关于centos7停止维护后yum install/update 等不可用的解决方法

先看问题：

Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error

[ljr@node1 git]$ sudo yum install curl-devel expat-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel gcc-c++
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"


 One of the configured repositories failed (Unknown),
 and yum doesn't have enough cached data to continue. At this point the only
 safe thing yum can do is fail. There are a few ways to work "fix" this:

     1. Contact the upstream for the repository and get them to fix the problem.

     2. Reconfigure the baseurl/etc. for the repository, to point to a working
        upstream. This is most often useful if you are using a newer
        distribution release than is supported by the repository (and the
        packages for the previous distribution release still work).

     3. Run the command with the repository temporarily disabled
            yum --disablerepo=<repoid> ...

     4. Disable the repository permanently, so yum won't use it by default. Yum
        will then just ignore the repository until you permanently enable it
        again or use --enablerepo for temporary usage:

            yum-config-manager --disable <repoid>
        or
            subscription-manager repos --disable=<repoid>

     5. Configure the failing repository to be skipped, if it is unavailable.
        Note that yum will try to contact the repo. when it runs most commands,
        so will have to try and fail each time (and thus. yum will be be much
        slower). If it is a very temporary problem though, this is often a nice
        compromise:

            yum-config-manager --save --setopt=<repoid>.skip_if_unavailable=true

Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo: base/7/x86_64

配置使用国内镜像源

方案一：使用阿里云镜像

# 备份原有配置
sudo cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

# 配置阿里云镜像（使用 vault 仓库）
sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo > /dev/null << 'EOF'
[base]
name=CentOS-7 - Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[updates]
name=CentOS-7 - Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[extras]
name=CentOS-7 - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF

完成上述配置后，

清理并更新 yum 缓存

# 清理缓存
sudo yum clean all
sudo rm -rf /var/cache/yum

# 更新缓存
sudo yum makecache

测试 yum 是否正常工作

# 测试基础仓库
sudo yum --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=base list available | head

# 安装基础工具
sudo yum install -y wget curl

如果上面步骤失败，尝试使用清华镜像

# 使用清华镜像
sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo > /dev/null << 'EOF'
[base]
name=CentOS-7 - Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[updates]
name=CentOS-7 - Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[extras]
name=CentOS-7 - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF

# 清理并重试
sudo yum clean all
sudo yum makecache