SPOJ GSS4 Can you answer these queries IV

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/SilverNebula/p/6116030.html

本文介绍了一种在序列上进行区间开方操作和区间求和查询的算法，利用线段树优化处理大量操作，特别关注如何标记已变为1的连续区间，以提升修改操作的效率。

Time Limit: 500MS

Memory Limit: 1572864KB

64bit IO Format: %lld & %llu

Description

You are given a sequence A of N(N <= 100,000) positive integers. There sum will be less than 10¹⁸. On this sequence you have to apply M (M <= 100,000) operations:

(A) For given x,y, for each elements between the x-th and the y-th ones (inclusively, counting from 1), modify it to its positive square root (rounded down to the nearest integer).

(B) For given x,y, query the sum of all the elements between the x-th and the y-th ones (inclusively, counting from 1) in the sequence.

Input

Multiple test cases, please proceed them one by one. Input terminates by EOF.

For each test case:

The first line contains an integer N. The following line contains N integers, representing the sequence A₁..A_N.
The third line contains an integer M. The next M lines contain the operations in the form "i x y".i=0 denotes the modify operation, i=1 denotes the query operation.

Output

For each test case:

Output the case number (counting from 1) in the first line of output. Then for each query, print an integer as the problem required.

Print an blank line after each test case.

See the sample output for more details.

Example

Input:
5
1 2 3 4 5
5
1 2 4
0 2 4
1 2 4
0 4 5
1 1 5
4
10 10 10 10
3
1 1 4
0 2 3
1 1 4

Output:
Case #1:
9
4
6

Case #2:
40
26

Hint

Added by:	Fudan University Problem Setters
Date:	2008-05-21
Time limit:	0.5s
Source limit:	50000B
Memory limit:	1536MB
Cluster:	Cube (Intel G860)
Languages:	All except: C99 strict ERL JS PERL 6
Resource:	Own problem, used in ACM/ICPC Regional Contest, Shanghai 2011 preliminary

区间开方，询问区间和。

@Bzoj3038 上帝造题的七分钟2

这题常见的解法是并查集，然而现在放在了线段树的套题里，就要思考怎么用线段树做了……

然而根本不虚哈哈哈哈我当初就是用线段树做的哈哈哈哈

如果一个数已经变成了1，继续开方也只会得到1 。只要在线段树里标记出已经都变成1的连续区间，修改的时候就可以跳过整段区间，大幅度提高效率。

 1 /*by SilverN*/
 2 #include<algorithm>
 3 #include<iostream>
 4 #include<cstring>
 5 #include<cstdio>
 6 #include<cmath>
 7 #define ls l,mid,rt<<1
 8 #define rs mid+1,r,rt<<1|1
 9 using namespace std;
10 const int mxn=100010;
11 int read(){
12     int x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
13     while(ch<'0' || ch>'9'){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
14     while(ch>='0' && ch<='9'){x=x*10+ch-'0';ch=getchar();}
15     return x*f;
16 }
17 long long read1(){
18     long long x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar();
19     while(ch<'0' || ch>'9'){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}
20     while(ch>='0' && ch<='9'){x=x*10+ch-'0';ch=getchar();}
21     return x*f;
22 }
23 int n,m;
24 long long data[mxn];
25 struct node{
26     long long num;
27     bool one;
28 }t[mxn<<2];
29 void Build(int l,int r,int rt){
30     if(l==r){
31         t[rt].num=data[l];
32         if(data[l]==1)t[rt].one=1;
33         else t[rt].one=0;
34         return;
35     }
36     int mid=(l+r)>>1;
37     Build(ls);Build(rs);
38     t[rt].one=(t[rt<<1].one&t[rt<<1|1].one);
39     t[rt].num=t[rt<<1].num+t[rt<<1|1].num;
40     return;
41 }
42 void change(int L,int R,int l,int r,int rt){
43     if(l==r && L<=l && r<=R){
44         t[rt].num=sqrt(t[rt].num);
45         if(t[rt].num==1) t[rt].one=1;
46         return;
47     }
48     int mid=(l+r)>>1;
49     if(L<=mid && !t[rt<<1].one)change(L,R,ls);
50     if(R>mid && !t[rt<<1|1].one)change(L,R,rs);
51     if(t[rt<<1].one && t[rt<<1|1].one) t[rt].one=1;
52     t[rt].num=t[rt<<1].num+t[rt<<1|1].num;
53     return;
54 }
55 long long smm(int L,int R,int l,int r,int rt){
56     if(L<=l && r<=R){
57         return t[rt].num; 
58     }
59     long long res=0;
60     int mid=(l+r)>>1;
61     if(L<=mid)res+=smm(L,R,ls);
62     if(R>mid)res+=smm(L,R,rs);
63     return res;
64 }
65 int op;
66 int main(){
67     int T=0;
68     while(scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF){
69         printf("Case #%d:\n",++T);
70         int i,j;
71         for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
72             data[i]=read1();
73         Build(1,n,1);
74         m=read();
75         int x,y;
76         while(m--){
77             op=read();x=read();y=read();
78             if(x>y)swap(x,y);
79             if(op==0){
80                 change(x,y,1,n,1);
81             }
82             else{
83                 long long ans=smm(x,y,1,n,1);
84                 printf("%lld\n",ans);
85             }
86         }
87         printf("\n");
88     }
89     return 0;
90 }