“Add some clay (or sand and water) to your slaked lime, and you’ve just invented mortar: an easily spreadable paste that dries like stone. Replace some of that sand and water with straw or horsehair to increase its tensile strength and you’ve invented plaster: a substance durable enough to be used for exterior coverings that is also waterproof once it’s cured. This makes plaster a great way to build underground food storage: food stays cool, and the plaster keeps any water out.”
笔记找到了,在这儿:
翻译术语有误,而且行也错乱了。原文:By following the instructions in Appendices C.3 and C.4, you can convert limestone into quicklime, and quicklime into slaked lime—which reacts with carbon dioxide in the air to harden on its own. Add some clay (or sand and water) to your slaked lime, and you’ve just invented mortar: an easily spreadable paste that dries like stone. Replace some of that sand and water with straw or horsehair to increase its tensile strength and you’ve invented plaster: a substance durable enough to be used for exterior coverings that is also waterproof once it’s cured. This makes plaster a great way to build underground food storage: food stays cool, and the plaster keeps any water out.
limestone 石灰石 -> quicklime 生石灰 -> 熟石灰 slaked lime (与空气中的二氧化碳自行反应后硬化)。向熟石灰中加入粘土(或沙子和水)得到 mortar 砂浆(原文中,”易于涂抹且干燥后硬得像石头“的是这个,不是熟石灰)。用稻草或马鬃替代沙子和水,得到 plaster (这个词除了熟石膏以外还有个意思,灰泥 “a substance made of lime , water and sand, that is put on walls and ceilings to give them a smooth hard surface”)灰泥。石膏是硫酸钙,上文中所有产物都来自碳酸钙。
汽缸,应为圆柱体。原文“but if you’re smart, you’ll invent the ink roller, which is a cylinder that can be rolled over your type to distribute ink.”
不过,如果你够聪明的话,就会发明油墨滚筒。你可以让这个汽缸滚过字模从而均匀上墨。
收音机 原文 radio,应译为 无线电(广播)。
如果没有能够在海上工作的时钟,收音机就将负责测量经度。
原文“Throw up a square sheet held upright and loose enough that it can fill with air”。sheet 除了 纸 的意思,还有 薄片的意思,还有“a broad flat thin piece of a material”,甚至“a rope or line attached to a bottom corner of a sail and used to change the sail's position”。throw up 也不仅有“抛”的意思。
此处不懂正常呼吸与gasp之间的区别是什么,Listen for normal breathing (not gasping). 喘气,原文是 gasp.
不是直到“超过”,而是直到 再加一次才会超过。这样,余数是“left over”,剩下的部分——被除数 比 除数的整数倍 多出的部分。 原文是:You just keep adding until one more addition would make you go over the number you’re interested in, with whatever’s left over as your remainder.
你只要不停叠加除数,直到结果超过你想得到的那个数为止。此时,超过的部分就是余数。
irritation, 刺激,疼痛,炎症。这里并没有炎症的意思吧。 原文,“quicklime causes severe irritation when inhaled or when it makes contact with your juicy eyes. ”
“After about a year, leach it (run water through it and collect the runoff), which gives you calcium nitrate. Filter this through potash and you’ll produce saltpeter.” leach应该是 沥,应该浇也可以,不一定需要浸。 沥以后得到的是硝酸钙没错,硝酸钙(原文this, 不是碳酸钙)与碳酸钾(原文 potash)反应,得到硝酸钾(原文saltpeter)。