

6.创建文件GridSpacingItemDecoration.java，内容如下：

package com.masswiz.logistics;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.GradientDrawable;
import android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.support.v7.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager;
import android.view.View;

public class GridSpacingItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
    private String TAG = getClass().getSimpleName();
    private static final int[] ATTRS = new int[]{android.R.attr.listDivider};
    private Drawable divider;

    public GridSpacingItemDecoration(Context context) {
        final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(ATTRS);
        divider = a.getDrawable(0);
        a.recycle();
    }

    public GridSpacingItemDecoration(Drawable drawable) {
        divider = drawable;
    }

    public GridSpacingItemDecoration(int height, int color) {
        GradientDrawable shapeDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
        shapeDrawable.setColor(color);
        shapeDrawable.setShape(GradientDrawable.RECTANGLE);
        shapeDrawable.setSize(height, height);
        divider = shapeDrawable;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDraw(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent, RecyclerView.State state) {
        drawHorizontal(c, parent);
        drawVertical(c, parent);
    }

    private int getSpanCount(RecyclerView parent) {
        // 列数
        int spanCount = -1;
        RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager();
        if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager) {
            spanCount = ((GridLayoutManager) layoutManager).getSpanCount();
        } else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager) {
            spanCount = ((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager).getSpanCount();
        }
        return spanCount;
    }

    public void drawHorizontal(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) {
        int childCount = parent.getChildCount(); //获取可见item的数量
        int spanCount = getSpanCount(parent);
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
            final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            final int left = child.getLeft() - params.leftMargin;
            final int right = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin + divider.getIntrinsicWidth();
            final int top = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin;
            final int bottom = top + divider.getIntrinsicHeight();
            divider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
            divider.draw(c);
            if (i < spanCount) { //画第一行顶部的分割线
                drawHorizontalForFirstRow(c, child);
            }
        }
    }

    private void drawHorizontalForFirstRow(Canvas c, View child) {
        final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
        int left = child.getLeft() - params.leftMargin - divider.getIntrinsicWidth();
        int top = child.getTop() - params.topMargin - divider.getIntrinsicHeight();
        int right = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin + divider.getIntrinsicWidth();
        int bottom = top + divider.getIntrinsicHeight();
        divider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
        divider.draw(c);
    }

    private void drawVerticalForFirstColum(Canvas c, View child) {
        final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
        int left = child.getLeft() - params.leftMargin - divider.getIntrinsicWidth();
        int top = child.getTop() - params.topMargin;
        int right = child.getLeft() - params.leftMargin;
        int bottom = top + child.getHeight() + divider.getIntrinsicHeight();
        divider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
        divider.draw(c);
    }

    public void drawVertical(Canvas c, RecyclerView parent) {
        final int childCount = parent.getChildCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            final View child = parent.getChildAt(i);
            final RecyclerView.LayoutParams params = (RecyclerView.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
            final int top = child.getTop() - params.topMargin;
            final int bottom = child.getBottom() + params.bottomMargin;
            final int left = child.getRight() + params.rightMargin;
            final int right = left + divider.getIntrinsicWidth();
            divider.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
            divider.draw(c);
            if (isFirstColum(parent, i, getSpanCount(parent))) { //画第一列左边分割线
                drawVerticalForFirstColum(c, child);
            }
        }
    }

