面向对象程序设计上机练习十（运算符重载）

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C++面向对象

本文介绍如何在C++中通过定义复数类Complex并重载加法运算符，实现复数之间的加法运算及复数与整数间的加法运算。提供了两种方法的示例代码，包括仅重载加法运算符的方法和同时重载加法与输出运算符的方法。

面向对象程序设计上机练习十（运算符重载）

Time Limit: 1000MS Memory Limit: 65536KB

Submit Statistic

Problem Description

定义一个复数类Complex，重载运算符“+”，使之能用于复数的加法运算。参加运算的两个运算量可以都是类对象，也可以其中有一个是整数，顺序任意。例如：c1+c2、i+c1、c1+i均合法。（其中i是整数，c1、c2是复数），编程实现求2个复数之和、整数与复数之和。

Input

输入有三行：第1行是第1个复数c1的实部和虚部，以空格分开。第2行是第2个复数c2的实部和虚部，以空格分开。第3行是1个整数i的值。

Output

输出有三行：
第1行是2个复数c1和c2的和，显示方式：实部+虚部i
第2行是第1个复数c1加i的值，显示方式：实部+虚部i
第3行是i加第1个复数c1的值，显示方式：实部+虚部i

Example Input

2 3
3 5
10

Example Output

5+8i
12+3i
12+3i

Hint

Author

方法一：只对+重载

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Complex
{
private:
    int real;
    int imag;
public:
    Complex(int re = 0, int im = 0)
    {
        real = re;
        imag = im;
    }
    Complex operator + (Complex & c2)
    {
        Complex c;
        c.real = real + c2.real;
        c.imag = imag + c2.imag;
        return c;
    }
    Complex operator + (int x)
    {
        Complex c;
        c.real = real + x;
        c.imag = imag;
        return c;
    }
    friend Complex operator + (int x, Complex & c2)
    {
        Complex c;
        c.real = x + c2.real;
        c.imag = c2.imag;
        return c;
    }
    void show()
    {
        cout << real << "+" << imag << "i" << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{
    int x1, x2, y1, y2, x;
    cin >> x1 >> y1;
    cin >> x2 >> y2;
    cin >> x;
    Complex c1(x1, y1);
    Complex c2(x2, y2);
    Complex c3 = c1 + c2;
    Complex c4 = c1 + x;
    Complex c5 = x + c1;
    c3.show();
    c4.show();
    c5.show();
    return 0;
}

方法二：对+和<<全部重载

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Complex
{
private:
    int real;
    int imag;
public:
    Complex(int re = 0, int im = 0)
    {
        real = re;
        imag = im;
    }
    Complex operator + (Complex & c2)
    {
        Complex c;
        c.real = real + c2.real;
        c.imag = imag + c2.imag;
        return c;
    }
    Complex operator + (int x)
    {
        Complex c;
        c.real = real + x;
        c.imag = imag;
        return c;
    }
    friend Complex operator + (int x, Complex & c2)
    {
        Complex c;
        c.real = x + c2.real;
        c.imag = c2.imag;
        return c;
    }
    friend ostream & operator << (ostream & output, Complex c)      //对输出流<<重载，也可以不用
    {
        cout << c.real << "+" << c.imag << "i" << endl;
    }
};

int main()
{
    int x1, x2, y1, y2, x;
    cin >> x1 >> y1;
    cin >> x2 >> y2;
    cin >> x;
    Complex c1(x1, y1);
    Complex c2(x2, y2);
    Complex c3 = c1 + c2;
    Complex c4 = c1 + x;
    Complex c5 = x + c1;
    cout << c3 << c4 << c5;
    return 0;
}