本文介绍了一种在Android应用中实现U盘读写的解决方案，包括必要的权限配置、依赖库引入及具体的Java代码实现。文章提供了完整的示例代码，涵盖从权限请求到文件操作的具体步骤。
1.首先说一下问题，读取U盘里面的值是可以的，但是写的时候就会报错，是没有权限 报错 Permission denied
2.首先看到这个问题，搜索，得出 运行时权限
3.但是我想了想，我获取U盘值的时候没有出现，所以我读取的时候也不应该出现 暂时排除运行时权限
4.再搜索，大部分都是要获取到root权限，要么就是更改底层，我这边不能更改底层
5.再搜索，找到一个插件。
具体步骤：
1.app/build.grade下添加
compile
'com.github.mjdev:libaums:0.5.5'
2.AndroidManifest.xml
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
3.工具类 FileUtil.java
package com.youjiu.bodycompositionanalyser.unit; /** * Created by BAO on 2018/3/21. */ import android.os.Environment; import com.github.mjdev.libaums.fs.UsbFile; import com.github.mjdev.libaums.fs.UsbFileOutputStream; import java.io.Closeable; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import static android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory; /** * 文件操作工具类 * * @author ldm * @description： * @date 2016-4-28 下午3:17:10 */ public final class FileUtil { public static final String DEFAULT_BIN_DIR = "usb"; /** * 检测SD卡是否存在 */ public static boolean checkSDcard() { return Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment .getExternalStorageState()); } /** * 从指定文件夹获取文件 * * @return 如果文件不存在则创建, 如果如果无法创建文件或文件名为空则返回null */ public static File getSaveFile(String folderPath, String fileNmae) { File file = new File(getSavePath(folderPath) + File.separator + fileNmae); try { file.createNewFile(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return file; } /** * 获取SD卡下指定文件夹的绝对路径 * * @return 返回SD卡下的指定文件夹的绝对路径 */ public static String getSavePath(String folderName) { return getSaveFolder(folderName).getAbsolutePath(); } /** * 获取文件夹对象 * * @return 返回SD卡下的指定文件夹对象，若文件夹不存在则创建 */ public static File getSaveFolder(String folderName) { File file = new File(getExternalStorageDirectory() .getAbsoluteFile() + File.separator + folderName + File.separator); file.mkdirs(); return file; } /** * 关闭流 */ public static void closeIO(Closeable... closeables) { if (null == closeables || closeables.length <= 0) { return; } for (Closeable cb : closeables) { try { if (null == cb) { continue; } cb.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } private static void redFileStream(OutputStream os, InputStream is) throws IOException { int bytesRead = 0; byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 8]; while ((bytesRead = is.read(buffer)) != -1) { os.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead); } os.flush(); os.close(); is.close(); } /** * @description 把本地文件写入到U盘中 * @author ldm * @time 2017/8/22 10:22 */ public static void saveSDFile2OTG(final File f, final UsbFile usbFile) { UsbFile uFile = null; FileInputStream fis = null; try {//开始写入 fis = new FileInputStream(f);//读取选择的文件的 if (usbFile.isDirectory()) {//如果选择是个文件夹 UsbFile[] usbFiles = usbFile.listFiles(); if (usbFiles != null && usbFiles.length > 0) { for (UsbFile file : usbFiles) { if (file.getName().equals(f.getName())) { file.delete(); } } } uFile = usbFile.createFile(f.getName()); UsbFileOutputStream uos = new UsbFileOutputStream(uFile); try { redFileStream(uos, fis); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } catch (final Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
4.activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="com.ldm.androidudisk.MainActivity" android:orientation="vertical"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Android盒子外接U盘文件读写测试DEMO" android:layout_gravity="center" android:layout_margin="10dp" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/u_disk_edt" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_margin="10dp" android:hint="输入要保存到U盘中的文字内容"/> <Button android:id="@+id/u_disk_write" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_margin="10dp" android:gravity="center" android:text="往U盘中写入数据"/> <Button android:id="@+id/u_disk_read" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_margin="10dp" android:gravity="center" android:text="从U盘中读取数据"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/u_disk_show" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" android:layout_marginLeft="10dp" /> </LinearLayout>
5. MainActivity .java
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener { //输入的内容 private EditText u_disk_edt; //写入到U盘 private Button u_disk_write; //从U盘读取 private Button u_disk_read; //显示读取的内容 private TextView u_disk_show; //自定义U盘读写权限 private static final String ACTION_USB_PERMISSION = "com.android.example.USB_PERMISSION"; //当前处接U盘列表 private UsbMassStorageDevice[] storageDevices; //当前U盘所在文件目录 private UsbFile cFolder; private final static String U_DISK_FILE_NAME = "u_disk.txt"; private Handler mHandler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { switch (msg.what) { case 100: showToastMsg("保存成功"); break; case 101: String txt = msg.obj.toString(); if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(txt)) u_disk_show.setText("读取到的数据是：" + txt); break; } } }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); initViews(); } private void initViews() { u_disk_edt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.u_disk_edt); u_disk_write = (Button) findViewById(R.id.u_disk_write); u_disk_read = (Button) findViewById(R.id.u_disk_read); u_disk_show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.u_disk_show); u_disk_write.setOnClickListener(this); u_disk_read.setOnClickListener(this);