    private boolean isLastColum(RecyclerView parent, int pos, int spanCount, int childCount) {
        RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager();
        if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager) {
            if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0)// 如果是最后一列，则不需要绘制右边
            {
                return true;
            }
        } else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager) {
            int orientation = ((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager).getOrientation();
            if (orientation == StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL) {
                if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0)// 如果是最后一列，则不需要绘制右边
                {
                    return true;
                }
            } else {
                childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount;
                if (pos >= childCount)// 如果是最后一列，则不需要绘制右边
                    return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    private boolean isLastRaw(RecyclerView parent, int pos, int spanCount, int childCount) {
        RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager();
        if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager) {
            childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount;
            if (pos >= childCount)// 如果是最后一行，则不需要绘制底部
                return true;
        } else if (layoutManager instanceof StaggeredGridLayoutManager) {
            int orientation = ((StaggeredGridLayoutManager) layoutManager).getOrientation();
            if (orientation == StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL) {
                childCount = childCount - childCount % spanCount;
                // 如果是最后一行，则不需要绘制底部
                if (pos >= childCount)
                    return true;
            } else
            {
                // 如果是最后一行，则不需要绘制底部
                if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 0) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    //是否为第一列
    private boolean isFirstColum(RecyclerView parent, int pos, int spanCount) {
        RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = parent.getLayoutManager();
        if (layoutManager instanceof GridLayoutManager) { //网格布局
            if ((pos + 1) % spanCount == 1) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    //是否为第一行
    private boolean isFirstRaw(int pos, int spanCount) {
        if (pos < spanCount) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void getItemOffsets(Rect outRect, int itemPosition, RecyclerView parent) {
        int spanCount = getSpanCount(parent); //列数
        if (itemPosition == 0) { //第一行第一个，四边都画
            outRect.set(divider.getIntrinsicWidth(), divider.getIntrinsicHeight(),
                    divider.getIntrinsicWidth(), divider.getIntrinsicHeight());
        } else if (isFirstRaw(itemPosition, spanCount)) { //第一行，画上下右三边
            outRect.set(0, divider.getIntrinsicHeight(), divider.getIntrinsicWidth(), divider.getIntrinsicHeight());
        } else if (isFirstColum(parent, itemPosition, spanCount)) { //第一列，画左右下三边
            outRect.set(divider.getIntrinsicWidth(), 0, divider.getIntrinsicWidth(), divider.getIntrinsicHeight());
        } else { //其他，画右下两边
            outRect.set(0, 0, divider.getIntrinsicWidth(), divider.getIntrinsicHeight());
        }
    }
}

7.创建RecycleViewAdapter.java文件，且ViewHolder为RecycleViewAdapter的public static内部类，注意RecyclerView.Adapter的模板为内部类RecycleViewAdapter.ViewHolder，文件内容如下：

package com.masswiz.logistics;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.List;

public class RecycleViewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecycleViewAdapter.ViewHolder>{
    private List<String> strings;
    private Context m_context;

    public RecycleViewAdapter(Context context, List<String> strings) {
        this.strings = strings;
        m_context = context;
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        int ret = 0;
        if (strings != null) {
            ret = strings.size();
        }
        return ret;
    }

    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup viewGroup, int i) {
        // 不需要检查是否复用，因为只要进入此方法，必然没有复用
        // 因为RecyclerView 通过Holder检查复用
        // R.layout.recycleview_item为layout文件夹下的recycleview_item.xml布局文件，如果没有要新建
        View v = LayoutInflater.from(m_context).inflate(R.layout.recycleview_item, null, false);
        return new ViewHolder(v);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull RecycleViewAdapter.ViewHolder viewHolder, int i) {
        viewHolder.m_text.setText(strings.get(i));
        int resId = R.mipmap.ic_launcher;
        int index = i % 5;
        switch (index){
            case 0:
                resId = R.mipmap.ic_launcher;
                break;
            case 1:
                resId = R.mipmap.ic_launcher_round;
                break;
            case 2:
                resId = R.mipmap.ic_launcher;
                break;
        }
        viewHolder.m_image.setImageResource(resId);
    }

    public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder implements View.OnClickListener {
        public ImageView m_image;
        public TextView m_text;

        public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            // 通常ViewHolder的构造，就是用于获取控件视图的
            m_image = (ImageView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_icon);
            m_text = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_title);
            // TODO 后续处理点击事件的操作
            itemView.setOnClickListener(this);
        }

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            int position = getAdapterPosition();
            Context context = m_image.getContext();
            Toast.makeText(context,"显示第"+position+"个项", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
}

