Android 实现应用内置语言切换

一、需求

有时候应用需要在内部切换语言但又不影响系统的语言，比如是应用现在是中文的，系统语言也是中文的，我把应用的切换成英文显示后系统语言还是中文的，系统语言切换后也不会被改变，还有就是有些机的系统是被改造精简过的，比如有些国产机的系统的语言就被精简剩中文和英文。支付宝、微信、Top Story都有在应用内部设置语言切换这样的功能。

二、实现效果

先看看实现效果吧。

三、实现

（一）添加多种语言的资源文件夹及文件

我这默认是英语再添加了个俄文(Google翻译的)和中文。

values/strings.xml

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">SwitchLanguage</string>
    <string name="helloworld">Hello World!</string>
    <string name="language">Eng</string>
    <string name="english">English</string>
    <string name="chinese">中文</string>
    <string name="russian">русский</string>
    <string name="secondact">Second Activity</string>
</resources>

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">Переключение язык</string>
    <string name="helloworld">привет мир!</string>
    <string name="language">русский</string>
    <string name="secondact">второй активность</string>
</resources>

<resources>
    <string name="app_name">切换语言</string>
    <string name="helloworld">你好 世界!</string>
    <string name="language">中文</string>
    <string name="secondact">第二屏</string>
</resources>

activity_main.xml

默认标题栏的文字是切换语言后是不会被改变的，使用Toobar替换掉就可以了。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.ce.switchlanguage.MainActivity"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
    <android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme.AppBarOverlay">

        <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
            android:id="@+id/toolbar"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
            android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"
            app:popupTheme="@style/AppTheme.PopupOverlay"
            app:title="@string/app_name"/>

    </android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/helloworld"/>
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/change"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:text="@string/language"/>
</LinearLayout>

styles.xml

设置语言后需要重启下activity，启动会有个效果，使用windowDisablePreview屏蔽掉它。

<resources>
    <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
        <item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
        <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
        <item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
        <item name="windowActionBar">false</item>
        <item name="windowNoTitle">true</item>
        <item name="android:windowDisablePreview">true</item>
    </style>
    <style name="AppTheme.AppBarOverlay" parent="ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark.ActionBar"/>
    <style name="AppTheme.PopupOverlay" parent="ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark"/>
</resources>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
    <item android:id="@+id/chinese" android:title="@string/chinese" app:showAsAction="never" />
    <item android:id="@+id/english" android:title="@string/english" app:showAsAction="never" />
    <item android:id="@+id/russian" android:title="@string/russian" app:showAsAction="never" />
</menu>

package com.ce.switchlanguage;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.os.Build;
import android.util.DisplayMetrics;

import com.google.gson.Gson;

import java.util.Locale;

public class LocaleUtils {
    /**
     * 中文
     */
    public static final Locale LOCALE_CHINESE = Locale.CHINESE;
    /**
     * 英文
     */
    public static final Locale LOCALE_ENGLISH = Locale.ENGLISH;
    /**
     * 俄文
     */
    public static final Locale LOCALE_RUSSIAN = new Locale("ru");
    /**
     * 保存SharedPreferences的文件名
     */
    private static final String LOCALE_FILE = "LOCALE_FILE";
    /**
     * 保存Locale的key
     */
    private static final String LOCALE_KEY = "LOCALE_KEY";

