这篇博客详细介绍了在Android中实现高级图形图像处理的各种技术，包括绘制各种形状、渐变效果、图像裁剪、动画效果等。通过示例代码展示了如何使用shape文件和XML布局实现线性、扫描、放射状梯度渐变，以及如何运用属性动画实现透明、旋转、位移等效果。此外，还涵盖了拖曳管控、横竖屏切换视图适配、自定义View的尺寸和位置控制，以及状态栏消息通知的实现。
文章目录
- 1. 绘制矩形、扇形、圆角矩形
- 2.用xml代码布局文件实现复杂的图像
- 3.圆环形渐变
- 4.矩形渐变
- 5.渐变线
- 6.动态渐变
- 7.对图片进行裁剪
- 8.灵活的调用图片在Imageview显示
- 9.红色小圆球样式的新消息提醒
- 10.线性梯度渐变渲染(LinearGradient)
- 11.扫描梯度渐变渲染器(SweepGradient)
- 12.放射环状梯度渐变渲染器(RadialGradient)
- 13.用shape文件实现线性梯度渐变渲染
- 14.用shape文件实现放射状梯度渐变渲染
- 15.用shape文件实现扫描形梯度渐变渲染
- 16.透明渐变属性动画
- 17.旋转属性动画
- 18.位移属性动画
- 19.拉申属性动画
- 20.酷炫的动画往往不止一个效果，而是同时，或是按照一定序列联合执行一组动画集。AnimatorSet(动画集)
- 21.拖曳管控
- 22.横竖屏切换不同尺寸的view
- 23.onMeasure控制view的尺寸大小
- 24.onLayout控制子View的空间位置
- 25.Android手机在状态栏的消息通知
1. 绘制矩形、扇形、圆角矩形
// activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width="150dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:id="@+id/textview1" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="150dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:id="@+id/textview2"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="150dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:id="@+id/textview3"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="150dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:id="@+id/textview4"/>
</LinearLayout>
//main.java
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//圆角矩形
//PaintDrawable继承自ShapeDrawable
PaintDrawable drawable1=new PaintDrawable(Color.GREEN);
drawable1.setCornerRadius(60);//圆角弧度
findViewById(R.id.textview1).setBackgroundDrawable(drawable1);
//椭圆
OvalShape ovalShape = new OvalShape();
ShapeDrawable drawable2=new ShapeDrawable(ovalShape);
drawable2.getPaint().setColor(Color.BLUE);
drawable2.getPaint().setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);//填充形式为完全填充
findViewById(R.id.textview2).setBackgroundDrawable(drawable2);
//矩形
RectShape rectShape =new RectShape();
ShapeDrawable drawable3=new ShapeDrawable(rectShape);
drawable3.getPaint().setColor(Color.RED);
drawable3.getPaint().setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);//填充形式为完全填充
findViewById(R.id.textview3).setBackgroundDrawable(drawable3);
//弧度扇形
ArcShape arcShape = new ArcShape(100,120);//顺时针开始角度100°, 绘制区域为120°
ShapeDrawable drawable4=new ShapeDrawable(arcShape);
drawable4.getPaint().setColor(Color.BLACK);
drawable4.getPaint().setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);//填充形式为完全填充
findViewById(R.id.textview4).setBackgroundDrawable(drawable4);
}
2.用xml代码布局文件实现复杂的图像
IDE: Android studio
【1】创建Shape文件：
(1) 右击app->New->Android resource file
(2) File name: 填写Shape文件的名字（如 gradient）
(3) Resource type: Drawable
(4) Root element: shape
(5) Shape文件中的代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="oval"> // 定义一个椭圆
<gradient
android:angle="45"
android:centerColor="@android:color/holo_orange_dark"
android:endColor="@android:color/holo_blue_dark"
android:startColor="@android:color/holo_red_dark" />
<stroke //描边
android:width="10dip" //所描边的厚度
android:color="@android:color/black"
android:dashGap="50dip" //生成不连续间断的长度
android:dashWidth="111dip" //黑色断片的长度
/>
</shape>
【2】在布局文件activity_main.xml中加入
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:layout_height="300dp"
android:id="@+id/image_view"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:background="@drawable/gradient"
/>
</RelativeLayout>
【3】java代码中只需
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
3.圆环形渐变
shape文件代码如下(替换实例2的shap文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="ring"
android:thickness="20dp"
android:useLevel="false">
<gradient
android:angle="90"
android:centerColor="@android:color/holo_orange_dark"
android:endColor="@android:color/holo_blue_dark"
android:startColor="@android:color/holo_red_dark"/>
