c# 使用GDI+画曲线图

效果如图所示：

以下是代码：

public class Curve { //picture Bitmap retbit = new Bitmap(800, 600); // Font _textFont; //x,y value in actual float[] x; float[] y; //x,y scale in the axies float[] scale_X; float[] scale_Y; float X_Max; float Y_Max; float X_Min; float Y_Min; //x,y与图标长度的换算值 float ratio_X; float ratio_Y; //起始刻度 float ScaleX_Min; float ScaleX_Max; float ScaleY_Min; float ScaleY_Max; // int stepes_X; int stepes_Y; // float stepSize_X; float stepSize_Y; float range_X; float range_Y; // PointF[] drawPts; //刻度文字 string[] text_X; string[] text_Y; // SizeF lengthSizeText; //curve zone backcolor Color backColor_Curve; // float curvewidth; float curveheight; Pen arrowPen = new Pen(Color.Black, 1); //constructors public Curve() { } public Curve(PointF[] points) { x = new float[points.Length]; y = new float[points.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++) { x[i] = points[i].X; y[i] = points[i].Y; } InitializePoints(); DrawCurve(); } public Curve(float[] x, float[] y) { } // private void InitializePoints() { scale_X = new float[x.Length]; scale_Y = new float[x.Length]; drawPts = new PointF[x.Length]; // _textFont = new Font("宋体", 10); // ArrayList tempArray = new ArrayList(); X_Max = x[0]; Y_Max = y[0]; X_Min = x[0]; Y_Min = y[0]; for (int i = 1; i < x.Length; i++) { X_Max = Math.Max(X_Max, x[i]); X_Min = Math.Min(X_Min, x[i]); Y_Max = Math.Max(Y_Max, y[i]); Y_Min = Math.Min(Y_Min, y[i]); } range_X = X_Max - X_Min; range_Y = Y_Max - Y_Min; backColor_Curve = Color.LightGray; } // protected void DrawCurve() { Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(retbit); g.FillRectangle(Brushes.LightGray, new Rectangle(0, 0, retbit.Width, retbit.Height)); arrowPen.EndCap = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.LineCap.ArrowAnchor; arrowPen.CustomEndCap = new System.Drawing.Drawing2D.AdjustableArrowCap(arrowPen.Width * 3, arrowPen.Width * 5); Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Red); //计算y的起始刻度值 int tmpInt; stepSize_Y = (float)CalcStepSize(range_Y, 10); //y 最小刻度值 tmpInt = (int)(Y_Min / stepSize_Y); if (tmpInt < 0) tmpInt = tmpInt - 1; ScaleY_Min = tmpInt * stepSize_Y; //y最大刻度值 if (Y_Max % stepSize_Y == 0) tmpInt = (int)(Y_Max / stepSize_Y); else tmpInt = (int)(Y_Max / stepSize_Y + 1); ScaleY_Max = tmpInt * stepSize_Y; stepes_Y = (int)((ScaleY_Max - ScaleY_Min) / stepSize_Y)+1; //计算x的起始刻度值 stepSize_X = (float)CalcStepSize(range_X, 10); //x最小刻度 tmpInt = (int)(X_Min / stepSize_X); if (tmpInt < 0) tmpInt = tmpInt - 1; ScaleX_Min = tmpInt * stepSize_X; //x最大刻度 if (X_Max % stepSize_X == 0) tmpInt = (int)(X_Max / stepSize_X); else tmpInt = (int)(X_Max / stepSize_X + 1); ScaleX_Max = tmpInt * stepSize_X; stepes_X = (int)((ScaleX_Max - ScaleX_Min) / stepSize_X)+1; // float offset_X = 0; float offset_Y = 0; lengthSizeText = SetText(g,ref offset_X,ref offset_Y); //图标距离顶部的高度， //预留的坐标轴箭头空间 float curve_Top = lengthSizeText.Height/2; float curve_Right = lengthSizeText.Width / 2+1; offset_X = Math.Max(offset_X, lengthSizeText.Width / 2)+1; offset_Y = Math.Max(offset_Y, lengthSizeText.Height)+1; //图标区域实际的大小，用于计算坐标转换 curvewidth = retbit.Width - offset_X - curve_Right; curveheight = retbit.Height - offset_Y - curve_Top; ////axies //PointF pt_center = new PointF(offset_X, retbit.Height - offset_Y); //g.DrawLine(arrowPen, pt_center, new PointF(pt_center.X, 0));//y //g.DrawLine(arrowPen, pt_center, new PointF(retbit.Width, pt_center.Y));//x // ratio_X = curvewidth / ((ScaleX_Max - ScaleX_Min) ); ratio_Y = curveheight / ((ScaleY_Max - ScaleY_Min)); // // for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++) { drawPts[i] = new PointF(x[i] * ratio_X - ScaleX_Min * ratio_X, y[i] * ratio_Y - ScaleY_Min * ratio_Y); drawPts[i] = new PointF(drawPts[i].X, -drawPts[i].Y); } // g.TranslateTransform(offset_X, retbit.Height - offset_Y); //drawing g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(backColor_Curve), new RectangleF(0, -curveheight, curvewidth, curveheight)); //scales :x,y DrawScale(g); //curve