【编程之美】1的个数+POJ-3286（0的个数）

/*==========================================================*\
| 【google面试题】给定一个正整数N，写下从1开始，到N的所有整数，
| 然后数一下其中出现的所有“1”的个数。
| (1)写一个函数f(N);
| (2)满足条件“f(N) = N”的最大的N是多少？
| 【解答】
| (1)只分析当前位是0，1或者[2，9]三种情况讨论，见sum_of_1()；
| (2)找出f(n) = n的一个上界N = 10^11，N >= 10^11时，f(n) > n
|    恒成立，从10^11向下递减就算，得出答案：1 111 111 110
\*==========================================================*/
long long sum_of_1(unsigned long long n)
{
	unsigned long long count = 0;
	unsigned long long factor = 1;
	unsigned long long lower = 0;
	unsigned long long curr = 0;
	unsigned long long higher = 0;
	while (n / factor != 0) {
		lower = n - (n / factor) * factor;
		curr = (n / factor) % 10;
		higher = n / (factor * 10);
		switch (curr) {
			case 0:
				count += higher * factor;
				break;
			case 1:
				count += higher * factor + lower + 1;
				break;
			default:
				count += (higher + 1) * factor;
				break;
		}
		factor *= 10;
	}
	return count;
}
int main()
{
	unsigned long long x;
	while (cin>>x)
		cout<<sum_of_1(x)<<endl;
	return 0;
}

【POJ-3286】a-b之间0的个数

ll self_zeros(ll x)
{
	if (x == 0) return 1;
	ll ans = 0;
	while (x) {
		if (x % 10 == 0)
			++ans;
		x /= 10;
	}
	return ans;
}
ll number_of_zeros(ll x)//小于x的所有数中0的个数
{
	if (x == 0) return 0;
	ll t = 10;
	ll factor = 1;
	ll ans = 1;
	while (x / factor != 0) {
		ll higher = x / (factor * 10);
		ll lower = x % factor;
		ll t = x / factor % 10;
		switch (t) {
			case 0:
				ans += (higher - 1) * factor + (lower != 0 ? lower : 0);
				break;
			default:
				ans += higher * factor;
				break;
		}
		factor *= 10;
	}
	return ans;
}
int main()
{
	ll a, b;
	while (cin>>a>>b, (a != -1 || b != -1)) {
		printf("%lld\n", number_of_zeros(b + 1) - number_of_zeros(a));
	}
	return 0;
}