<stroke
android:width="5dp"
android:color="@android:color/black"/>
</shape>
4.矩形渐变
shape文件如下(替换实例2的shap文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="rectangle">
<gradient
android:angle="90"
android:centerColor="@android:color/holo_orange_dark"
android:endColor="@android:color/holo_blue_dark"
android:startColor="@android:color/holo_red_dark"/>
<stroke
android:width="5dp"
android:color="@android:color/black"/>
</shape>
5.渐变线
shape文件如下(替换实例2的shap文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="rectangle">
<gradient
android:angle="0"
android:centerColor="@android:color/holo_blue_light"
android:endColor="@android:color/transparent" //transparent为黑色全透明
android:startColor="@android:color/transparent"/>
<size android:height="1px"/>
</shape>
6.动态渐变
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Drawable[] drawables=new Drawable[]{new ColorDrawable(Color.TRANSPARENT),new ColorDrawable(Color.RED)};
TransitionDrawable mTransitionDrawable=new TransitionDrawable(drawables);
ImageView image=(ImageView)findViewById(R.id.image_view);
image.setImageDrawable(mTransitionDrawable);
mTransitionDrawable.setCrossFadeEnabled(true);
mTransitionDrawable.startTransition(10000);
}
7.对图片进行裁剪
#正常图像
ImageView image1=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image_view1);
image1.setImageResource(R.drawable.yes);
#矩形四角磨成圆脚
RoundedBitmapDrawable round= RoundedBitmapDrawableFactory.create(getResources()
, BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.drawable.yes));
round.getPaint().setAntiAlias(true);
round.setCornerRadius(30);
ImageView image2=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image_view2);
image2.setImageDrawable(round);
#裁剪为圆形图像
Bitmap bitmap=BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.drawable.yes);
RoundedBitmapDrawable circle= RoundedBitmapDrawableFactory.create(getResources()
, BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.drawable.yes));
circle.getPaint().setAntiAlias(true);
circle.setCornerRadius(Math.max(bitmap.getWidth(),bitmap.getHeight()));
ImageView image3=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image_view3);
image3.setImageDrawable(circle);
8.灵活的调用图片在Imageview显示
p.xml(在drawable中）代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<level-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:maxLevel="1" android:drawable="@drawable/a"/>
<item android:maxLevel="2" android:drawable="@drawable/b"/>
<item android:maxLevel="3" android:drawable="@drawable/c"/>
</level-list>
*.java
ImageView image1=(ImageView) findViewById(R.id.image_view1);
image1.setImageResource(R.drawable.p);
image1.setImageLevel(3);
9.红色小圆球样式的新消息提醒
*.java
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
shape文件（round.xml）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!--填充颜色值-->
<solid android:color="#FFA500"/>
<!--radius值越大，越趋于圆形-->
<corners android:radius="5dip" />
<!--圆角图像内部填充四周的大小，将会已此挤压内部布置的view-->
<padding
android:bottom="3dip"
android:left="3dip"
android:right="3dip"
android:top="3dip"/>
</shape>
shape文件（tips_circle.xml）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="oval"
android:useLevel="false">
<solid android:color="#FF0000"/>
</shape>
布局文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--(帧布局)
android:layout_margin就是设置view的上下左右边框的额外空间-->
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="1dp">
<!--用mipmap系统会在缩放上提供一定的性能优化。
src是图片内容（前景），background是背景，可以同时使用-->
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/image_view"
android:layout_margin="10dip"
android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:background="@drawable/round" />
<!--layout_gravity是相对于父布局来说.gravity就是相对于控件本身来用的.
layout_gravity是想在父布局里面改变位置的时候用的，
而gravity是想改变自己内部东西位置是用的.