g.DrawCurve(pen, drawPts); //symbol 画点 DrawSymbol(g); } // private SizeF SetText(Graphics g,ref float offset_X,ref float offset_Y) { //因为刻度值坐标轴移动的长度 offset_X = 0; offset_Y = 0; // float lengthText_X_Max = 0; float lengthText_Y_Max = 0; //坐标值 text_X = new string[stepes_X]; text_Y = new string[stepes_Y]; for (int i = 0; i < text_X.Length; i++) { text_X[i] = ScaleX_Min + i * stepSize_X + "f"; SizeF tmpSize = g.MeasureString(text_X[i], _textFont); offset_Y = Math.Max(offset_Y, tmpSize.Height); lengthText_X_Max = Math.Max(lengthText_X_Max, tmpSize.Width); } for (int i = 0; i < text_Y.Length; i++) { text_Y[i] = ScaleY_Min + i * stepSize_Y + ""; SizeF tmpSize = g.MeasureString(text_Y[i], _textFont); offset_X = Math.Max(offset_X, tmpSize.Width); lengthText_Y_Max = Math.Max(lengthText_Y_Max, tmpSize.Height); } return new SizeF(lengthText_X_Max, lengthText_Y_Max); } //画曲线的点 private void DrawSymbol(Graphics g) { Pen pen=new Pen(Color.Blue); float r = 2; for (int i = 0; i < drawPts.Length; i++) { PointF center = new PointF(drawPts[i].X - r, drawPts[i].Y - r); g.FillEllipse(new SolidBrush(backColor_Curve), center.X, center.Y, 2 * r, 2 * r); g.DrawEllipse(pen, center.X, center.Y, 2 * r, 2 * r); } } //画坐标轴 private void DrawScale(Graphics g) { //x,y axis PointF pt_center = new PointF(0, 0); g.DrawLine(arrowPen, pt_center, new PointF(pt_center.X, -curveheight));//y g.DrawLine(arrowPen, pt_center, new PointF(curvewidth, pt_center.Y));//x //grid DrawGrid(g); //micro grid DrawMicroGrid(g); //draw text 刻度值 DrawText(g); } private void DrawGrid(Graphics g) { Pen pen_Grid = new Pen(Color.Black); //x for (int i = 1; i < stepes_X; i++) { PointF pt1 = new PointF(i * stepSize_X * ratio_X, 0); PointF pt2 = new PointF(pt1.X, -curveheight); g.DrawLine(pen_Grid, pt1, pt2); } //y for (int i = 1; i < stepes_Y; i++) { PointF pt1 = new PointF(0, -i * stepSize_Y * ratio_Y); PointF pt2 = new PointF(curvewidth, pt1.Y); g.DrawLine(pen_Grid, pt1, pt2); } } private void DrawMicroGrid(Graphics g) { Pen pen_MGrid = new Pen(Color.Black); pen_MGrid.DashStyle = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.DashStyle.Dash; //x for (int i = 0; i < stepes_X-1; i++) { PointF pt1 = new PointF((i+0.5f) * stepSize_X * ratio_X, 0); PointF pt2 = new PointF(pt1.X, -curveheight); g.DrawLine(pen_MGrid, pt1, pt2); } //y for (int i = 0; i < stepes_Y-1; i++) { PointF pt1 = new PointF(0, -(i + 0.5f) * stepSize_Y * ratio_Y); PointF pt2 = new PointF(curvewidth, pt1.Y); g.DrawLine(pen_MGrid, pt1, pt2); } } private void DrawText(Graphics g) { Pen pen_Grid = new Pen(Color.Black); // int no_x = 1, no_y = 1; float tmp=stepSize_X * ratio_X; while (tmp <= lengthSizeText.Width) { tmp = tmp * 2; no_x *= 2; } tmp = stepSize_Y * ratio_Y; while (tmp < lengthSizeText.Height) { tmp *= 2; no_y *= 2; } //x for (int i = 0; i < stepes_X/no_x+1; i++) { if (i * no_x >= stepes_X) continue; string text = text_X[i * no_x]; SizeF textSize = g.MeasureString(text, _textFont); PointF pt1 = new PointF(i * no_x * stepSize_X * ratio_X - textSize.Width / 2, 5); g.DrawString(text, _textFont, Brushes.Black, pt1); } //y for (int i = 0; i < stepes_Y/no_y+1; i++) { if (i * no_y >= stepes_Y) return; string text = text_Y[i * no_y]; SizeF textSize = g.MeasureString(text, _textFont); PointF pt1 = new PointF(-textSize.Width-5, -i * no_y * stepSize_Y * ratio_Y-textSize.Height/2); g.DrawString(text, _textFont, Brushes.Black, pt1); } } // protected double CalcStepSize(double range, double targetSteps) { // Calculate an initial guess at step size double tempStep = range / targetSteps; // Get the magnitude of the step size double mag = Math.Floor(Math.Log10(tempStep)); double magPow = Math.Pow((double)10.0, mag); // Calculate most significant digit of the new step size double magMsd = ((int)(tempStep / magPow + .5)); // promote the MSD to either 1, 2, or 5 if (magMsd > 5.0) magMsd = 10.0; else if (magMsd > 2.0) magMsd = 5.0; else if (magMsd > 1.0) magMsd = 2.0; return magMsd * magPow; } //properties public Bitmap CurveImage { get { return retbit; } } }   

