MAC 下编写opengl3+程序

mac os10.7 之后就开始支持opengl 3.2的语法，但opengl3.3+在10.9才开始支持，当然具体支持的扩展是何显卡有关的，可以参考Apple官方说明
最近在mac和windows两边写opengl代码，但由于mac原本只支持2.1，所以两边写不同的语法，让我很苦恼，而且在mac上无法学习一些较新的教程，在搜索了和踩了一些坑之后，终于实现在mac上编写opengl 3+ 程序.

正文

安装glfw

OSX对于GL 2.1以上只支持Core Profile.
GLFW支持创建Core Profile Context.

glfw 建议通过brew安装，在命令行界面:
执行以下命令:

brew update
brew tap homebrew/versions
brew install glfw3

安装成功后，头文件和库文件会分别在/usr/local/include 和/usr/local/lib

在xcode中使用

build setting的配置

在头文件路径中增加 /usr/local/include

在库路径中增加 /usr/local/Cellar/glfw3/3.1.1/lib

build pharse中使用glfw3动态链接库

opengl样例

如果仅仅按glfw官网教程框架是无法编写opengl3+的程序的，我们必须在创建glfw窗口之前加上以下4行：

  glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE);
  glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
  glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
  glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 2);

而且不要使用glut框架
注意，一旦加了这4行，以前的固定管线函数就无效了，像glbegin,glend就无法使用了。
下面给一个示例程序:

#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <OpenGL/gl3.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "initShader.h"
static void error_callback(int error, const char* description)
{
    fputs(description, stderr);
}
static void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods)
{
    if (key == GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE && action == GLFW_PRESS)
        glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, GL_TRUE);
}


static const GLfloat g_vertex_buffer_data[] = {
    -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,
    1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f,
    0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
};

#define printGlErr(func) err = glGetError(); if (err) fprintf(stderr, func " error: %u at line %d\n", err, __LINE__);
GLuint err =GL_INVALID_OPERATION;

void init()
{

    GLuint vaoId = 0;
    glGenVertexArrays(1, &vaoId);
    glBindVertexArray(vaoId);
    // Generate 1 buffer, put the resulting identifier in vertexbuffer
    GLuint vertexbuffer;
    glGenBuffers(1, &vertexbuffer);
    printGlErr("glGenBuffers()");
    // The following commands will talk about our 'vertexbuffer' buffer
    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexbuffer);

    // Give our vertices to OpenGL.
    glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(g_vertex_buffer_data), g_vertex_buffer_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

    GLuint program = InitShader("/Users/dale/Documents/gameDevelop/opengl_learn/openGL/openGLproject/openGLproject/vertex.glsl","/Users/dale/Documents/gameDevelop/opengl_learn/openGL/openGLproject/openGLproject/fragment.glsl");
    GLuint loc = glGetAttribLocation(program, "vPosition");
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(loc);

    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexbuffer);
    glVertexAttribPointer(
                          loc,                  // attribute 0. No particular reason for 0, but must match the layout in the shader.
                          3,                  // size
                          GL_FLOAT,           // type
                          GL_FALSE,           // normalized?
                          0,                  // stride
                          (void*)0            // array buffer offset
                          );
    printGlErr("glVertexAttribPointer()");

}




void display()
{
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
    glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
    glFlush();
}

int main(void)
{

    GLFWwindow* window;
    glfwSetErrorCallback(error_callback);
    if (!glfwInit())
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE);
     glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
    glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);


    window = glfwCreateWindow(640, 480, "Simple example", NULL, NULL);
    if (!window)
    {
        glfwTerminate();
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
    glfwSwapInterval(1);
    glfwSetKeyCallback(window, key_callback);
    init();
    while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
    {
        float ratio;
        int width, height;
        glfwGetFramebufferSize(window, &width, &height);
        ratio = width / (float) height;
        glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

        display();
        glfwSwapBuffers(window);
        glfwPollEvents();
    }
    glfwDestroyWindow(window);
    glfwTerminate();
    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

未给出的是initshader函数代码，这个网上很多实现，就不加在这里显的代码很长了
然后是vertex shader；

#version 330 core
layout(location =0 )in vec3 vPosition;
void main()
{
    gl_Position = vec4(vPosition,1.0);
}

fragment shader：

#version 330 core
out vec4 glcolor;
void main()
{
    glcolor = vec4(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0);
}

编译运行就看到一个绿色的三角形:

祝大家好运：）