android:textStyle设置字形[bold(粗体) 0, italic(斜体) 1, bolditalic(又粗又斜) 2]
可以设置一个或多个，用“|”隔开-->
<TextView
android:layout_width="25dip"
android:layout_height="25dip"
android:layout_gravity="right|top"
android:background="@drawable/tips_circle"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="5"
android:textColor="@android:color/white"
android:textSize="15dip"
android:textStyle="bold"/>
</FrameLayout>
Android常见的渲染器有三种:LinearGradient、SweepGradient、RadialGradient
10.线性梯度渐变渲染(LinearGradient)
//activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:id="@+id/li">
</LinearLayout>
重写view中的ondraw,LinearGradientVIew .java
public class LinearGradientVIew extends View {
//
LinearGradient linearGrandient1,linearGrandient2,linearGrandient3,linearGrandient4,linearGrandient5;
Paint paint1,paint2,paint3,paint4,paint5;
public LinearGradientVIew(Context context) {
super(context);
linearGrandient1=new LinearGradient(0,0,300,0,new int[]{Color.RED,Color.YELLOW,Color.BLUE},null, Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);
paint1=new Paint();
linearGrandient2=new LinearGradient(0,0,300,0,new int[]{Color.RED,Color.YELLOW,Color.BLUE},null, Shader.TileMode.MIRROR);
paint2=new Paint();
linearGrandient3=new LinearGradient(0,0,300,0,new int[]{Color.RED,Color.YELLOW,Color.BLUE},null, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP);
paint3=new Paint();
//绘制起点(0,0)，绘制终点(100,100)。然后已此图形进行对称渲染，渲染样式为CLAMP(拉伸模式)、MIRROR(平面镜)、REPEAT(重复渲染)
linearGrandient4=new LinearGradient(0,0,100,100,new int[]{Color.RED,Color.YELLOW,Color.BLUE},null, Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);
paint4=new Paint();
linearGrandient5=new LinearGradient(0,300,300,0,new int[]{Color.RED,Color.YELLOW,Color.BLUE},null, Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);
paint5=new Paint();
}
//onDraw()方法负责绘制，即如果我们希望得到的效果在Android原生控件中没有现成的支持，
// 那么我们就需要自己绘制我们的自定义控件的显示效果。
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
int left=10,top=20,right=0,bottom=0;
right=this.getWidth()-left;
bottom=this.getHeight()/5;
paint1.setShader(linearGrandient1);
Rect rect1=new Rect(left,top,right,bottom);
canvas.drawRect(rect1,paint1);
top=top+bottom;
paint2.setShader(linearGrandient2);
Rect rect2=new Rect(left,top,right,bottom*2);
canvas.drawRect(rect2,paint2);
top=top+bottom;
paint3.setShader(linearGrandient3);
Rect rect3=new Rect(left,top,right,bottom*3);
canvas.drawRect(rect3,paint3);
top=top+bottom;
paint4.setShader(linearGrandient4);
Rect rect4=new Rect(left,top,right,bottom*4);
canvas.drawRect(rect4,paint4);
top=top+bottom;
paint5.setShader(linearGrandient5);
Rect rect5=new Rect(left,top,right,bottom*5);
canvas.drawRect(rect5,paint5);
}
}
main_activity.java
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
LinearGradientVIew view1;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
view1=new LinearGradientVIew(getApplicationContext());
LinearLayout lin=(LinearLayout)findViewById(R.id.li);
lin.addView(view1);
}
}
11.扫描梯度渐变渲染器(SweepGradient)
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:id="@+id/li">
<!--包名.类名-->
<yu.myapplication.SweepGradientView
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"></yu.myapplication.SweepGradientView>
</LinearLayout>
SweepGradientView .java
public class SweepGradientView extends View {
SweepGradient mSweepGradient;
Paint mPaint;
Canvas canvas;
////在MainActivity.java文件中调用自己写的view时调用该构造方法
public SweepGradientView(Context context) {
super(context);
}
//在xml布局文件中调用自己写的view时调用改构造方法
public SweepGradientView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
mSweepGradient=new SweepGradient(this.getWidth()/2,this.getHeight()/2,
new int[]{Color.TRANSPARENT,Color.RED,Color.TRANSPARENT,Color.
