Thinking in Java 第四版完整版 第八章练习题 多态

Thinking in Java 第四版完整版 第八章练习题，记录一下(jdk1.8.0)

1.

/**
 * 练习1：创建一个Cycle类，它具有子类Unicycle、Bicycle和
 * Tricycle。演示每一个类型的示例都可以经由ride()方法向上
 * 转型为Cycle。
 * @author admin11
 * @date 2018年3月28日
 */
class Cycle {}

class Unicycle extends Cycle {}

class Bicycle extends Cycle {}

class Tricycle extends Cycle {}

public class Exercise801 {
   
   
    public static void ride(Cycle cycle) {}

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ride(new Unicycle());
        ride(new Bicycle());
        ride(new Tricycle());
    }
}

2.

/**
 * 练习2：在几何图形的示例中添加@Override注解。
 * @author admin11
 * @date 2018年3月28日
 */
 public class Shape {
   
   
    public void draw() {}
    public void erase() {}
}

public class Circle extends Shape {
   
   
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Circle.draw()");
    }
    @Override
    public void erase() {
        System.out.println("Circle.erase()");
    }
}

public class Square extends Shape{
   
   
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Square.draw()");
    }
    @Override
    public void erase() {
        System.out.println("Square.erase()");
    }
}

public class Triangle extends Shape{
   
   
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Triangle.draw()");
    }
    @Override
    public void erase() {
        System.out.println("Triangle.erase()");
    }
}

import java.util.Random;

public class RandomShapeGenerator {
   
   
    private Random rand = new Random(47);
    public Shape next() {
        switch (rand.nextInt(3)) {
        default:
        case 0:
            return new Circle();
        case 1:
            return new Square();
        case 2:
            return new Triangle();
        }
    }
}

public class Shapes {
   
   
    private static RandomShapeGenerator gen = new RandomShapeGenerator();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Shape[] s = new Shape[9];
        for (int i = 0; i < s.length; i++) {
            s[i] = gen.next();
        }
        for (Shape shape : s) {
            shape.draw();
        }
    }
}

3.

/**
 * 练习3：在基类Shapes.java中添加一个新方法，用于打印一条消息，
 * 但导出类中不要覆盖这个方法。请解释发生了什么。现在，在其中一个导出
 * 类中覆盖该方法，而在其他的导出类中不予覆盖，观察又有什么发生。最后，
 * 在所有的导出类中覆盖这个方法。
 * @author admin11
 * @date 2018年3月28日
 */
public class Shape {
   
   
    public void draw() {}
    public void erase() {}
    public void testPrint() {
        System.out.println("shape.testPrint()");
    }
}

public class Circle extends Shape {
   
   
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Circle.draw()");
    }
    @Override
    public void erase() {
        System.out.println("Circle.erase()");
    }
    @Override
    public void testPrint() {
        System.out.println("Circle.testPrint()");
    }
}

public class Square extends Shape{
   
   
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Square.draw()");
    }
    @Override
    public void erase() {
        System.out.println("Square.erase()");
    }
    @Override
    public void testPrint() {
        System.out.println("Square.testPrint()");
    }
}

public class Triangle extends Shape{
   
   
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Triangle.draw()");
    }
    @Override
    public void erase() {
        System.out.println("Triangle.erase()");
    }
    @Override
    public void testPrint() {
        System.out.println("Triangle.testPrint()");
    }
}

import java.util.Random;

public class RandomShapeGenerator {
   
   
    private Random rand = new Random(47);
    public Shape next() {
        switch (rand.nextInt(3)) {
        default:
        case 0:
            return new Circle();
        case 1:
            return new Square();
        case 2:
            return new Triangle();
        }
    }
}

public class Shapes {
   
   
    private static RandomShapeGenerator gen = new RandomShapeGenerator();
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Shape[] s = new Shape[9];
        for (int i = 0; i < s.length; i++) {
            s[i] = gen.next();
        }
        for (Shape shape : s) {
            shape.draw();
            shape.testPrint();
        }
    }
}

4.

/**
 * 练习4：向Shapes.java中添加一个新的Shape类型，并在main()
 * 方法中验证：多态对新类型的作用是否与在旧类型中的一样。
 * @author admin11
 * @date 2018年3月28日
 */
class Shape {
    public void draw() {}
    public void erase() {}
    public void testPrint() {
        System.out.println("shape.testPrint()");
    }
}

class Circle extends Shape {
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Circle.draw()");