//注册广播，ondestory 要注销掉 我这里有点其他原因，没有注销
registerUDiskReceiver();// 第一次进入activity 获取列表，如果没有获取到，那么就只有进入这个页面 插拔U盘redUDiskDevsList();}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
switch (view.getId()) {
case R.id.u_disk_write:
final String content = u_disk_edt.getText().toString().trim();
mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
saveText2UDisk(content);
}
});
break;
case R.id.u_disk_read:
mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
readFromUDisk();
}
});
break;
}
}
private void readFromUDisk() {
UsbFile[] usbFiles = new UsbFile[0];
try {
usbFiles = cFolder.listFiles();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (null != usbFiles && usbFiles.length > 0) {
for (UsbFile usbFile : usbFiles) {
if (usbFile.getName().equals(U_DISK_FILE_NAME)) {
readTxtFromUDisk(usbFile);
}
}
}
}
/**
* @description 保存数据到U盘，目前是保存到根目录的
* @author ldm
* @time 2017/9/1 17:17
*/
private void saveText2UDisk(String content) {
//项目中也把文件保存在了SD卡，其实可以直接把文本读取到U盘指定文件
File file = FileUtil.getSaveFile(getPackageName()
+ File.separator + FileUtil.DEFAULT_BIN_DIR,
U_DISK_FILE_NAME);
try {
FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(file);
fw.write(content);
fw.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (null != cFolder) {
FileUtil.saveSDFile2OTG(file, cFolder);
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(100);
}
}
/**
* @description OTG广播注册
* @author ldm
* @time 2017/9/1 17:19
*/
private void registerUDiskReceiver() {
//监听otg插入 拔出
IntentFilter usbDeviceStateFilter = new IntentFilter();
usbDeviceStateFilter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED);
usbDeviceStateFilter.addAction(UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED);
registerReceiver(mOtgReceiver, usbDeviceStateFilter);
//注册监听自定义广播
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION);
registerReceiver(mOtgReceiver, filter);
}
/**
* @description OTG广播，监听U盘的插入及拔出
* @author ldm
* @time 2017/9/1 17:20
* @param
*/
private BroadcastReceiver mOtgReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
switch (action) {
case ACTION_USB_PERMISSION://接受到自定义广播
UsbDevice usbDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_DEVICE);
//允许权限申请
if (intent.getBooleanExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_PERMISSION_GRANTED, false)) {
if (usbDevice != null) {
//用户已授权，可以进行读取操作
readDevice(getUsbMass(usbDevice));
} else {
showToastMsg("没有插入U盘");
}
} else {
showToastMsg("未获取到U盘权限");
}
break;
case UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED://接收到U盘设备插入广播
UsbDevice device_add = intent.getParcelableExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_DEVICE);
if (device_add != null) {
//接收到U盘插入广播，尝试读取U盘设备数据
redUDiskDevsList();
}
break;
case UsbManager.ACTION_USB_DEVICE_DETACHED://接收到U盘设设备拔出广播
showToastMsg("U盘已拔出");
break;
}
}
};
/**
* @description U盘设备读取
* @author ldm
* @time 2017/9/1 17:20
*/
private void redUDiskDevsList() {
//设备管理器
UsbManager usbManager = (UsbManager) getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE);
//获取U盘存储设备
storageDevices = UsbMassStorageDevice.getMassStorageDevices(this);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, new Intent(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION), 0);
//一般手机只有1个OTG插口
for (UsbMassStorageDevice device : storageDevices) {
//读取设备是否有权限
if (usbManager.hasPermission(device.getUsbDevice())) {
readDevice(device);
} else {
//没有权限，进行申请
usbManager.requestPermission(device.getUsbDevice(), pendingIntent);
}
}
if (storageDevices.length == 0) {
showToastMsg("请插入可用的U盘");
}
}
private UsbMassStorageDevice getUsbMass(UsbDevice usbDevice) {
for (UsbMassStorageDevice device : storageDevices) {
if (usbDevice.equals(device.getUsbDevice())) {
return device;
}
}
return null;
}
private void readDevice(UsbMassStorageDevice device) {
try {
device.init();//初始化
//设备分区
Partition partition = device.getPartitions().get(0);
//文件系统
FileSystem currentFs = partition.getFileSystem();
currentFs.getVolumeLabel();//可以获取到设备的标识
//通过FileSystem可以获取当前U盘的一些存储信息，包括剩余空间大小，容量等等
Log.e("Capacity: ", currentFs.getCapacity() + "");
Log.e("Occupied Space: ", currentFs.getOccupiedSpace() + "");
Log.e("Free Space: ", currentFs.getFreeSpace() + "");
Log.e("Chunk size: ", currentFs.getChunkSize() + "");
cFolder = currentFs.getRootDirectory();//设置当前文件对象为根目录
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private void showToastMsg(String msg) {
Toast.makeText(this, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
private void readTxtFromUDisk(UsbFile usbFile) {
UsbFile descFile = usbFile;
//读取文件内容
InputStream is = new UsbFileInputStream(descFile);
//读取秘钥中的数据进行匹配
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
try {
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
String read;
while ((read = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(read);
}
Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage();
msg.what = 101;
msg.obj = read;
mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (bufferedReader != null) {
bufferedReader.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
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