YELLOW,Color.BLUE},null);
mPaint=new Paint();
mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
mPaint.setShader(mSweepGradient);
canvas.drawCircle(this.getWidth()/2,this.getHeight()/2,300,mPaint);
}
//Android通过onMeasure()测量View的大小,默认情况下是EXACTLY模式
//EXACTLY 精确模式 例如layout_height=”50dp”或是=”match_parent”
//AT_MOST 最大值模式 就是warp_content
//UNSPECIFIED 通过字面意思就是没有指定尺寸
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
//先声明两个int值来表示最终的width和height并给定一个默认的大小
int width_size = 100;
int height_size = 100;
//使用MeasureSpec分别获取width和height的MODE和SIZE
int HEIGHT_MODE = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
int HEIGHT_SIZE = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
int WIDTH_MODE = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
int WIDTH_SIZE = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
if (HEIGHT_MODE == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
height_size = HEIGHT_SIZE; //如果测量模式是精确的话 那么就直接使用获取到的值就好了
}else if (HEIGHT_MODE == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){ //如果是最大值模式的话 那么久比较获取的和设定的默认值那个小就使用那个.ps:Math.min(int a,int b)是比较数值大小的.
height_size = Math.min(HEIGHT_SIZE,height_size);
}
if (WIDTH_MODE == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY){
width_size = WIDTH_SIZE;
}else if (WIDTH_MODE == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){
width_size = Math.min(WIDTH_SIZE,width_size);
}
//测量完毕后得到的了width和height通过setMeasuredDimension()设置width和height,真正决定具体大小的是setMeasuredDimension()的两个参数.
setMeasuredDimension(width_size,height_size);
}
}
MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
SweepGradientView view1;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
}
12.放射环状梯度渐变渲染器(RadialGradient)
RadialGradientView .java
public class RadialGradientView extends View {
private float radius =480;
private RadialGradient mRadialGradient;
private Paint mPaint;
public RadialGradientView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
mRadialGradient=new RadialGradient(this.getWidth()/2,this.getHeight()/2,
radius,new int[]{Color.RED,Color.TRANSPARENT,Color.BLACK},null,
Shader.TileMode.CLAMP);
mPaint=new Paint();
mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
mPaint.setShader(mRadialGradient);
canvas.drawCircle(this.getWidth()/2,this.getHeight()/2,radius,mPaint);
}
}
MainActivity.java与例子11相同。只需将例11中activity_main.xml里的包名.类名改为包名.RadialGradientView 。
13.用shape文件实现线性梯度渐变渲染
gradient.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!--angle(渐变的角度)设置为0或者180，决定渐变的方向是水平地从左往右，还是从右往左.-->
<gradient
android:angle="45"
android:centerColor="@android:color/holo_orange_light"
android:endColor="@android:color/holo_blue_light"
android:startColor="@android:color/holo_red_light"
android:type="linear"/>
</shape>
MainActivity.java和activity_main.xml与例子2中的一样
14.用shape文件实现放射状梯度渐变渲染
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!--gradientRadius为渐变尺度(半径),centerX和centerY为渐变圆的圆心取值为0~1的浮点数-->
<gradient
android:centerColor="@android:color/holo_red_light"
android:endColor="@android:color/holo_blue_light"
android:startColor="@android:color/holo_orange_light"
android:gradientRadius="200dp"
android:centerX="0"
android:centerY="0.8"
android:type="radial" />
</shape>
MainActivity.java和activity_main.xml与例子2中的一样
15.用shape文件实现扫描形梯度渐变渲染
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:shape="oval">
<!--centerX和centerY为渐变中心取值为0~1的浮点数-->
<gradient
android:centerColor="@android:color/holo_red_light"
android:endColor="@android:color/holo_blue_light"
android:startColor="@android:color/holo_orange_light"
android:centerX="0.5"
android:centerY="0.5"
android:type="sweep" />
</shape>
MainActivity.java和activity_main.xml与例子2中的一样
16.透明渐变属性动画
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
TextView mTextView;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mTextView= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.li);
startPropertyAnim();//动画的执行要在主线程中执行
}
private void startPropertyAnim(){
//1->0.1->1->0.5->1(完全不透明)
ObjectAnimator mObjectAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(mTextView,"alpha",1f,0.1f,1f,0.5f,1f);
mObjectAnimator.setDuration(5000);//动画持续时间
//这是一个回掉监听，获取属性动画在执行期间的具体值
/*mObjectAnimator.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
@Override
public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
float value= (float) animation.getAnimatedValue();
//Log.d("动画的值",value+"");
}
});*/
mObjectAnimator.start();
}
}
17.旋转属性动画
