Spring 和 Hibernate的集成

Spring对Hibernate的集成提供了很好的支持,Spring提供了对sessionfactory的初始化,用户不用再关心session的open,close,同时,Spring还提供了灵活的事务声明.

本文通过实例简单讲述如何在Spring中集成Hibernate.

1,将hibernate的配置加入到Spring的配置中(对datasource和sessionfactory进行配置):

<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">

<property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:ORCL" />
<property name="username" value="user" />
<property name="password" value="pwd" />
</bean>
<bean id="mySessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>com/test/spring/hibernate/Hbtest.hbm.xml
</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<value>
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.format_sql=true
hibernate.current_session_context_class=thread
</value>
</property>
</bean>

Hibernate的配置也可以单独放在hibernate.cfg.xml文件中,然后通过如下的配置指向config文件,这样在spring配置中就不要配置dataSource和其他Hibernate相关的信息了.

<bean id="mySessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:conf/Hibernate.cfg.xml" />
</bean>

2,将sessionfactory注入到DAO中,通过sessionfactory操作Hibernate提供的API:

<bean id="PlainHibernateDAO" class="com.test.spring.hibernate.PlainHibernateDAO">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="mySessionFactory" />
</bean>

应用实例:

1,通过继承HibernateDaoSupport 或者自己实例化HibernateTemplate来 使用HibernateTemplate, HibernateTemplate 会确保当前Hibernate的 Session 对象的正确打开和关闭，并直接参与到事务管理中去,不要用户去管session的打开和关闭.然后直接调用HibernateTemplate 提供的方法.

public class DAOSupportDAO extends HibernateDaoSupport {

public void persist2(Hbtest transientInstance) {
log.debug("persisting Hbtest instance");
try {
this.getHibernateTemplate().save(transientInstance);
log.debug("persist successful");
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
log.error("persist failed", re);
throw re;
}
}

...

}

2,通过继承HibernateDaoSupport 使用 SessionFactory.

public class DAOSupportDAO extends HibernateDaoSupport {
private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(DAOSupportDAO.class);

public void persist(Hbtest transientInstance) {
log.debug("persisting Hbtest instance");
try {
this.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession().save(transientInstance);
log.debug("persist successful");
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
log.error("persist failed", re);
throw re;
}
}

3,通过注入SessionFactory(推荐做法:好处是不会引入Spring的类)

public class PlainHibernateDAO {
private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(PlainHibernateDAO.class);
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}
public void persist(Hbtest transientInstance) {
log.debug("persisting Hbtest instance");
try {
sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(transientInstance);
log.debug("persist successful");
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
log.error("persist failed", re);
throw re;
}
}

对于事务的管理:

1,显示的用Hibernate提供的 SessionFactory.getCurrentSession().beginTransaction(),commit,这时候

hibernateProperties要配置hibernate.current_session_context_class=thread

<property name="hibernateProperties">
<value>
hibernate.current_session_context_class=thread

</value>

2,利用Spring的事务声明来做管理: hibernateProperties不能配置hibernate.current_session_context_class=thread

<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>

<bean id="txManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="mySessionFactory" />
</bean>

<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="persistOperation"
expression="execution(* com.test.spring.hibernate.PlainHibernateDAO.*(..))" />
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="persistOperation" />

</aop:config>