mfc 某控件上显示图片的三种方法

最新推荐文章于 2026-05-07 05:54:41 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2026-05-07 05:54:41 发布 · 2.4k 阅读

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原文链接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1sa4y1s7FR?p=43

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MFC

图像处理

博客介绍了MFC显示图片的三种方法。一是利用CvvImage cimg显示，CvvImage是OpenCV1中的内容；二是用SetStretchBltMode显示，需定义CLearwindow和ShowImg函数并调用；三是用imshow显示，初始化时要进行设置。

mfc 显示图片的三种方法

代码来自于：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1sa4y1s7FR?p=43

方法一：利用CvvImage cimg;来显示

CvvImage 是oepncv1中的东西，在oepncv2， oepncv3中都没有这个东西。

代码：

Mat img = imread("1.jpg");
	IplImage *pImage;
	pImage=&IplImage(img);
	IplImage *pImage = cvLoadImage("1.jpg", CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED);  
	CDC *pDC = GetDlgItem(IDC_PIC1)->GetDC();
	HDC hDC =  pDC->GetSafeHdc();
	CRect rect;
	GetDlgItem(IDC_PIC1)->GetClientRect(&rect);
	CvvImage cimg;
	cimg.CopyOf(pImage);
	cimg.DrawToHDC(hDC, &rect);

CvvImage 源文件代码

#include "StdAfx.h"
#include "CvvImage.h"
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Construction/Destruction
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
CV_INLINE RECT NormalizeRect( RECT r );
CV_INLINE RECT NormalizeRect( RECT r )
{
   int t;
   if( r.left > r.right )
   {
      t = r.left;
      r.left = r.right;
      r.right = t;
   }
   if( r.top > r.bottom )
   {
      t = r.top;
      r.top = r.bottom;
      r.bottom = t;
   }

   return r;
}
CV_INLINE CvRect RectToCvRect( RECT sr );
CV_INLINE CvRect RectToCvRect( RECT sr )
{
   sr = NormalizeRect( sr );
   return cvRect( sr.left, sr.top, sr.right - sr.left, sr.bottom - sr.top );
}
CV_INLINE RECT CvRectToRect( CvRect sr );
CV_INLINE RECT CvRectToRect( CvRect sr )
{
   RECT dr;
   dr.left = sr.x;
   dr.top = sr.y;
   dr.right = sr.x + sr.width;
   dr.bottom = sr.y + sr.height;

   return dr;
}
CV_INLINE IplROI RectToROI( RECT r );
CV_INLINE IplROI RectToROI( RECT r )
{
   IplROI roi;
   r = NormalizeRect( r );
   roi.xOffset = r.left;
   roi.yOffset = r.top;
   roi.width = r.right - r.left;
   roi.height = r.bottom - r.top;
   roi.coi = 0;

   return roi;
}
void  FillBitmapInfo( BITMAPINFO* bmi, int width, int height, int bpp, int origin )
{
   assert( bmi && width >= 0 && height >= 0 && (bpp == 8 || bpp == 24 || bpp == 32));

   BITMAPINFOHEADER* bmih = &(bmi->bmiHeader);

   memset( bmih, 0, sizeof(*bmih));
   bmih->biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
   bmih->biWidth = width;
   bmih->biHeight = origin ? abs(height) : -abs(height);
   bmih->biPlanes = 1;
   bmih->biBitCount = (unsigned short)bpp;
   bmih->biCompression = BI_RGB;
   if( bpp == 8 )
   {
      RGBQUAD* palette = bmi->bmiColors;
      int i;
      for( i = 0; i < 256; i++ )
      {
         palette[i].rgbBlue = palette[i].rgbGreen = palette[i].rgbRed = (BYTE)i;
         palette[i].rgbReserved = 0;
      }
   }
}
CvvImage::CvvImage()
{
   m_img = 0;
}
void CvvImage::Destroy()
{
   cvReleaseImage( &m_img );
}
CvvImage::~CvvImage()
{
   Destroy();
}
bool  CvvImage::Create( int w, int h, int bpp, int origin )
{
   const unsigned max_img_size = 10000;