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
TextView mTextView;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mTextView= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.li);
startPropertyAnim();//动画的执行要在主线程中执行
}
private void startPropertyAnim(){
//rotation(旋转动画)，0f~360f为mTextView顺时针旋转360度
ObjectAnimator mObjectAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(mTextView,"rotation",0f,360f);
mObjectAnimator.setDuration(5000);//动画持续时间
//这是一个回掉监听，获取属性动画在执行期间的具体值
/*mObjectAnimator.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
@Override
public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
float value= (float) animation.getAnimatedValue();
//Log.d("动画的值",value+"");
}
});*/
mObjectAnimator.start();
}
}
18.位移属性动画
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{
TextView mTextView;
ObjectAnimator mObjectAnimator;
Button but;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mTextView= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.li);
startPropertyAnim();//动画的执行要在主线程中执行
but= (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
but.setOnClickListener(this);
}
private void startPropertyAnim(){
float translationX=mTextView.getTranslationX();
//translationX(水平位移)、translationY(垂直位移)；
//ofFloat(,,开始位置，中间位置，结束位置)
mObjectAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(mTextView,"translationX",translationX,500f,translationX);
mObjectAnimator.setDuration(5000);//动画持续时间
//mObjectAnimator.start();
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mObjectAnimator.start();
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="@android:color/black">
<TextView
android:layout_width="48dp"
android:layout_height="140dp"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="150dp"
android:text="YE"
android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_light"
android:id="@+id/li"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/button"
android:layout_margin="90dp"
android:text="yes"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />
</LinearLayout>
19.拉申属性动画
替换例18中的startPropertyAnim就可。
private void startPropertyAnim(){
//ofFloat(,,开始拉申长度，中间拉申长度，结束拉申长度)
mObjectAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(mTextView,"scaleX",1f,5f,5f);
mObjectAnimator.setDuration(5000);//动画持续时间
//mObjectAnimator.start();
}
20.酷炫的动画往往不止一个效果，而是同时，或是按照一定序列联合执行一组动画集。AnimatorSet(动画集)
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{
TextView mTextView;
ObjectAnimator alpha,rotation,translationX,scaley;
Button but;
AnimatorSet mAnimatorset;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mTextView= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.li);
startPropertyAnim();//动画的执行要在主线程中执行
but= (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
but.setOnClickListener(this);
}
private void startPropertyAnim(){
//透明渐变
alpha = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(mTextView,"alpha",1f,0f,1f);
//旋转
rotation= ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(mTextView,"rotation",0f,360f);
//位移
float translationx=mTextView.getTranslationX();
translationX=ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(mTextView,"translationX",translationx,200f,translationx);
//缩放
scaley= ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(mTextView,"scaleY",1f,5f,1f);
mAnimatorset=new AnimatorSet();
mAnimatorset.setDuration(1000);//动画持续时间
mAnimatorset.addListener(new AnimatorListenerAdapter() {
@Override
public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) {
super.onAnimationEnd(animation);
//动画结束
}
@Override
public void onAnimationStart(Animator animation) {
super.onAnimationStart(animation);
//动画开始
}
});
/*
play()
with(a) a与现有动画同时执行
before(a) a在现有动画之后执行
after(a) a在现有动画之前执行
*/
//先执行after()，再次同时执行play()和with(),其次执行before()
mAnimatorset.play(alpha).with(rotation).before(scaley).after(translationX);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mAnimatorset.start();
}
}
布局文件在例18
21.拖曳管控
1.实现三个TextView的拖曳
// myActivity.java
public class myActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_my_layout);
}
}
// MyLayout.java
public class MyLayout extends LinearLayout {
private ViewDragHelper mViewDragHelper;
public MyLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
mViewDragHelper=ViewDragHelper.create(this,1.0f,new ViewDragHelperCallback());
}
//回调函数
private class ViewDragHelperCallback extends ViewDragHelper.Callback{
@Override
public boolean tryCaptureView(View child, int pointerId) {
