黑马程序员C++教程从0到1入门编程16模板--数组类的封装案列

数组类的封装

**
实现一个通用数组类
（1）可以对内置数据类型以及自定义数据类型的数据进行储存
（2）将数组中的数据储存到堆区
（3）构造函数中可以传入数组的容量
（4）提供对应的拷贝构造函数以及operator=防止浅拷贝问题
（5）提供尾插法和尾删法对数组中的数据进行增加和删除
（6）可以通过下标的方式访问数组中的元素
（7）可以获得数组当前元素个数和数组容量
**

mayarray.hpp文件

//自己通用的数组类
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

template<class T>
class MyArray
{
public:
	//有参构造 参数 容量
	MyArray(int capacity)
	{
		//cout << "myarray有参构造调用" << endl;
		this->m_Capacity = capacity;
		this->m_Size = 0;
		this->pAddress = new T[this->m_Capacity];
	}

	//拷贝构造
	MyArray(const MyArray& arr)
	{
		//cout << "myarray的operator参构造调用" << endl;
		this->m_Capacity = arr.m_Capacity;
		this->m_Size = arr.m_Size;
		//this->pAddress=arr.pAddress;

		//深拷贝
		this->m_Capacity = arr.m_Capacity;
		this->m_Size = arr.m_Size;
		this->pAddress = new T[arr.m_Capacity];

		//将arr中的数据都拷贝过来
		for (int i = 0;i < this->m_Size;i++)
		{
			this->pAddress[i] = arr.pAddress[i];
		}
	}

	//operator =防止浅拷贝问题
	MyArray& operator=(const MyArray& arr)
	{
		//判断原来堆区是否有数据，如果有先释放
		if (this->pAddress != NULL)
		{
			delete[] this->pAddress;
			this->pAddress = NULL;
			this->m_Capacity = 0;
			this->m_Size = 0;
		}

		//深拷贝
		this->m_Capacity = arr.m_Capacity;
		this->m_Size = arr.m_Size;
		this->pAddress = new T[arr.m_Capacity];
		for (int i = 0;i < this->m_Size;i++)
		{
			this->pAddress[i] = arr.pAddress[i];
		}
		return *this;
	}

	//尾插法
	void Push_Back(const T& val)
	{
		//判断容量是否等于大小
		if (this->m_Capacity == this->m_Size)
		{
			return;
		}
		this->pAddress[this->m_Size] = val;//在数组末位插入数据
		this->m_Size++;//更新数组大小

	}

	//尾删法
	void Pop_Back()
	{
		//让用户访问不到最后一个元素，即为尾删，逻辑删除
		if (this->m_Size == 0)
		{
			return;
		}
		this->m_Size--;
	}

	T& operator[](int index)
	{
		return this->pAddress[index];
	}

	//返回数组容量
	int getCapacity()
	{
		return this->m_Capacity;
	}
	//返回数组大小
	int getSize()
	{
		return this->m_Size;
	}
	//析构函数
	~MyArray()
	{
	//	cout << "myarray析构函数调用" << endl;
		if (this->pAddress != NULL)
		{
			delete[] this->pAddress;
			this->pAddress = NULL;
		}
	}
private:
	T*pAddress;//指针指向堆区开辟真实的数组
	
	int m_Capacity;//数组容量

	int m_Size;//数组大小
};

main.cpp文件

#pragma once//防止头文件包含
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include"myArray.hpp"
using namespace std;

//类模板案例-数组封装的需求
#if 1

void  printInArray(MyArray <int>&arr)
{
	for (int i = 0;i < arr.getSize();i++)
	{
		cout << arr[i] << endl;
	}
}
void test01()
{
	MyArray <int>arr1(5);

	for (int i = 0;i < 5;i++)
	{
		//利用尾插法向数组中插入数据
		arr1.Push_Back(i);
	}
	cout << "arr1的打印输出为：" << endl;

	printInArray(arr1);

	cout << "arr1的容量：" <<arr1.getCapacity()<< endl;

	cout << "arr1的大小：" <<arr1.getSize()<< endl;
	
	MyArray <int>arr2(arr1);
	cout << "arr1的打印输出为：" << endl;

	printInArray(arr2);

	//尾删
	arr2.Pop_Back();
	cout << "arr2的容量：" << arr2.getCapacity() << endl;

	cout << "arr2的大小：" << arr2.getSize() << endl;
	//MyArray <int>arr3(100);
	//arr3 = arr1;
}


//测试自动以数据类型
class Person
{
public:
	Person()
	{

	}
	Person(string name,int age)
	{
		this->m_age = age;
		this->m_name = name;
	}
	string m_name;
	int m_age;
};

void printPersonArray(MyArray<Person>&arr)
{
	for (int i = 0;i < arr.getSize(); i++)
	{
		cout << arr[i].m_name << " " << arr[i].m_age << endl;
	}
}

void test02()
{
	MyArray<Person>arr(10);

	Person p1("张三", 19);
	Person p2("张四", 11);
	Person p3("张五", 12);
	Person p4("张六", 14);
	Person p5("张一", 13);
	Person p6("张七", 15);

	//将数据插入到数组中
	arr.Push_Back(p1);
	arr.Push_Back(p2);
	arr.Push_Back(p3);
	arr.Push_Back(p4);
	arr.Push_Back(p5);
	arr.Push_Back(p6);

	//打印数组
	printPersonArray(arr);

	//输出容量
	cout << arr.getSize() << endl;
	//输出大小
	cout << arr.getCapacity() << endl;
}
#endif // 1


int main()
{
	test01();
	test02();
	//test03();

	system("pause");
	return 0;
}