   if( (bpp != 8 && bpp != 24 && bpp != 32) ||
      (unsigned)w >=  max_img_size || (unsigned)h >= max_img_size ||
      (origin != IPL_ORIGIN_TL && origin != IPL_ORIGIN_BL))
   {
      assert(0); // most probably, it is a programming error
      return false;
   }
   if( !m_img || Bpp() != bpp || m_img->width != w || m_img->height != h )
   {
      if( m_img && m_img->nSize == sizeof(IplImage))
         Destroy();
      /* prepare IPL header */
      m_img = cvCreateImage( cvSize( w, h ), IPL_DEPTH_8U, bpp/8 );
   }
   if( m_img )
      m_img->origin = origin == 0 ? IPL_ORIGIN_TL : IPL_ORIGIN_BL;
   return m_img != 0;
}
void  CvvImage::CopyOf( CvvImage& image, int desired_color )
{
   IplImage* img = image.GetImage();
   if( img )
   {
      CopyOf( img, desired_color );
   }
}
#define HG_IS_IMAGE(img)                                                  \
   ((img) != 0 && ((const IplImage*)(img))->nSize == sizeof(IplImage) && \
   ((IplImage*)img)->imageData != 0)
void  CvvImage::CopyOf( IplImage* img, int desired_color )
{
   if( HG_IS_IMAGE(img) )
   {
      int color = desired_color;
      CvSize size = cvGetSize( img ); 
      if( color < 0 )
         color = img->nChannels > 1;
      if( Create( size.width, size.height,
         (!color ? 1 : img->nChannels > 1 ? img->nChannels : 3)*8,
         img->origin ))
      {
         cvConvertImage( img, m_img, 0 );
      }
   }
}
bool  CvvImage::Load( const char* filename, int desired_color )
{
   IplImage* img = cvLoadImage( filename, desired_color );
   if( !img )
      return false;

   CopyOf( img, desired_color );
   cvReleaseImage( &img );

   return true;
}
bool  CvvImage::LoadRect( const char* filename,
                   int desired_color, CvRect r )
{
   if( r.width < 0 || r.height < 0 ) return false;

   IplImage* img = cvLoadImage( filename, desired_color );
   if( !img )
      return false;
   if( r.width == 0 || r.height == 0 )
   {
      r.width = img->width;
      r.height = img->height;
      r.x = r.y = 0;
   }
   if( r.x > img->width || r.y > img->height ||
      r.x + r.width < 0 || r.y + r.height < 0 )
   {
      cvReleaseImage( &img );
      return false;
   }
   /* truncate r to source image */
   if( r.x < 0 )
   {
      r.width += r.x;
      r.x = 0;
   }
   if( r.y < 0 )
   {
      r.height += r.y;
      r.y = 0;
   }
   if( r.x + r.width > img->width )
      r.width = img->width - r.x;

   if( r.y + r.height > img->height )
      r.height = img->height - r.y;
   cvSetImageROI( img, r );
   CopyOf( img, desired_color );
   cvReleaseImage( &img );
   return true;
}
bool  CvvImage::Save( const char* filename )
{
   if( !m_img )
      return false;
   cvSaveImage( filename, m_img );
   return true;
}
void  CvvImage::Show( const char* window )
{
   if( m_img )
      cvShowImage( window, m_img );
}
void  CvvImage::Show( HDC dc, int x, int y, int w, int h, int from_x, int from_y )
{
   if( m_img && m_img->depth == IPL_DEPTH_8U )
   {
      uchar buffer[sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + 1024];
      BITMAPINFO* bmi = (BITMAPINFO*)buffer;
      int bmp_w = m_img->width, bmp_h = m_img->height;
      FillBitmapInfo( bmi, bmp_w, bmp_h, Bpp(), m_img->origin );
      from_x = MIN( MAX( from_x, 0 ), bmp_w - 1 );
      from_y = MIN( MAX( from_y, 0 ), bmp_h - 1 );
      int sw = MAX( MIN( bmp_w - from_x, w ), 0 );
      int sh = MAX( MIN( bmp_h - from_y, h ), 0 );
      SetDIBitsToDevice(
         dc, x, y, sw, sh, from_x, from_y, from_y, sh,
         m_img->imageData + from_y*m_img->widthStep,
         bmi, DIB_RGB_COLORS );
   }
}
void  CvvImage::DrawToHDC( HDC hDCDst, RECT* pDstRect ) 
{
   if( pDstRect && m_img && m_img->depth == IPL_DEPTH_8U && m_img->imageData )
   {
      uchar buffer[sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + 1024];
      BITMAPINFO* bmi = (BITMAPINFO*)buffer;
      int bmp_w = m_img->width, bmp_h = m_img->height;
      CvRect roi = cvGetImageROI( m_img );
      CvRect dst = RectToCvRect( *pDstRect );
      if( roi.width == dst.width && roi.height == dst.height )
      {
         Show( hDCDst, dst.x, dst.y, dst.width, dst.height, roi.x, roi.y );
         return;
      }
      if( roi.width > dst.width )
      {
         SetStretchBltMode(
            hDCDst,           // handle to device context
            HALFTONE );
      }
      else
      {
         SetStretchBltMode(
            hDCDst,           // handle to device context
            COLORONCOLOR );
      }
      FillBitmapInfo( bmi, bmp_w, bmp_h, Bpp(), m_img->origin );
      ::StretchDIBits(
         hDCDst,
         dst.x, dst.y, dst.width, dst.height,
         roi.x, roi.y, roi.width, roi.height,
         m_img->imageData, bmi, DIB_RGB_COLORS, SRCCOPY );
   }
}
void  CvvImage::Fill( int color )
{
   cvSet( m_img, cvScalar(color&255,(color>>8)&255,(color>>16)&255,(color>>24)&255) );
}

