Linux下find命令的使用（命令+案例）

一、find的作用？

•递归式查找
•根据预设的条件递归查找对应的文件

二、find使用方法

– find [目录] [条件1]…

-type 类型（f文本文件、d目录、l快捷方式）

代码如下：

1. <span style="color:#000000"><code class="language-c"><span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>home <span style="color:#669900">-</span>type f

2. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>root <span style="color:#669900">-</span>type f

3.  

4. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>home <span style="color:#669900">-</span>type d

5. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>root <span style="color:#669900">-</span>type d

6.  

7. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>etc <span style="color:#669900">-</span>type l

8.  

9. </code></span>

-name “名称”

代码如下：

1. <span style="color:#000000"><code class="language-c"><span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>etc<span style="color:#669900">/</span> <span style="color:#669900">-</span>name <span style="color:#669900">"*.conf"</span>

2.  

3. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>etc<span style="color:#669900">/</span> <span style="color:#669900">-</span>name <span style="color:#669900">"*tab*"</span>

4.  

5. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>etc<span style="color:#669900">/</span> <span style="color:#669900">-</span>name <span style="color:#669900">"passwd"</span>

6.  

7. </code></span>

-size +或-文件大小（k、M、G）

1. <span style="color:#000000"><code class="language-c"><span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>boot<span style="color:#669900">/</span> <span style="color:#669900">-</span>size <span style="color:#669900">+</span><span style="color:#98c379">20</span>M

2.  

3. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>boot<span style="color:#669900">/</span> <span style="color:#669900">-</span>size <span style="color:#669900">-</span><span style="color:#98c379">10</span>M

4.  

5. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>boot<span style="color:#669900">/</span> <span style="color:#669900">-</span>size <span style="color:#669900">+</span><span style="color:#98c379">300</span>k

6.  

7. </code></span>

-user 用户名 #按照数据的所有者

1. <span style="color:#000000"><code class="language-c"><span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># useradd wxr #新建用户

2. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>home <span style="color:#669900">-</span>user zhangsan

3. </code></span>

-mtime 修改时间 #都是过去时间

1. <span style="color:#000000"><code class="language-c">三个月之前的数据：

2. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>root <span style="color:#669900">-</span>mtime <span style="color:#669900">+</span><span style="color:#98c379">90</span>

3.  

4. 查找最近一天内：

5. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span>root <span style="color:#669900">-</span>mtime <span style="color:#669900">-</span><span style="color:#98c379">1</span>

6.  

7. </code></span>

三、find高级使用处理查找的内容

案例：查找并处理文件
1. 利用find查找所有用户 student 拥有的必须是文件,把它们拷贝到 /root/findfiles/ 文件夹中

1. <span style="color:#000000"><code class="language-c"><span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># useradd student

2. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># mkdir <span style="color:#669900">/</span>root<span style="color:#669900">/</span>findfiles

3.  

4. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span> <span style="color:#669900">-</span>user student <span style="color:#669900">-</span>type f

5. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># find <span style="color:#669900">/</span> <span style="color:#669900">-</span>user student <span style="color:#669900">-</span>type f <span style="color:#669900">-</span>exec cp <span style="color:#999999">{</span><span style="color:#999999">}</span> <span style="color:#669900">/</span>root<span style="color:#669900">/</span>findfiles<span style="color:#669900">/</span> \<span style="color:#999999">;</span>

6. <span style="color:#999999">[</span>root@localhost <span style="color:#669900">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span># ls <span style="color:#669900">-</span>A <span style="color:#669900">/</span>root<span style="color:#669900">/</span>findfiles<span style="color:#669900">/</span>

7.  

8. </code></span>

• 操作方法：
find [范围] [条件] -exec 处理命令 {} ;

– -exec :额外操作开始
– {} ：find查询的结果
– ; ：额外操作结束
– 每找到一个符合条件的数据，直接传输给-exec，每次只传输一个参数    

end

Linux下find命令的使用（命令+案例）