Choreographer机制和卡顿优化

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-12 20:49:49 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-12 20:49:49 发布 · 2.3k 阅读

本文介绍了 Android 4.1 新增的 Choreographer 机制，它配合 VSYNC 中断信号，统一管理应用输入、动画和绘制任务执行时机。通过分析其调用流程，解释了相关日志含义。还阐述了卡顿优化的两种方案，即利用 UI 线程 Looper 打印日志匹配和使用 Choreographer.FrameCallback。

Choreographer 是 Android 4.1 google的黄油计划新增的机制，用于配合系统的 VSYNC 中断信号。其主要用途是接收系统的 VSYNC 信号，统一管理应用的输入、动画和绘制等任务的执行时机。也就是(CALLBACK_INPUT,CALLBACK_ANIMATION,CALLBACK_TRAVERSAL,CALLBACK_COMMIT)，而我们主要的用途就是来查看app的帧率情况，下面来具体分析下这个神秘的类
当我们进行invalidate或者requestLayout时，总会执行viewRootImp的scheduleTraversals方法

  void scheduleTraversals() {
        if (!mTraversalScheduled) {
            mTraversalScheduled = true;
            mTraversalBarrier = mHandler.getLooper().getQueue().postSyncBarrier();
            mChoreographer.postCallback(
                    Choreographer.CALLBACK_TRAVERSAL, mTraversalRunnable, null);
            if (!mUnbufferedInputDispatch) {
                scheduleConsumeBatchedInput();
            }
            notifyRendererOfFramePending();
            pokeDrawLockIfNeeded();
        }
    }

而这个mTraversalRunnable就是我们所要执行的任务了，那究竟是何时执行呢？
首先会mChoreographer.postCallback会间接调用postCallbackDelayedInternal方法

private void postCallbackDelayedInternal(int callbackType,
            Object action, Object token, long delayMillis) {
        if (DEBUG_FRAMES) {
            Log.d(TAG, "PostCallback: type=" + callbackType
                    + ", action="https://blog.csdn.net/+%20action%20+", token=" + token
                    + ", delayMillis=" + delayMillis);
        }

        synchronized (mLock) {
            final long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
            final long dueTime = now + delayMillis;
            mCallbackQueues[callbackType].addCallbackLocked(dueTime, action, token);

            if (dueTime <= now) {
                scheduleFrameLocked(now);
            } else {
                Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_DO_SCHEDULE_CALLBACK, action);
                msg.arg1 = callbackType;
                msg.setAsynchronous(true);
                mHandler.sendMessageAtTime(msg, dueTime);
            }
        }
    }

我们可以看到正常情况下会执行scheduleFrameLocked方法

private void scheduleFrameLocked(long now) {
        if (!mFrameScheduled) {
            mFrameScheduled = true;
            if (USE_VSYNC) {
                if (DEBUG_FRAMES) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "Scheduling next frame on vsync.");
                }

                // If running on the Looper thread, then schedule the vsync immediately,
                // otherwise post a message to schedule the vsync from the UI thread
                // as soon as possible.
                if (isRunningOnLooperThreadLocked()) {
                    scheduleVsyncLocked();
                } else {
                    Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_DO_SCHEDULE_VSYNC);
                    msg.setAsynchronous(true);
                    mHandler.sendMessageAtFrontOfQueue(msg);
                }
            } else {
                final long nextFrameTime = Math.max(
                        mLastFrameTimeNanos / TimeUtils.NANOS_PER_MS + sFrameDelay, now);
                if (DEBUG_FRAMES) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "Scheduling next frame in " + (nextFrameTime - now) + " ms.");
                }
                Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_DO_FRAME);
                msg.setAsynchronous(true);
                mHandler.sendMessageAtTime(msg, nextFrameTime);
            }
        }
    }

由于在4.1上是使用VSYNC信号的，所以就自然会调用scheduleVsyncLocked方法,会间接调用scheduleVsync方法

**
     * Schedules a single vertical sync pulse to be delivered when the next
     * display frame begins.
     */
    public void scheduleVsync() {
        if (mReceiverPtr == 0) {
            Log.w(TAG, "Attempted to schedule a vertical sync pulse but the display event "
                    + "receiver has already been disposed.");
        } else {
            nativeScheduleVsync(mReceiverPtr);
        }
    }

注意：这里的注释说的很清楚了，当下一帧来临时准备一个要分发的垂直同步信号，啥意思呢？简单来说就是当调用了nativeScheduleVsync方法时，当屏幕需要刷新的时候，也就是每隔16.6ms会通过native的looper分发到java层，从而调用java的方法，那是哪个方法呢？

  // Called from native code.
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    private void dispatchVsync(long timestampNanos, int builtInDisplayId, int frame) {
        onVsync(timestampNanos, builtInDisplayId, frame);
    }

很明显是此方法
举个例子，比如屏幕显示的是第一帧，你在第一帧调用invalidate，其实并不是立即刷新的，而是在