Springboot+Netty搭建MQTT协议的服务端(基础Demo)

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已于 2023-03-03 20:27:17 修改 · 置顶 · 3.2w 阅读

于 2021-02-24 20:56:53 首次发布

本文介绍了如何使用SpringBoot和Netty框架构建一个基于MQTT协议的服务端。通过添加相关依赖，创建启动类，定义Netty的MQTT处理类以及消息回调方法，实现了MQTT连接、订阅、发布等基本功能。此外，还提到了使用Eclipse的Paho工具进行客户端测试，并展示了不同MQTT报文类型的示例。

Netty是业界最流行的nio框架之一，结合springboot可以满足快速开发

MQTT（Message Queuing Telemetry Transport，消息队列遥测传输协议），是一种基于发布/订阅（publish/subscribe）模式的"轻量级"通讯协议，该协议构建于TCP/IP协议上的。MQTT协议的可以用在物联网、小型设备、还有移动应用上。

Netty也可以实现MQTT协议，他的内部封装了MQTT协议的相关对象。

Springboot+Netty搭建MQTT协议的服务端基础Demo代码案例

使用Netty+SpringBoot方式可以快速地开发一套基于MQTT协议(主要是MQTT3.1和MQTT3.1.1)的服务端程序

SpringBoot+Netty创建，pom.xml文件导入依赖包

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0%20http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
	xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath />
	</parent>

	<groupId>boot.base.mqtt.server</groupId>
	<artifactId>boot-example-base-mqtt-server-2.0.5</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>boot-example-base-mqtt-server-2.0.5</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
			<artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<!-- 打包成一个可执行jar -->
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<executions>
					<execution>
						<goals>
							<goal>repackage</goal>
						</goals>
					</execution>
				</executions>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

Springboot启动类，直接在main里面启动netty的MQTT服务（也包含web应用的）

package boot.example.mqtt.server;

import boot.example.mqtt.server.netty.BootNettyMqttServerThread;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import boot.example.mqtt.server.netty.BootNettyMqttServer;


/**
 * 蚂蚁舞
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class BootNettyMqttApplication implements CommandLineRunner {
    public static void main( String[] args ) {
		SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(BootNettyMqttApplication.class);
		app.run(args);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        // 启动  1883
        int port = 1883;
        BootNettyMqttServerThread bootNettyMqttServerThread = new BootNettyMqttServerThread(port);
        bootNettyMqttServerThread.start();
    }
}

Netty的MQTT启动类

package boot.example.mqtt.server.netty;


import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.buffer.PooledByteBufAllocator;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.mqtt.MqttDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.mqtt.MqttEncoder;
import io.netty.handler.timeout.IdleStateHandler;

/**
 * 蚂蚁舞
 */
public class BootNettyMqttServer {

	private NioEventLoopGroup bossGroup;

	private NioEventLoopGroup workGroup;

	/**
	 * 	启动服务
	 */
	public void startup(int port) {

		try {
			bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
			workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

			ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
			bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workGroup);
			bootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);

			bootstrap.option(ChannelOption.SO_REUSEADDR, true)
					.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024)
					.option(ChannelOption.ALLOCATOR, PooledByteBufAllocator.DEFAULT)
					.option(ChannelOption.SO_RCVBUF, 10485760);

			bootstrap.childOption(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true)
					.childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true)
					.childOption(ChannelOption.ALLOCATOR, PooledByteBufAllocator.DEFAULT);

			bootstrap.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
						protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {
							ChannelPipeline channelPipeline = ch.pipeline();
							// 设置读写空闲超时时间
							channelPipeline.addLast(new IdleStateHandler(600, 600, 1200));
							channelPipeline.addLast("encoder", MqttEncoder.INSTANCE);
							channelPipeline.addLast("decoder", new MqttDecoder());
							channelPipeline.addLast(new BootNettyMqttChannelInboundHan

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