java文件下载：servlet方式

最新推荐文章于 2026-02-27 17:15:26 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2026-02-27 17:15:26 发布 · 417 阅读

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原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/longqingyang/p/5579889.html

本文详细介绍了一种基于Servlet的文件上传与下载解决方案。通过ListFileServlet遍历上传目录下的文件，并将文件信息存储在Map中传递给JSP页面进行展示。用户可以点击下载链接，触发downLoadServlet处理，实现文件的下载功能。文章提供了完整的代码示例，包括Servlet的doPost和doGet方法，以及JSP页面的实现。

转载：https://www.cnblogs.com/longqingyang/p/5579889.html

原理：浏览器请求列表servlet，servlet遍历上传目录下的文件，将文件名存放到map里面，传给jsp文件，jsp负责设置下载地址并显示，点击下载按钮后，调用下载servlet，处理传递到后台的文件名并找到相应文件，使用getOutputStream()输出。

代码：

ListFileServlet.java

package servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class ListFileServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        String uploadFilePath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
        Map<String, String> fileMap = new HashMap<>();
        fileList(new File(uploadFilePath), fileMap);
        request.setAttribute("fileMap", fileMap);
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/fileupload/listfile.jsp").forward(request, response);

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        doPost(request, response);
    }

    public void fileList(File file, Map fileMap) {
        if (!file.isFile()) {
            File[] files = file.listFiles();
            for (File file1 : files) {
                System.out.println(file1.getName());
                fileList(file1, fileMap);
            }
        } else {
            String fileName = file.getName();
            String realName = fileName.substring(fileName.indexOf("_") + 1);
            fileMap.put(fileName, realName);
        }
    }
}

listfile.jsp，此处使用jstl需要下载jstl.jar库和standard.jar库，下载地址：http://archive.apache.org/dist/jakarta/taglibs/standard/binaries/

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>文件下载列表</title>
</head>
<body>
    <!--遍历Map集合-->
    <c:forEach var="me" items="${fileMap}">
        <c:url value="/servlet/downLoadServlet" var="downurl">
            <c:param name="filename" value="${me.key}"></c:param>
        </c:url>
        ${me.value}<a href="${downurl}">下载</a>
        <br>
    </c:forEach>
</body>
</html>

downLoadServlet.java

package servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class downLoadServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        String fileName=request.getParameter("filename");
        String realName=fileName.substring(fileName.indexOf("_")+1);
        String savePath=this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
        File file=new File(savePath+File.separator+fileName);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            request.setAttribute("message","下载的文件不存在");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/fileupload/message.jsp").forward(request,response);
            return;
        }
        response.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(realName,"UTF-8"));
        OutputStream fos =response.getOutputStream();
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
        byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
        int length=0;
        while ((length = fis.read(buffer)) > 0) {
            fos.write(buffer,0,length);
        }
        fos.close();
        fis.close();
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        doPost(request, response);
    }
}