    /**
     * 获取用户设置的Locale
     * @param pContext Context
     * @return Locale
     */
    public static Locale getUserLocale(Context pContext) {
        SharedPreferences _SpLocale = pContext.getSharedPreferences(LOCALE_FILE, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        String _LocaleJson = _SpLocale.getString(LOCALE_KEY, "");
        return jsonToLocale(_LocaleJson);
    }
    /**
     * 获取当前的Locale
     * @param pContext Context
     * @return Locale
     */
    public static Locale getCurrentLocale(Context pContext) {
        Locale _Locale;
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) { //7.0有多语言设置获取顶部的语言
            _Locale = pContext.getResources().getConfiguration().getLocales().get(0);
        } else {
            _Locale = pContext.getResources().getConfiguration().locale;
        }
        return _Locale;
    }
    /**
     * 保存用户设置的Locale
     * @param pContext Context
     * @param pUserLocale Locale
     */
    public static void saveUserLocale(Context pContext, Locale pUserLocale) {
        SharedPreferences _SpLocal=pContext.getSharedPreferences(LOCALE_FILE, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        SharedPreferences.Editor _Edit=_SpLocal.edit();
        String _LocaleJson = localeToJson(pUserLocale);
        _Edit.putString(LOCALE_KEY, _LocaleJson);
        _Edit.apply();
    }
    /**
     * Locale转成json
     * @param pUserLocale UserLocale
     * @return json String
     */
    private static String localeToJson(Locale pUserLocale) {
        Gson _Gson = new Gson();
        return _Gson.toJson(pUserLocale);
    }
    /**
     * json转成Locale
     * @param pLocaleJson LocaleJson
     * @return Locale
     */
    private static Locale jsonToLocale(String pLocaleJson) {
        Gson _Gson = new Gson();
        return _Gson.fromJson(pLocaleJson, Locale.class);
    }
    /**
     * 更新Locale
     * @param pContext Context
     * @param pNewUserLocale New User Locale
     */
    public static void updateLocale(Context pContext, Locale pNewUserLocale) {
        if (needUpdateLocale(pContext, pNewUserLocale)) {
            Configuration _Configuration = pContext.getResources().getConfiguration();
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1) {
                _Configuration.setLocale(pNewUserLocale);
            } else {
                _Configuration.locale =pNewUserLocale;
            }
            DisplayMetrics _DisplayMetrics = pContext.getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
            pContext.getResources().updateConfiguration(_Configuration, _DisplayMetrics);
            saveUserLocale(pContext, pNewUserLocale);
        }
    }
    /**
     * 判断需不需要更新
     * @param pContext Context
     * @param pNewUserLocale New User Locale
     * @return true / false
     */
    public static boolean needUpdateLocale(Context pContext, Locale pNewUserLocale) {
        return pNewUserLocale != null && !getCurrentLocale(pContext).equals(pNewUserLocale);
    }
}

package com.ce.switchlanguage;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Toolbar _Toolbar =(Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(_Toolbar);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main_menu,menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        int _ItemId=item.getItemId();
        switch (_ItemId) {
            case R.id.chinese:
                if (LocaleUtils.needUpdateLocale(this, LocaleUtils.LOCALE_CHINESE)) {
                    LocaleUtils.updateLocale(this, LocaleUtils.LOCALE_CHINESE);
                    restartAct();
                }
               break;
            case R.id.english:
                if (LocaleUtils.needUpdateLocale(this, LocaleUtils.LOCALE_ENGLISH)) {
                    LocaleUtils.updateLocale(this, LocaleUtils.LOCALE_ENGLISH);
                    restartAct();
                }
                break;
            case R.id.russian:
                if (LocaleUtils.needUpdateLocale(this, LocaleUtils.LOCALE_RUSSIAN)) {
                    LocaleUtils.updateLocale(this, LocaleUtils.LOCALE_RUSSIAN);
                    restartAct();
                }
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 重启当前Activity
     */
    private void restartAct() {
        finish();
        Intent _Intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
        startActivity(_Intent);
        //清除Activity退出和进入的动画
        overridePendingTransition(0, 0);
    }
}

package com.ce.switchlanguage;

import android.app.Application;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.os.Build;

import java.util.Locale;

public class MyApplication extends Application {
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Locale _UserLocale=LocaleUtils.getUserLocale(this);
        LocaleUtils.updateLocale(this, _UserLocale);
    }

    @Override
    public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
        super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
        Locale _UserLocale=LocaleUtils.getUserLocale(this);
        //系统语言改变了应用保持之前设置的语言
        if (_UserLocale != null) {
            Locale.setDefault(_UserLocale);
            Configuration _Configuration = new Configuration(newConfig);
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1) {
                _Configuration.setLocale(_UserLocale);
            } else {
                _Configuration.locale =_UserLocale;
            }
            getResources().updateConfiguration(_Configuration, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
        }
    }
}

源码地址