调用代码是：

//pts PointF[] pts = new PointF[]{ //new PointF(-0.3f,-2.23f), new PointF(0.4f,3.191f),new PointF(0.5f,4.264f),new PointF(0.6f,5.525f), new PointF(0.7f,6.964f),new PointF(0.8f,8.436f),new PointF(0.9f,9.582f), new PointF(1.0f,10f),new PointF(1.1f,9.654f),new PointF(1.2f,8.878f), new PointF(1.3f,7.998f),new PointF(1.4f,7.179f),new PointF(1.5f,6.470f), new PointF(1.6f,5.871f) }; Curve c = new Curve(pts); g.DrawImage(c.CurveImage, new Point(10, 10));   

由于最近没有时间，只能先把代码贴了上去。这是原稿还没怎么整理。

大家提提意见。准备后续开发一个图表控件。^.^

有一点bug，需要将curve.cs中的DrawCurve方法替换一下：

// public Bitmap DrawCurve(int width,int height) { retbit = new Bitmap(width, height); Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(retbit); g.FillRectangle(Brushes.LightGray, new Rectangle(0, 0, retbit.Width, retbit.Height)); arrowPen.EndCap = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.LineCap.ArrowAnchor; arrowPen.CustomEndCap = new System.Drawing.Drawing2D.AdjustableArrowCap(arrowPen.Width * 3, arrowPen.Width * 5); Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Red); //计算y的起始刻度值 int tmpInt; stepSize_Y = (float)CalcStepSize(range_Y, 10); //y 最小刻度值 tmpInt = Convert.ToInt32(Y_Min / stepSize_Y); if (tmpInt < 0) tmpInt = tmpInt - 1; ScaleY_Min = tmpInt * stepSize_Y; //y最大刻度值 if (Convert.ToInt32( Convert.ToInt32(Y_Max / stepSize_Y) - Y_Max / stepSize_Y)==0 ) tmpInt = Convert.ToInt32(Y_Max / stepSize_Y); else tmpInt = Convert.ToInt32(Y_Max / stepSize_Y + 1); ScaleY_Max = tmpInt * stepSize_Y; stepes_Y = Convert.ToInt32((ScaleY_Max - ScaleY_Min) / stepSize_Y)+1; //计算x的起始刻度值 stepSize_X = (float)CalcStepSize(range_X, 10); //x最小刻度 tmpInt = Convert.ToInt32(X_Min / stepSize_X); if (tmpInt < 0) tmpInt = tmpInt - 1; ScaleX_Min = tmpInt * stepSize_X; //x最大刻度 if (Convert.ToInt32(Convert.ToInt32(X_Max / stepSize_X) - X_Max/stepSize_X)==0) tmpInt = Convert.ToInt32(X_Max / stepSize_X); else tmpInt = Convert.ToInt32(X_Max / stepSize_X + 1); ScaleX_Max = tmpInt * stepSize_X; stepes_X = Convert.ToInt32((ScaleX_Max - ScaleX_Min) / stepSize_X)+1; // float offset_X = 0; float offset_Y = 0; lengthSizeText = SetText(g,ref offset_X,ref offset_Y); //图标距离顶部的高度， //预留的坐标轴箭头空间 float curve_Top = lengthSizeText.Height/2; float curve_Right = lengthSizeText.Width / 2+1; offset_X = Math.Max(offset_X, lengthSizeText.Width / 2)+1; offset_Y = Math.Max(offset_Y, lengthSizeText.Height)+1; //图标区域实际的大小，用于计算坐标转换 curvewidth = retbit.Width - offset_X - curve_Right; curveheight = retbit.Height - offset_Y - curve_Top; // ratio_X = curvewidth / ((ScaleX_Max - ScaleX_Min) ); ratio_Y = curveheight / ((ScaleY_Max - ScaleY_Min)); // // for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++) { drawPts[i] = new PointF(x[i] * ratio_X - ScaleX_Min * ratio_X, y[i] * ratio_Y - ScaleY_Min * ratio_Y); drawPts[i] = new PointF(drawPts[i].X, -drawPts[i].Y); } // g.TranslateTransform(offset_X, retbit.Height - offset_Y); //drawing g.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(backColor_Curve), new RectangleF(0, -curveheight, curvewidth, curveheight)); //scales :x,y DrawScale(g); //curve g.DrawCurve(pen, drawPts); //symbol 画点 DrawSymbol(g); return retbit; }

原因参见http://blog.csdn.net/wwei466/archive/2009/01/14/3776353.aspx