C#使用XmlTextReader和XmlTextWriter格式化Xml字符串

C#使用XmlTextReader和XmlTextWriter格式化Xml字符串，使得Xml字符串美观，

即增加换行和缩进。

新建控制台程序FormatXmlDemo，输入如下代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml;

namespace FormatXmlDemo
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.SetWindowSize(120, 30);
            string srcXml = $@"<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=""http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"" xmlns:web=""http://WebXml.com.cn/"">
<soapenv:Header/>
<soapenv:Body>
          <web:getWeatherbyCityName><web:theCityName>深圳</web:theCityName></web:getWeatherbyCityName>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>";
            Console.WriteLine("初始源XML字符串");
            Console.WriteLine(srcXml);
            Console.WriteLine("--------------------------------格式化后的XML字符串--------------------------------");
            string formattedXml = FormatXml(srcXml);
            Console.WriteLine(formattedXml);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 对xml节点进行换行，格式化对齐操作
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="srcXml"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string FormatXml(string srcXml)
        {
            string formattedXml = IndentedFormat(IndentedFormat(srcXml).Replace("><", ">\r\n<"));
            return formattedXml;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 对XML字符串进行换行缩进，格式化
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="xml"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static string IndentedFormat(string xml)
        {
            string indentedText = string.Empty;
            try
            {
                XmlTextReader reader = new XmlTextReader(new StringReader(xml));
                reader.WhitespaceHandling = WhitespaceHandling.None;

                StringWriter indentedXmlWriter = new StringWriter();
                XmlTextWriter writer = CreateXmlTextWriter(indentedXmlWriter);
                writer.WriteNode(reader, false);
                writer.Flush();

                indentedText = indentedXmlWriter.ToString();
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                indentedText = xml;
            }
            return indentedText;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 写入四个缩进字符【空格】
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="textWriter"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static XmlTextWriter CreateXmlTextWriter(TextWriter textWriter)
        {
            XmlTextWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter(textWriter);
            //将Tab转化为4个空格
            bool convertTabsToSpaces = true;
            if (convertTabsToSpaces)
            {
                writer.Indentation = 4;
                writer.IndentChar = ' ';
            }
            else
            {
                writer.Indentation = 1;
                writer.IndentChar = '\t';
            }
            writer.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;
            return writer;
        }
    }
}

程序运行如图：