8.新建使用RecycleView、Toolbar的使用类文件ContactsFragment.java，内容如下：

package com.masswiz.logistics;

import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author Evan_zch
 * @date 2018/8/23 20:41
 */
public class ContactsFragment extends Fragment {
    private List<String> m_data;
    private RecyclerView m_recyclerView;
    //自定义适配器，继承RecyclerView.Adapter
    private RecycleViewAdapter m_recycleViewAdapter;
    GridLayoutManager m_layoutManager;

    AppCompatActivity mAppCompatActivity;
    Toolbar m_toolbar;

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_contacts, container, false);
        Context context = getContext();
        m_recyclerView = (RecyclerView)view.findViewById(R.id.recycle_view);
        m_layoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(context, 3);
        m_recyclerView.setLayoutManager(m_layoutManager);
        m_recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new GridSpacingItemDecoration(context));
        m_recyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
        m_recycleViewAdapter = new RecycleViewAdapter(context, m_data);
        m_recyclerView.setAdapter(m_recycleViewAdapter);

        m_toolbar = (Toolbar)view.findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        mAppCompatActivity = (AppCompatActivity) getActivity();
        mAppCompatActivity.setSupportActionBar(m_toolbar);
        m_toolbar.setTitle("返回");
        setHasOptionsMenu(true);

        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) {
        super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu,inflater);
        //此处R.menu.main_bottom_navigation可以替换成R.menu中人一个单独的菜单
        inflater.inflate(R.menu.main_bottom_navigation, menu);
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        m_data = new ArrayList<>();
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
        m_data.add("订单");
    }
}

7.以此类推，可以新建N个Fragment在Activity中，此文在MainActivity.java中创建了四个Fragment，内容如下：

package com.masswiz.logistics;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.design.widget.BottomNavigationView;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.masswiz.logistics.utils.BottomNavigationViewHelper;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private TextView mTextMessage;

    private Toolbar mToolbar;
    private int lastIndex;
    private BottomNavigationView mBottomNavigationView;
    List<Fragment> mFragments;



    public void initView() {
        mToolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        BottomNavigationView navView = findViewById(R.id.nav_view);
        mTextMessage = findViewById(R.id.message);

        initView();
        initBottomNavigation();
        initData();
    }

    public void initData() {

        setSupportActionBar(mToolbar);

        mFragments = new ArrayList<>();
        mFragments.add(new MessageFragment());
        mFragments.add(new ContactsFragment());
        mFragments.add(new DiscoverFragment());
        mFragments.add(new AccountFragment());

        // 初始化展示MessageFragment
        setFragmentPosition(0);
    }

    public void initBottomNavigation() {
        mBottomNavigationView = findViewById(R.id.nav_view);
        // 解决当item大于三个时，非平均布局问题
        BottomNavigationViewHelper.disableShiftMode(mBottomNavigationView);
        mBottomNavigationView.setOnNavigationItemSelectedListener(new BottomNavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener() {

            @Override
            public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
                switch (item.getItemId()) {
                    case R.id.menu_message:
                        setFragmentPosition(0);
                        break;
                    case R.id.menu_contacts:
                        setFragmentPosition(1);
                        break;
                    case R.id.menu_discover:
                        setFragmentPosition(2);
                        break;
                    case R.id.menu_me:
                        setFragmentPosition(3);
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
                // 这里注意返回true,否则点击失效
                return true;
            }
        });
    }

    private void setFragmentPosition(int position) {
        FragmentTransaction ft = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
        Fragment currentFragment = mFragments.get(position);
        Fragment lastFragment = mFragments.get(lastIndex);
        lastIndex = position;

        ft.hide(lastFragment);
        if (!currentFragment.isAdded()) {
            getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().remove(currentFragment).commit();
            ft.add(R.id.ll_frameLayout, currentFragment);
        }
        ft.show(currentFragment);
        ft.commitAllowingStateLoss();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
        super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
    }
}