CvvImage 头文件

#pragma once
#ifndef CVVIMAGE_CLASS_DEF
#define CVVIMAGE_CLASS_DEF
#include "opencv.hpp"
/* CvvImage class definition */
class  CvvImage
{
public:
   CvvImage();
   virtual ~CvvImage();
   /* Create image (BGR or grayscale) */
   virtual bool  Create( int width, int height, int bits_per_pixel, int image_origin = 0 );
   /* Load image from specified file */
   virtual bool  Load( const char* filename, int desired_color = 1 );
   /* Load rectangle from the file */
   virtual bool  LoadRect( const char* filename,
      int desired_color, CvRect r );
#if defined WIN32 || defined _WIN32
   virtual bool  LoadRect( const char* filename,
      int desired_color, RECT r )
   {
      return LoadRect( filename, desired_color,
         cvRect( r.left, r.top, r.right - r.left, r.bottom - r.top ));
   }
#endif
   /* Save entire image to specified file. */
   virtual bool  Save( const char* filename );
   /* Get copy of input image ROI */
   virtual void  CopyOf( CvvImage& image, int desired_color = -1 );
   virtual void  CopyOf( IplImage* img, int desired_color = -1 );
   IplImage* GetImage() { return m_img; };
   virtual void  Destroy(void);
   /* width and height of ROI */
   int Width() { return !m_img ? 0 : !m_img->roi ? m_img->width : m_img->roi->width; };
   int Height() { return !m_img ? 0 : !m_img->roi ? m_img->height : m_img->roi->height;};
   int Bpp() { return m_img ? (m_img->depth & 255)*m_img->nChannels : 0; };
   virtual void  Fill( int color );
   /* draw to highgui window */
   virtual void  Show( const char* window );

#if defined WIN32 || defined _WIN32
   /* draw part of image to the specified DC */
   virtual void  Show( HDC dc, int x, int y, int width, int height,
      int from_x = 0, int from_y = 0 );
   /* draw the current image ROI to the specified rectangle of the destination DC */
   virtual void  DrawToHDC( HDC hDCDst, RECT* pDstRect );
#endif
protected:
   IplImage*  m_img;
};
typedef CvvImage CImage;
#endif

方法二：用SetStretchBltMode来显示

定义两个函数CLearwindow 和 ShowImg

void  CLesson42Dlg::CLearwindow(UINT ID) 
{
	CWnd* m_pMyWnd=GetDlgItem(ID);
	m_pMyWnd->ShowWindow( SW_HIDE ); //让控件重绘，达到清除原有内容的效果
	m_pMyWnd->ShowWindow( SW_SHOW ); //让控件重绘，达到清除原有内容的效果
}

void  CLesson42Dlg::ShowImg(cv::Mat mat, UINT ID)
{//显示mat在picture控件中 

	Mat temp;
	//图片基本信息
	int width = mat.cols;
	int height = mat.rows;
	int channels = mat.channels();
	int depth = mat.depth();
	int dims = mat.dims;


	CWnd* m_pMyWnd=GetDlgItem(ID);
	CDC *m_pDC = m_pMyWnd->GetDC();//获取窗口所拥有的设备上下文，用于显示图像

	CLearwindow(ID);
	m_pMyWnd->UpdateWindow();

	ATL::CImage cImage;
	cImage.Destroy();//这一步是防止重复利用造成内存问题
	cImage.Create(width,height,8*channels);

