SQL 速查

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-16 23:04:59 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-08-16 23:04:59 发布 · 703 阅读

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本文介绍了SQL语言的基础语法，包括创建数据库、表、视图及索引等操作；演示了如何进行数据的插入、更新与删除；同时讲解了数据查询的各种方式，如条件筛选、排序、聚合等功能。

SQL 语法

声明	语法
AND / OR	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition AND\|OR condition
ALTER TABLE (add column)	ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype
ALTER TABLE (drop column)	ALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name
AS (alias for column)	SELECT column_name AS column_alias FROM table_name
AS (alias for table)	SELECT column_name FROM table_name AS table_alias
BETWEEN	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2
CREATE DATABASE	CREATE DATABASE database_name
CREATE INDEX	CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name)
CREATE TABLE	CREATE TABLE table_name ( column_name1 data_type, column_name2 data_type, ....... )
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX	CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name)
CREATE VIEW	CREATE VIEW view_name AS SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition
DELETE FROM	DELETE FROM table_name (注意：这个语句将删除整个表文件) or DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition
DROP DATABASE	DROP DATABASE database_name
DROP INDEX	DROP INDEX table_name.index_name
DROP TABLE	DROP TABLE table_name
GROUP BY	SELECT column_name1,SUM(column_name2) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name1
HAVING	SELECT column_name1,SUM(column_name2) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name1 HAVING SUM(column_name2) condition value
IN	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name IN (value1,value2,..)
INSERT INTO	INSERT INTO table_name VALUES (value1, value2,....) or INSERT INTO table_name (column_name1, column_name2,...) VALUES (value1, value2,....)
LIKE	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name LIKE pattern
ORDER BY	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name [ASC\|DESC]
SELECT	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name
SELECT *	SELECT * FROM table_name
SELECT DISTINCT	SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s) FROM table_name
SELECT INTO (used to create backup copies of tables 用来建立表的拷贝备份)	SELECT * INTO new_table_name FROM original_table_name 或 SELECT column_name(s) INTO new_table_name FROM original_table_name
TRUNCATE TABLE (deletes only the data inside the table 只删除表内的数据)	TRUNCATE TABLE table_name
UPDATE	UPDATE table_name SET column_name=new_value [, column_name=new_value] WHERE column_name=some_value
WHERE	SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition

标签

#sql #table #database #insert #delete