///return false;
return true; //view允许被托曳移动
}
@Override
public int clampViewPositionHorizontal(View child, int left, int dx) {
//return super.clampViewPositionHorizontal(child, left, dx);
return left;
}
@Override
public int clampViewPositionVertical(View child, int top, int dy) {
//return super.clampViewPositionVertical(child, top, dy);
return top;
}
@Override
public void onViewDragStateChanged(int state) {
super.onViewDragStateChanged(state);
}
}
@Override
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
//return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
return mViewDragHelper.shouldInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
}
//分析处有效的屏幕滑动事件
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
//return super.onTouchEvent(event);
mViewDragHelper.processTouchEvent(event);
return true;
}
}
// activity_my_layout.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<yu.myapplication.MyLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/red"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:background="@android:color/holo_red_light"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/yellow"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:background="@android:color/holo_orange_light"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/blue"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_light"/>
</yu.myapplication.MyLayout>
2.实现三个TextView的拖曳让其不能越界
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_my_layout);
}
public class MyLayout extends LinearLayout {
private ViewDragHelper mViewDragHelper;
public MyLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
mViewDragHelper=ViewDragHelper.create(this,1.0f,new ViewDragHelperCallback());
}
//回调函数
private class ViewDragHelperCallback extends ViewDragHelper.Callback{
@Override
public boolean tryCaptureView(View child, int pointerId) {
//红色view不允许被托曳移动
if(child.getId()==R.id.red)
return false;
return true; //view允许被托曳移动
}
//控制水平方向的view位置.left为该view左边水平坐标.
@Override
public int clampViewPositionHorizontal(View child, int left, int dx) {
//return super.clampViewPositionHorizontal(child, left, dx);
//getPaddingLeft()为距父view的左边宽度(是一个固定值,由父view设定.可认为子view的左起点宽度)
if(getPaddingLeft()>left) //让子view不能往左边越界
return getPaddingLeft();
//getWidth()为父view的宽度
//getPaddingLeft()为距父view的右边宽度(是一个固定值,由父view设定.可认为子view的右起点宽度)
if(getWidth()-child.getWidth()-getPaddingRight()<left)//让子view不能往右边越界
return getWidth()-child.getWidth()-getPaddingRight();
return left;
}
//控制垂直方向的view位置,top为左上角纵坐标
@Override
public int clampViewPositionVertical(View child, int top, int dy) {
//return super.clampViewPositionVertical(child, top, dy);
if(getHeight()-child.getHeight()-getPaddingBottom()<top)//让子view不能往下边越界
return getHeight()-child.getHeight()-getPaddingBottom();
if(top<getPaddingTop())//让子view不能往上边越界
return getPaddingTop();
return top;
}
@Override
public void onViewDragStateChanged(int state) {
super.onViewDragStateChanged(state);
}
}
@Override
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
//return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
return mViewDragHelper.shouldInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
}
//分析处有效的屏幕滑动事件
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
//return super.onTouchEvent(event);
mViewDragHelper.processTouchEvent(event);
return true;
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<yu.myapplication.MyLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingLeft="60dp"
android:paddingRight="30dp"
android:orientation="vertical">
<!--paddingLeft的作用是：让控件里的内容距控件边上有一定的距离,
此时子view往左边60dp拉父view会将它覆盖.其它同理-->
<TextView
android:id="@+id/red"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:background="@android:color/holo_red_light"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/yellow"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:background="@android:color/holo_orange_light"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/blue"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_light"/>
</yu.myapplication.MyLayout>
22.横竖屏切换不同尺寸的view
（本节采用的是两套不同屏幕方向的xml布局文件资源，可灵活配置和快捷开发。降低后期对java代码的维护。）
Android layout属性大全：
https://www.jianshu.com/p/62237e236d0b
如何在Android Studio创建layout_land.xml：
https://blog.csdn.net/lin_dianwei/article/details/64123800
创建后：
在res/layout/activity_main.xml(2)下有两个布局文件分别是activity_main.xml(land)
和activity_main.xml(port)。land(横屏、大屏)，port(竖屏、小屏).
