简单的图书管理系统

import json
import os

# 文件路径
USER_FILE = "users.json"
BOOK_FILE = "books.json"


# ========== 数据初始化与读写 ==========
def load_data(file_path):
    """加载json文件，文件不存在则返回空列表"""
    if not os.path.exists(file_path):
        return []
    with open(file_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        return json.load(f)


def save_data(file_path, data):
    """保存数据到json文件"""
    with open(file_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        json.dump(data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)


# 初始化默认账号（首次运行自动创建）
def init_default_user():
    users = load_data(USER_FILE)
    if len(users) == 0:
        # 管理员账号
        users.append({"username": "admin", "password": "123456", "role": "admin"})
        # 普通读者账号
        users.append({"username": "reader", "password": "123", "role": "reader"})
        save_data(USER_FILE, users)


# ========== 用户登录模块 ==========
def login():
    print("=" * 30)
    print("        图书管理系统 登录")
    print("=" * 30)
    username = input("请输入账号：")
    password = input("请输入密码：")

    user_list = load_data(USER_FILE)
    for user in user_list:
        if user["username"] == username and user["password"] == password:
            print(f"\n登录成功！欢迎你，{username}")
            return user
    print("账号或密码错误！")
    return None


# ========== 管理员功能 ==========
def admin_menu():
    while True:
        print("\n===== 管理员菜单 =====")
        print("1. 添加图书")
        print("2. 修改图书信息")
        print("3. 删除图书")
        print("4. 查询所有图书")
        print("5. 返回登录界面")
        choice = input("请输入操作序号：")

        if choice == "1":
            add_book()
        elif choice == "2":
            edit_book()
        elif choice == "3":
            del_book()
        elif choice == "4":
            show_all_books()
        elif choice == "5":
            break
        else:
            print("输入无效，请重新选择！")


def add_book():
    books = load_data(BOOK_FILE)
    book_id = input("输入图书编号：")
    # 检查编号是否重复
    for b in books:
        if b["id"] == book_id:
            print("该图书编号已存在，添加失败！")
            return

    book_name = input("输入图书名称：")
    author = input("输入作者：")
    category = input("输入图书分类：")
    num = int(input("输入库存数量："))

    new_book = {
        "id": book_id,
        "name": book_name,
        "author": author,
        "category": category,
        "stock": num,
        "borrow_user": None  # 当前借阅人，无人借阅为None
    }
    books.append(new_book)
    save_data(BOOK_FILE, books)
    print("✅ 图书添加成功！")


def show_all_books():
    books = load_data(BOOK_FILE)
    if not books:
        print("暂无图书数据！")
        return
    print("\n编号\t书名\t作者\t分类\t库存\t借阅人")
    print("-" * 60)
    for b in books:
        user = b["borrow_user"] if b["borrow_user"] else "无"
        print(f"{b['id']}\t{b['name']}\t{b['author']}\t{b['category']}\t{b['stock']}\t{user}")


def edit_book():
    books = load_data(BOOK_FILE)
    bid = input("输入要修改的图书编号：")
    for book in books:
        if book["id"] == bid:
            book["name"] = input("输入新书名：")
            book["author"] = input("输入新作者：")
            book["category"] = input("输入新分类：")
            book["stock"] = int(input("输入新库存："))
            save_data(BOOK_FILE, books)
            print("✅ 修改完成！")
            return
    print("未找到该编号的图书！")


def del_book():
    books = load_data(BOOK_FILE)
    bid = input("输入要删除的图书编号：")
    for i, book in enumerate(books):
        if book["id"] == bid:
            books.pop(i)
            save_data(BOOK_FILE, books)
            print("✅ 删除成功！")
            return
    print("图书不存在！")


# ========== 读者功能（借阅/归还） ==========
def reader_menu(current_user):
    while True:
        print("\n===== 读者菜单 =====")
        print("1. 查看全部图书")
        print("2. 借阅图书")
        print("3. 归还图书")
        print("4. 返回登录界面")
        choice = input("请选择操作：")

        if choice == "1":
            show_all_books()
        elif choice == "2":
            borrow_book(current_user["username"])
        elif choice == "3":
            return_book(current_user["username"])
        elif choice == "4":
            break
        else:
            print("输入错误！")


def borrow_book(username):
    books = load_data(BOOK_FILE)
    bid = input("输入要借阅的图书编号：")
    for book in books:
        if book["id"] == bid:
            if book["stock"] <= 0:
                print("库存不足，无法借阅！")
                return
            if book["borrow_user"] is not None:
                print("这本书已被别人借走！")
                return
            book["stock"] -= 1
            book["borrow_user"] = username
            save_data(BOOK_FILE, books)
            print(f"✅ {username} 借阅成功！")
            return
    print("找不到这本图书！")


def return_book(username):
    books = load_data(BOOK_FILE)
    bid = input("输入归还图书编号：")
    for book in books:
        if book["id"] == bid:
            if book["borrow_user"] != username:
                print("你没有借阅这本书，无法归还！")
                return
            book["stock"] += 1
            book["borrow_user"] = None
            save_data(BOOK_FILE, books)
            print("✅ 归还成功！")
            return
    print("图书不存在！")


# ========== 程序主入口 ==========
def main():
    # 初始化管理员与读者账号
    init_default_user()
    while True:
        current_user = login()
        if not current_user:
            continue
        # 根据角色进入不同菜单
        if current_user["role"] == "admin":
            admin_menu()
        else:
            reader_menu(current_user)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()