	// 如果是1个通道的图像(灰度图像) DIB格式才需要对调色板设置  。 CImage中内置了调色板，我们要对他进行赋值：

	if (1 == channels)
	{
		RGBQUAD* ColorTable;  
		int MaxColors=256;  
		//这里可以通过CI.GetMaxColorTableEntries()得到大小(如果你是CI.Load读入图像的话)  
		ColorTable = new RGBQUAD[MaxColors];  
		cImage.GetColorTable(0,MaxColors,ColorTable);//这里是取得指针  
		for (int i=0; i<MaxColors; i++)  
		{  
			ColorTable[i].rgbBlue = (BYTE)i;  
			ColorTable[i].rgbGreen = (BYTE)i;  
			ColorTable[i].rgbRed = (BYTE)i;  
		}  
		cImage.SetColorTable(0,MaxColors,ColorTable);  
		delete []ColorTable;  
	}

	if(depth==0){//CV_8U
		mat.copyTo(temp);
	}else if(depth==1){//CV_8S
		mat.convertTo(temp,CV_8U,255.0,0);
	}else if(depth==2){//CV_16U
		mat.convertTo(temp,CV_8U,255.0,0);
	}else if(depth==3){//CV_16S
		mat.convertTo(temp,CV_8U,255.0,0);
	}else if(depth==4){//CV_32S
		mat.convertTo(temp,CV_8U,255.0,0);
	}else if(depth==5){// CV_32F
		mat.convertTo(temp,CV_8U,255.0,0);
	}else if(depth==6){//CV_64F
		mat.convertTo(temp,CV_8U,255.0,0);
	}else if(depth==7){
		AfxMessageBox(L"Format Error    depth==7    Type = CV_USRTYPE1");
		return;
	}else{
		AfxMessageBox(L"Format Error. Type = Unknown");
		return;
	}

	uchar* ps;
	uchar* pimg = (uchar*)cImage.GetBits(); //获取CImage的像素存贮区的指针
	int step = cImage.GetPitch();//每行的字节数,注意这个返回值有正有负
	for (int i = 0; i < height; i++)
	{
		ps = temp.ptr<uchar>(i);
		for (int j = 0; j < width; j++)
		{
			if (1 == channels)
			{
				*(pimg + i*step + j) = ps[j];


			}
			else if (3 == channels)
			{
				*(pimg + i*step + j*3) = ps[j*3];
				*(pimg + i*step + j*3 + 1) = ps[j*3 + 1];
				*(pimg + i*step + j*3 + 2) = ps[j*3 + 2];
			}
		}
	}


	CRect rc;
	m_pMyWnd->GetWindowRect(&rc);

	/*InvalidateRect(m_pMyWnd->m_hWnd,&rc,true);*/
	int nwidth = rc.Width();
	int nheight = rc.Height();

	int fixed_width = min(cImage.GetWidth(),nwidth);
	int fixed_height = min(cImage.GetHeight(),nheight);

	double ratio_w = fixed_width / (double)cImage.GetWidth();
	double ratio_h = fixed_height / (double)cImage.GetHeight();
	double ratio = min(ratio_w,ratio_h);

	int show_width = (int)(cImage.GetWidth() * ratio);
	int show_height = (int)(cImage.GetHeight() * ratio);

	int offsetx = (nwidth - show_width) / 2;
	int offsety = (nheight - show_height) / 2;

	::SetStretchBltMode(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc(),COLORONCOLOR);//设置位图的伸缩模式
	cImage.StretchBlt(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc(),offsetx,offsety,show_width,show_height,
		0,0,cImage.GetWidth(),cImage.GetHeight(),SRCCOPY);
}

调用函数，显示图片

Mat img1 = imread("1.jpg");
	ShowImg(img1, IDC_PIC1);

	Mat img2 = imread("2.jpg");
	ShowImg(img2, IDC_PIC2);

方法三：用imshow来显示，但在初始化时需要设置下

在初始化时：

对话框构造函数处

CWnd *pWnd1 = GetDlgItem(IDC_PIC1); 
	pWnd1->GetClientRect(&rect1); 
	namedWindow("src1", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	HWND hWnd1 = (HWND) cvGetWindowHandle("src1");
	HWND hParent1 = ::GetParent(hWnd1);
	::SetParent(hWnd1, GetDlgItem(IDC_PIC1)->m_hWnd);
	::ShowWindow(hParent1, SW_HIDE);


	CWnd *pWnd2 = GetDlgItem(IDC_PIC2); 
	pWnd2->GetClientRect(&rect2); 
	namedWindow("src2", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	HWND hWnd2 = (HWND) cvGetWindowHandle("src2");
	HWND hParent2 = ::GetParent(hWnd2);
	::SetParent(hWnd2, GetDlgItem(IDC_PIC2)->m_hWnd);
	::ShowWindow(hParent2, SW_HIDE);

调用处

Mat img1 = imread("1.jpg");
	resize(img1, img1, Size(rect1.Width(), rect1.Height()) );
	imshow("src1", img1);

	Mat img2 = imread("2.jpg");
	resize(img2, img2, Size(rect2.Width(), rect2.Height()) );
	imshow("src2", img2);