Cocos3.8版本 实现跟随3d物体的条带拖尾

实现类似汽车2条尾气的效果

1.使用粒子特效Trail Module 会导致在高速情况下，粒子断层，尾部颗粒感严重，而且粒子过多会导致draw call负担

2.使用2D拖尾 MotionStreak，会在轨道扭曲的时候，有显示层级或者重叠在一起的问题

（1）应该显示4条，实际看到了1条，是因为角度问题重叠了

（2）会在模型背侧显示出来，

3.最终实现，选择Mesh渲染，+材质

     1.创建材质，渐变图+builtin材质

2.实际作用的脚本，代码如下，新建一个空节点，增加Mesh Renderer组件，无需设置mesh，把刚才的材质绑定，然后把脚本绑定上，调整脚本参数，设置要跟随的target,代码中设置的是两条拖尾，left和right,可以根据需求自己修改。主要就是通过路径绘制网格渲染出来。

import {
    _decorator,
    Component,
    Vec3,
    MeshRenderer,
    utils,
    Node,
    find,
    Camera,
    isValid,
} from 'cc';

const { ccclass, property } = _decorator;

@ccclass('Trail3D')
export class Trail3D extends Component {

    @property({ type: Node })
    target: Node = null!; // 车
    @property(Camera)
    camera: Camera = null!;

    @property
    maxPoints = 80;

    @property
    width = 0.3;

    @property
    minDistance = 0.05;

    @property
    maxLength = 5; // 拖尾最大长度（米）

    private _points: Vec3[] = [];
    private _meshRenderer: MeshRenderer = null!;

    private _lastWorldPos: Vec3 = new Vec3();

    private isLeft: boolean = false;

    start() {
        this._meshRenderer = this.getComponent(MeshRenderer)!;

        if (!this.target) {
            console.error('Trail3D: target 未设置');
            return;
        }

        this._lastWorldPos.set(this.target.worldPosition);
    }

    setTarget(target: Node, left = false) {
        this.isLeft = left;
        this.target = target;
        if (left) {
            this._lastWorldPos.set(this.target.worldPosition.x, this.target.worldPosition.y + .4, this.target.worldPosition.z + 0.5);
        }
        else {
            this._lastWorldPos.set(this.target.worldPosition.x, this.target.worldPosition.y + .4, this.target.worldPosition.z - 0.5);
        }
    }

    update() {
        if (!this.target || isValid(this.target) == false) {
            this.node.destroy();
            return;
        }

        let currentWorld = this.target.worldPosition.clone();
        if (this.isLeft) {
            currentWorld.set(this.target.worldPosition.x, this.target.worldPosition.y + .4, this.target.worldPosition.z + 0.5);
        }
        else {
            currentWorld.set(this.target.worldPosition.x, this.target.worldPosition.y + .4, this.target.worldPosition.z - 0.5);
        }

        // ===== 不动就不更新（优化）=====
        if (Vec3.distance(this._lastWorldPos, currentWorld) < 0.0001) {
            return;
        }

        // ===== 距离补点（核心，解决断层）=====
        const dist = Vec3.distance(this._lastWorldPos, currentWorld);

        if (dist > this.minDistance) {
            const count = Math.floor(dist / this.minDistance);

            for (let i = 1; i <= count; i++) {
                const t = i / count;

                const pos = new Vec3();
                Vec3.lerp(pos, this._lastWorldPos, currentWorld, t);

                // ✅ 直接存世界坐标（关键）
                this._points.push(pos);
            }

            this._lastWorldPos.set(currentWorld);
        }

        // ===== 按长度裁剪（核心，防止变圆）=====
        let total = 0;
        for (let i = this._points.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
            total += Vec3.distance(this._points[i], this._points[i - 1]);

            if (total > this.maxLength) {
                this._points.splice(0, i);
                break;
            }
        }

        // ===== 最大点限制（保险）=====
        if (this._points.length > this.maxPoints) {
            this._points.shift();
        }

        this._updateMesh();
    }

    private _updateMesh() {
        if (this._points.length < 2) return;

        const positions: number[] = [];
        const uvs: number[] = [];
        const indices: number[] = [];

        const right = new Vec3();
        const dir = new Vec3();
        const up = new Vec3(0, 1, 0);

        for (let i = 0; i < this._points.length; i++) {
            const p = this._points[i];

            // ===== 方向 =====
            if (i === 0) {
                Vec3.subtract(dir, this._points[i + 1], p);
            } else {
                Vec3.subtract(dir, p, this._points[i - 1]);
            }
            Vec3.normalize(dir, dir);

            // ===== 侧方向（稳定，不翻转）=====
            const camForward = this.camera.node.forward;

            Vec3.cross(right, dir, camForward);

            if (right.lengthSqr() < 0.0001) {
                right.set(1, 0, 0);
            }

            Vec3.normalize(right, right);

            // ===== 宽度渐变 =====
            const t = i / this._points.length;
            const w = this.width * t;

            const left = new Vec3();
            const rightPos = new Vec3();

            Vec3.scaleAndAdd(left, p, right, -w);
            Vec3.scaleAndAdd(rightPos, p, right, w);

            positions.push(left.x, left.y, left.z);
            positions.push(rightPos.x, rightPos.y, rightPos.z);

            // UV 用于透明渐变
            uvs.push(t, 0);
            uvs.push(t, 1);
        }

        // ===== 索引 =====
        for (let i = 0; i < this._points.length - 1; i++) {
            const i0 = i * 2;
            const i1 = i * 2 + 1;
            const i2 = i * 2 + 2;
            const i3 = i * 2 + 3;

            indices.push(i0, i2, i1);
            indices.push(i1, i2, i3);
        }

        this._rebuildMesh(positions, uvs, indices);
    }

    private _rebuildMesh(positions: number[], uvs: number[], indices: number[]) {

        const geometry = {
            positions,
            uvs,
            indices,
        };

        // ⚠️ Cocos 3.8 推荐
        const mesh = utils.MeshUtils.createMesh(geometry);

        this._meshRenderer.mesh = mesh;
    }
}

最终效果可以在3d场景中，完全显示出所有尾气条带