printf与[unsigned] char

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-23 16:09:54 发布

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本文探讨了C语言中指针类型与整数类型的转换，特别是如何通过指针操作查看整数在内存中的表现形式，并解释了不同类型的指针对打印结果的影响。

在订阅的某邮件列表里看见这样一个问题：

Hi, having coding in C for 3 years but I'm still not clear with this one.
Consider this code.
...
char *p;
unsigned int i = 0xcccccccc;
unsigned int j;
p = (char *) &i;
printf("%.2x %.2x %.2x %.2x\n", *p, p[1], p[2], p[3]);
memcpy(&j, p, sizeof(unsigned int));
printf("%x\n", j);
...
Output:
ffffffcc ffffffcc ffffffcc ffffffcc
0xcccccccc

My questions are:
1. Why it prints "ffffffcc ffffffcc ffffffcc ffffffcc"? (if p is
unsigned char* then it will print correctly "cc cc cc cc")
2. Why pointer to char p copied to j correctly, why not every member
in p overflow? since it is a signed char.

问题2我想不用多说了，我觉着没什么问题。

问题1是个不常用的printf特性，自己实验了一下。

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
        char a = 0xcc;
        unsigned char b = 0xcc;
        printf("%.2x\n", a);
        printf("%.2x\n", b);

        char *p = &a;
        unsigned char *q = &a;
        printf("%.2x\n", *p);
        printf("%.2x\n", *q);

        p = &b;
        q = &b;
        printf("%.2x\n", *p);
        printf("%.2x\n", *q);

        exit(0);
}

结果如下：

gcc printf.c && ./a.out
ffffff8c
cc
ffffff8c
8c
ffffffcc
cc

发现结论如下：

当以%.2x格式打印