本文档详细介绍了Struts2框架的初步使用，包括配置步骤，如设置Maven项目、配置过滤器、框架配置文件的创建。此外，还探讨了三种传参方式：ModelDriver接口、set属性及通过对象属性传参。最后，讲解了Struts2与Tomcat的集成方法。
目标：
一：struts的配置
二：struts的动态方法调用
三：struts的传参
四：struts与tomcat的集成
一：struts的配置
第一步：导依赖（pom.xml）
首先在左侧菜单栏右键
然后点击Maven Project,再点击Next
继续Next
然后Catalog选择Internal,Filter选择最后一个，然后继续Next
然后Group Id为包名，Artifact Id为项目名，然后Finish
然后这一步还需要将jar包改为1.8
修改pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.lj</groupId>
<artifactId>Lj_hibernate</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Lj_hibernate Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>Lj_hibernate</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
右键项目找到Poperties
点击Project Facets,将Java改为1.8
两个方法都是修改jar，将Dynamic Web Module改为3.1，然后点击黄色条里面的链接
将Content directory改为src/mainwebapp就可以了
然后添加依赖
依赖：
<dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>4.0.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId> <version>2.5.13</version> </dependency>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.lj</groupId>
<artifactId>T269_struts</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>T269_struts Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>2.5.13</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>T269_struts</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
第二步：做配置（配置过滤器）
首先找到web.xml
修改成：
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
注意：maven项目的结构
第三步：框架配置文件
将（struts-base.xml、struts-sy.xml、struts.xml）放入src/main/resources中
struts-base.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
<constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />
<package name="base" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
<global-allowed-methods>regex:.*</global-allowed-methods>
</package>
</struts>
struts-sy.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
<action name="/demo1" class="" method=""></action>
</package>
</struts>
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!-- 引入了struts的默认配置 -->
<include file="struts-default.xml"></include>
<!-- 开发人员对struts框架的基本配置 -->
<include file="struts-base.xml"></include>
<!-- 项目涉及到的模块，分文件管理 -->
<include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
</struts>
第四步：开发写web层
首先创建一个web层（Demo1Action）
package com.lj.one.web;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport{
public String add() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("add方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String del() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("del方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String edit() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("edit方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
}
然后创建两个页面
bookEdit
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>成功界面</h1>
</body>
</html>
demo1
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>struts动态方法调用</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a><br>
</body>
</html>
然后写配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
<!-- {1}代表第一个* -->
<action name="/demo1_*" class="com.lj.one.web.Demo1Action" method="{1}">
<result name="bookEdit">/bookEdit.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
使用{2}方法
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
<!-- {1}代表第一个* -->
<action name="/demo1_*_*" class="com.sg.one.web.Demo1Action" method="{1}">
<result name="{2}">/{2}.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>struts动态方法调用</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add_bookEdit.action">新增</a><br>
</body>
</html>
结果：
这个时候前三个点击就会报错了，因为后面那里没有改为第二种方法
三：struts的传参
1：ModelDriver接口传参
新建一个实体类
package com.lj.one.entity;
public class User {
private String uid;
private String uname;
public String getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(String uid) {
this.uid = uid;
}
public String getUname() {
return uname;
}
public void setUname(String uname) {
this.uname = uname;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [uid=" + uid + ", uname=" + uname + "]";
}
}
实现模型驱动接口
package com.lj.one.web;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.lj.one.entity.User;
public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>{
private User user1=new User();
public String add() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("add方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String del() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("del方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String edit() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("edit方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String list() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("list方法、、、");
System.out.println(user1);
return "bookEdit";
}
@Override
public User getModel() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return user1;
}
}
demo1.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>struts动态方法调用</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add_bookEdit.action">新增</a><br>
<h3>struts的传参</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_list.action?uid=001&&uname=zs">ModelDriver接口传参</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_edit.action">set属性传参</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">通过对象属性传参</a><br>
</body>
</html>
运行结果：
二：set属性传参
在子控制器新建一个sex
package com.lj.one.web;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.lj.one.entity.User;
public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>{
private User user1=new User();
private String sex;
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String add() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("add方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String del() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("del方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String edit() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("edit方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String list() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("list方法、、、");
System.out.println(user1);
System.out.println(sex);
return "bookEdit";
}
@Override
public User getModel() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return user1;
}
}
demo1.xml
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>struts动态方法调用</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add_bookEdit.action">新增</a><br>
<h3>struts的传参</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_list.action?uid=001&&uname=zs">ModelDriver接口传参</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_list.action?sex=nv">set属性传参</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">通过对象属性传参</a><br>
</body>
</html>
结果展示：
三：通过对象属性传参
新建一个对象
package com.lj.one.web;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.lj.one.entity.User;
public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>{
private User user1=new User();
private String sex;
private User user2;
public User getUser1() {
return user1;
}
public void setUser1(User user1) {
this.user1 = user1;
}
public User getUser2() {
return user2;
}
public void setUser2(User user2) {
this.user2 = user2;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String add() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("add方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String del() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("del方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String edit() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("edit方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String list() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("list方法、、、");
// System.out.println(user1);
System.out.println(sex);
System.out.println(user2);
return "bookEdit";
}
@Override
public User getModel() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return user1;
}
}
demo1.xml
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>struts动态方法调用</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_add_bookEdit.action">新增</a><br>
<h3>struts的传参</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_list.action?uid=001&&uname=zs">ModelDriver接口传参</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_list.action?sex=nv">set属性传参</a><br>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo1_list.action?user2.uid=002&&user2.uname=sg">通过对象属性传参</a><br>
</body>
</html>
结果展示：
四： struts与tomcat的集成
然后在bookEdit中调用
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>成功界面</h1>
${age}
</body>
</html>
方法二：
实现ServletRequestAware,ServletResponseAware接口
package com.lj.one.web;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.lj.one.entity.User;
public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>,ServletRequestAware,ServletResponseAware{
private HttpServletRequest req;
private HttpServletResponse resp;
private User user1=new User();
private String sex;
private User user2;
public User getUser1() {
return user1;
}
public void setUser1(User user1) {
this.user1 = user1;
}
public User getUser2() {
return user2;
}
public void setUser2(User user2) {
this.user2 = user2;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String add() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("add方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String del() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("del方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String edit() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("edit方法、、、");
return "bookEdit";
}
public String list() throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("list方法、、、");
// System.out.println(user1);
System.out.println(sex);
System.out.println(user2);
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
request.setAttribute("age", 12);
req.setAttribute("hobby", "xp");
return "bookEdit";
}
@Override
public User getModel() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return user1;
}
@Override
public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse response) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this.resp=response;
}
@Override
public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this.req=request;
}
}
结果展示：
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