注意：以下两个布局文件名都为activity_main.xml。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<!--
layout_centerInParent：相对于父元素完全居中
gravity是设置自身内部元素的对齐方式。
-->
<TextView
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:gravity="center"
android:background="@android:color/holo_red_light"
android:text="竖屏布局"
android:id="@+id/textView" />
</RelativeLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<!--
layout_centerInParent：相对于父元素完全居中
gravity是设置自身内部元素的对齐方式。
-->
<TextView
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:gravity="center"
android:background="@android:color/holo_red_light"
android:text="横屏布局"/>
</RelativeLayout>
*.java 的Activity中只需加
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
23.onMeasure控制view的尺寸大小
onMeasure才是从根本上决定View的尺寸大小的因素,它是view的一个函数。
MyView.java
public class MyView extends View {
public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
this.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);
}
//onMeasure可分为两个阶段
//第一阶段：测量阶段
//第二阶段：赋值阶段
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
//super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
//测量宽度
int width=measureWidth(100,widthMeasureSpec);
//android提供个一些便捷的方式直接计算宽、高值。其实getDefaultSiz()和measureWidth()相似.
int height = this.getDefaultSize(100,heightMeasureSpec);
//给自定义view设置具体的宽和高
setMeasuredDimension(width,height);
}
private int measureWidth(int size,int measureSpec){
//size为初始化值
int result = size;
//获取测量模式
int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
//该值为Android系统为view测量后默认的宽的值
int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);
switch (specMode){
//没有明确定义，不常用
case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
break;
//最多，尽可能多，此种模式指父布局为wrap_content
case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
result=specSize;
break;
//精确的完全的,此种模式指父布局为match_content或一个具体值
case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
result = size;
break;
}
return result;
}
}
布局文件layout_1.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<yu.myprocject.MyView
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
></yu.myprocject.MyView>
</LinearLayout>
Activity只需
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.layout_1);
}
}
24.onLayout控制子View的空间位置
onMeasure()控制View的具体宽、高大小。onLayout()控制View的空间摆放位置。
Android常用的布局，它们的最关键的工作就是摆放View的位置。这一过程的关键既是onLayout()。onLayout在onMeasure之后调用。
public class MyLayout extends ViewGroup {
public MyLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
}
//onMeasure主要的作用就是测量ViewGroup的大小(即测量内部子View适合的大小，由此确定ViewGroup(容器)的大小)。
/* int widthMeasureSpec， int heightMeasureSpec 。他们是父类传递过来给当前view的一个建议值，
虽然表面上看起来他们是int类型的数字，其实他们是由mode+size两部分组成的。
前两位代表mode(测量模式)，后面28位才是他们的实际数值（size）。*/
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
//super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
int measuredWidth = 0;
int measuredHeight= 0;
//返回父View下直接子View的个数
int count=getChildCount();
for(int i=0;i<count;i++){
View v= this.getChildAt(i);
/*getVisibility()返回的值：
visible 0，显示控件，控件可点击
invisible 4，不显示控件，但保留控件所占有的空间，控件不可点击
gone 8，隐藏控件，即不保留控件所占有的空间，控件不可点击*/
if(v.getVisibility()!=View.GONE){
this.measureChild(v,widthMeasureSpec,heightMeasureSpec);//测量子View
//getMeasuredWidth()获取的是View原始的大小，也就是这个View在XML文件中配置或者是代码中设置的宽度大小。
measuredWidth=Math.max(measuredWidth,v.getMeasuredWidth());//取得最宽的子View作为宽度
//结束循环后为所有子View高度之和
measuredHeight+=v.getMeasuredHeight();
}
}
measuredWidth+=getPaddingLeft()+getPaddingRight();
measuredHeight+=getPaddingTop()+getPaddingBottom();
this.setMeasuredDimension(measuredWidth,measuredHeight);
}
/* ViewGroup可认为是一个矩形容器,
l可认为是该ViewGroup左边距屏幕左边框的间距；
t可认为是该ViewGroup上边距屏幕上边框的间距；
r可认为是该ViewGroup右边距屏幕左边框的距离；
b可认为是该ViewGroup下边距屏幕上边框的距离；*/
//该函数是为子View在ViewGroup(容器)里分配位置.
