Three.js 围墙着色器教程

原创于 2026-07-06 09:25:47 发布 · 111 阅读

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GEO检测

围墙着色器 · Fence Wall · ▶ 在线运行案例

案例合集： 三维可视化功能案例（threehub.cn）
开源仓库github地址： https://github.com/z2586300277/three-cesium-examples
400个案例代码: 网盘链接

你将学到什么

ShaderMaterial 自定义着色器实现核心视觉效果
OrbitControls 相机轨道交互

效果说明

本案例演示 围墙着色器 效果：基于 WebGL 实现「围墙着色器」可视化效果，附完整可运行源码；核心用到 ShaderMaterial、OrbitControls。建议先打开文首在线案例查看动态画面，再对照下方源码逐步理解。

核心概念

Scene / Camera / WebGLRenderer 构成最小渲染闭环；大场景可开 logarithmicDepthBuffer 缓解 Z-fighting。
ShaderMaterial 通过 uniforms + 自定义 GLSL 控制逐像素/逐点效果；透明粒子常配合 depthTest: false。
OrbitControls 提供轨道旋转/缩放；开启 enableDamping 后需在 animate 中 controls.update()。

实现步骤

搭建 Scene、PerspectiveCamera、WebGLRenderer，挂载 canvas 并处理 resize
定义 uniforms / onBeforeCompile 或 ShaderMaterial，编写 GLSL 与材质参数
创建 OrbitControls（及 Raycaster 等交互控件，若源码包含）
在 requestAnimationFrame 循环中更新状态并 render（Cesium 为 viewer.render 或自动渲染）

代码要点

import * as THREE from "three";
import { OrbitControls } from "three/addons/controls/OrbitControls.js";

const { innerWidth, innerHeight } = window;
const aspect = innerWidth / innerHeight;

class Base {
    constructor() {
        this.init();
        this.main();
    }
    main() {
        const geometry = new THREE.CylinderGeometry(30, 30, 20, 4, 64, true);
        const material = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({
            side: THREE.DoubleSide,
            transparent: true,
            depthWrite: false,
            uniforms: {
                uTime: this.deltaTime,
            },
            vertexShader: 
                        varying vec2 vUv; 
                        void main(){
                            vUv = uv;
                            gl_Position = projectionMatrix  modelViewMatrix  vec4(position,1.0);
                        }
                        ,
            fragmentShader: 
                        uniform float uTime;
                        varying vec2 vUv;
                        #define PI 3.14159265


void main(){

vec4 baseColor = vec4(0.0,1.,0.5,1.);
						
                        vec4 finalColor;
                            
                        float amplitude = 1.;
                        float frequency = 10.;
                        
                        float x = vUv.x;

float y = sin(x * frequency) ;
                        float t = 0.01(-uTime130.0);
                        y += sin(xfrequency2.1 + t)*4.5;
                        y += sin(xfrequency1.72 + t1.121)4.0;
                        y += sin(xfrequency2.221 + t0.437)5.0;
                        y += sin(xfrequency3.1122+ t4.269)2.5;
                        y = amplitude0.06;
                        y /= 3.;
                        y += 0.55;

vec4 color = gl_FragColor.rgba;

float r = step(0.5, fract(vUv.y - uTime));

baseColor.a = step(vUv.y,y) * (y-vUv.y)/y;
                        
                        gl_FragColor = baseColor;

}
                        ,
        });
        const cylinder = new THREE.Mesh(geometry, material);
        cylinder.position.y += 10;
        this.scene.add(cylinder);
    }
    init() {
        this.clock = new THREE.Clock();

this.renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({
            antialias: true,
            logarithmicDepthBuffer: true,
        });
        this.renderer.setPixelRatio(window.devicePixelRatio);
        this.renderer.setSize(innerWidth, innerHeight);
        this.renderer.setAnimationLoop(this.animate.bind(this));
        document.body.appendChild(this.renderer.domElement);

this.camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(60, aspect, 0.01, 10000);
        this.camera.position.set(0, 40, 40);

this.scene = new THREE.Scene();

this.controls = new OrbitControls(this.camera, this.renderer.domElement);

this.deltaTime = {
            value: 0,
        };

const grid = new THREE.GridHelper(100);
        this.scene.add(grid);

const light = new THREE.AmbientLight(0xffffff, 0.5);
        this.scene.add(light);
    }
    animate() {
        this.controls.update();
        this.renderer.render(this.scene, this.camera);
        this.deltaTime.value = this.clock.getElapsedTime();
    }
}
new Base();