linux 文件操作函数 通过例子来解释 父子间文件描述符共享 内存映像图

 #include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <errno.h>

void cyg_error(char * msg)
{
 printf("%s:%s/n",msg,strerror(errno));
 exit(0);
}

//构建自己的安全的fork函数

pid_t myFork()
{
 pid_t mypid;
  if ((mypid = fork())<0)
 {
  cyg_error("fork");
 }

return mypid;
}
void fdInFork()
{
 int fd;
 char c;
 int size;
 int pid;
 fd = open("test.txt",O_RDONLY,0);   //打开一个共享文件描述符

//test.txt文件的内容 "abcdefghijklmn"
 
 if((pid = myFork())==0)  //子进程
 {
  size = read(fd,&c,1);
  printf("_________the character is %c/n",c);
  lseek(fd,3,1);
  size = read(fd,&c,1);
  printf("_________the character is %c/n",c);
  size = read(fd,&c,1);
  printf("~~~~~~~~~the character is %c/n",c);
  close(fd);//子进程中关闭了该描述符，但是共享文件操作的痕迹还是被保留了
  size = read(fd,&c,1);//会返回-1，因为已经关掉
  printf("size %d_________the character is %c/n",size,c);
  exit(0);
 }
 
 //waitpid(-1,NULL,0);//等待子进程结束
 wait(NULL);
 size = read(fd,&c,1);//接着子进程的游标位置开始读
 
 printf("########the character is %c/n",c);
 close(fd);//当文件的所有引用都关掉时，内存文件映像才被回收
 printf("###the character is %c/n",c);
 
}

函数执行结果

_________the character is a
_________the character is e
~~~~~~~~~the character is f
size -1_________the character is f
########the character is g
###the character is g

内存映像图