pi安装vnc

0、环境：

debian10的操作系统，
arm-v8，64位开发板子

vnc介绍：

1、更新源：

#deb [ trusted=yes arch=arm64 ] http://uos-packages.deepin.com/uos eagle main contrib non-free
#deb [ trusted=yes arch=arm64 ] http://uos-packages.deepin.com/printer eagle non-free
#deb [ trusted=yes arch=arm64 ] http://mirrors.aliyun.com/uos eagle main contrib non-free
#deb [ trusted=yes arch=arm64 ] http://mirrors.aliyun.com/printer eagle non-free

deb [ trusted=yes arch=arm64 ] http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb [ trusted=yes arch=arm64 ] http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates  main non-free contrib
deb [ trusted=yes arch=arm64 ] http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports  main non-free contrib
deb [ trusted=yes arch=arm64 ] http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib

deb-src [ trusted=yes arch=arm64 ] http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster main non-free contrib
deb-src [ trusted=yes arch=arm64 ] http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-updates  main non-free contrib
deb-src [ trusted=yes arch=arm64 ] http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ buster-backports  main non-free contrib
deb-src [ trusted=yes arch=arm64 ] http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ buster/updates main non-free contrib

之后再：

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

因为之前有安装gmetad的东西，所以先把这玩意给拆卸了，从开机启动的服务中给删除：

sudo rm -rf /etc/init.d/gmetad
sudo  rm -rf /lib/systemd/system/gmetad.service

2、安装vnc

2.1、 安装Xfce桌面环境

sudo apt install xfce4 xfce4-goodies   

2.2、安装TightVNC服务器

sudo apt install tightvncserver     

要在安装后完成VNC服务器的初始配置，请使用vncserver命令设置安全密码并创建初始配置文件：

vncserver   // 完成初始化，会有一些密码的输入：因为有6-8位的限制所以设置为raspberr

稍等半分钟等待初始化完成

ps -ef | grep vnc  // 查看,可以看到已经启动了vncserver，端口5901已经在监听了

2.3、配置VNC服务器

在上一步中已经创建了vnc的启动脚本：在~/.vnc/下的xstartup配置文件中，我们想自己设置启动程序：
首先停止在端口5901上运行的VNC服务器实例

vncserver -kill :1

备份

mv ~/.vnc/xstartup ~/.vnc/xstartup.bak  备份

编写自己的启动文件：

vim  ~/.vnc/xstartup
 
#!/bin/bash      // 配置文件内容
xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
startxfce4 &

增加执行权限，并重启

chmod +x xstartup # 如果不给执行权限，客户端显示出来的没影雪花

启动vncserver

vncserver 重启

看到

New 'X' desktop is pi0048:1

Starting applications specified in /home/pi/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/pi/.vnc/pi0048:1.log

就算成功了

2.4、使用客户端连接

1、使用本机命令测试：

ssh -L 5901:127.0.0.1:5901 -C -N -l pi 192.168.43.196

会显示：
$ ssh -L 5901:127.0.0.1:5901 -C -N -l pi 192.168.43.196
# bind [127.0.0.1]:5901: Address already in use

2、使用客服端尝试连接：

通过ip和端口进行连接：
我使用的客服端是VNC Viewer
如果服务器使用vncserver命令开启vnc服务时候显示信息如下：则客户端连接的端口是：5903 （：1也即是5901被占用，：2也即是5902被占用）

pi@pi0046:~/.vnc$ vncserver

Warning: pi0046:1 is taken because of /tmp/.X1-lock
Remove this file if there is no X server pi0046:1

Warning: pi0046:2 is taken because of /tmp/.X2-lock
Remove this file if there is no X server pi0046:2

New 'X' desktop is pi0046:3

Starting applications specified in /home/pi/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/pi/.vnc/pi0046:3.log

如果正常就：

然后显示如下就是成功了、

3、将VNC作为系统服务运行

编写成为系统服务的脚本：

sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@.service

#内容：
[Unit]
Description=Start TightVNC server at startup
After=syslog.target network.target
 
[Service]
Type=forking
User=sammy
Group=sammy
WorkingDirectory=/home/sammy
 
PIDFile=/home/sammy/.vnc/%H:%i.pid
ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :%i > /dev/null 2>&1
ExecStart=/usr/bin/vncserver -depth 24 -geometry 1280x800 :%i
ExecStop=/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :%i
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

重新加载系统服务

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

启用单位文件。

sudo systemctl enable vncserver@1.service

使用系统命令开启服务，不过失败了，以后再搞吧

sudo systemctl start vncserver@1 

失败了：

$ systemctl status vncserver@1.service
● vncserver@1.service - Start TightVNC server at startup
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/vncserver@.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Fri 2021-06-18 15:56:26 CST; 2min 25s ago
  Process: 10083 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1 > /dev/null 2>&1 (code=exited, status=216/GROUP)
  Process: 10084 ExecStart=/usr/bin/vncserver -depth 24 -geometry 1280x800 :1 (code=exited, status=216/GROUP)

Jun 18 15:56:26 pi0048 systemd[1]: Starting Start TightVNC server at startup...
Jun 18 15:56:26 pi0048 systemd[10083]: vncserver@1.service: Failed to determine group credentials: No such process
Jun 18 15:56:26 pi0048 systemd[10083]: vncserver@1.service: Failed at step GROUP spawning /usr/bin/vncserver: No such process
Jun 18 15:56:26 pi0048 systemd[10084]: vncserver@1.service: Failed to determine group credentials: No such process
Jun 18 15:56:26 pi0048 systemd[10084]: vncserver@1.service: Failed at step GROUP spawning /usr/bin/vncserver: No such process
Jun 18 15:56:26 pi0048 systemd[1]: vncserver@1.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=216/GROUP
Jun 18 15:56:26 pi0048 systemd[1]: vncserver@1.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Jun 18 15:56:26 pi0048 systemd[1]: Failed to start Start TightVNC server at startup.

4、参考

参考