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
int count=this.getChildCount();
//System.out.println("l: "+l+" t:"+t+" r:"+r+" b:"+b);
for(int i=0;i<count;i++){
View v=getChildAt(i);
if(v.getVisibility()!=View.GONE){
int chlidHeight=v.getMeasuredHeight();
//v.layout(x1,y1,x2,y2)# (x1,y1)是左上角点的坐标；(x2,y2)是右下角点的坐标.
v.layout(l+getPaddingLeft(),t,v.getMeasuredWidth()+getPaddingLeft(),t+chlidHeight);
//把顶点的t位置向下移
t=t+chlidHeight;
}
}
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<yu.myprocject.MyLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingLeft="30dp">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="one"
android:background="@android:color/holo_orange_light"
android:textSize="80dip" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="two"
android:background="@android:color/holo_red_light"
android:textSize="80dip"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="three"
android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_light"
android:textSize="80dip"/>
</yu.myprocject.MyLayout>
Activity只需
setContentView(R.layout.layout_1);
25.Android手机在状态栏的消息通知
----------
参考：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7cb2c5d50101c26t.html
android的后台运行在很多service，它们在系统启动时被SystemServer开启，支持系统的正常工作，比如MountService监听是否有SD卡安装及移除，ClipboardService提供剪切板功能，PackageManagerService提供软件包的安装移除及查看等等，应用程序可以通过系统提供的Manager接口来访问这些Service提供的数据。
getSystemService是Android很重要的一个API，它是Activity的一个方法，根据传入的NAME来取得对应的Object，然后转换成相应的服务对象。以下介绍系统相应的服务。
传入的Name | 返回的对象 | 说明
WINDOW_SERVICE WindowManager 管理打开的窗口程序
LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE LayoutInflater 取得xml里定义的view
ACTIVITY_SERVICE ActivityManager 管理应用程序的系统状态
POWER_SERVICE PowerManger 电源的服务
ALARM_SERVICE AlarmManager 闹钟的服务
NOTIFICATION_SERVICE NotificationManager 状态栏的服务
KEYGUARD_SERVICE KeyguardManager 键盘锁的服务
LOCATION_SERVICE LocationManager 位置的服务，如GPS
SEARCH_SERVICE SearchManager 搜索的服务
VEBRATOR_SERVICE Vebrator 手机震动的服务
CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE Connectivity 网络连接的服务
WIFI_SERVICE WifiManager Wi-Fi服务
TELEPHONY_SERVICE TeleponyManager 电话服务
----------
(1)只实现状态栏上显示通知消息
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private final String channelId = "my channel id";
//通知消息的id，它们把不同的消息通知区分开来。
private int NOTIFICATION_ID=0xa01;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.layout_1);
sendNotification();
/*
try {
Thread.sleep(10000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
clearNotification();
*/
}
//发送通知消息的函数
private void sendNotification(){
//得到NotificationManager对象
NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
//对Notification的一些属性进行设置比如：内容，图标，标题，相应notification的动作进行处理等等
NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder=new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
mBuilder.setContentTitle("标题");
mBuilder.setContentText("文本");
//Activity跳转代码区标记
Notification notification = mBuilder.build();
//振动的效果需要增加权限
notification.defaults = Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND|Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE|
Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS;
//System.currentTimeMillis()为获取当前的毫秒数
notification.when= System.currentTimeMillis();
//通过NotificationManager对象的notify（）方法来执行一个notification的消息
notificationManager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID,notification);
}
//清除通知消息的函数
private void clearNotification(){
NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
//通过NotificationManager对象的cancel（）方法来取消一个notificatioin的消息
notificationManager.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);
}
}
//振动的效果的权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE"/>
(2)状态栏的通知消息点击后启动后台的Activity
将以下代码加到(1)中的//Activity跳转代码区标记位置处
Intent notificationIntent=new Intent(this,Mac.class);
int requestCode = 0;
PendingIntent notificationPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,requestCode,notificationIntent,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
mBuilder.setContentIntent(notificationPendingIntent);
AndroidManifist.xml中加
<activity android:name=".Mac">
</activity>
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