货币从哪里来? (4)

  • 54页
    政府对金匠虚构存款收据的态度,从非正式的接受转变为最终将其合法化。此举增加了政府的支出能力,并促成现代商业银行货币的出现。
  • 第2章2.7
    银行并不会等待存款来发放贷款。银行存款纯粹是由银行体系自身创造的,建立在银行对借款人偿还贷款能力的信心之上。
  • 第1章导言
    商业银行创造货币的意义 商业银行创造货币的能力,对经济繁荣和金融稳定有着许多重要的影响,在此我们强调与银行体系改革建议相关的四点认识。 第一,尽管资本充足率要求在其他方面可能有用,但它没有、也不会限...
  • 序二 货币供应的本质 / 查尔斯·古德哈特
    如果我们总是能保证全额支付账单,那么每个人就可以基于自己的信用,通过开具借条来购买任何东西。但这种美好的状态是不可能实现的(虽然大多数标准的宏观模型考虑了经济主体基于自身信用进行交易的影响),于是...

丑的历史 (1)

  • 导论
    以上,我们区分了三种不同的现象:丑的本身、形式上的丑,以及艺术对这两者的刻画。读这本书的时候必须记住,在一个特定文化里,我们几乎总是只能根据第三种现象来推知前两者所指为何。 所谓美丑相对论?

Socialism (5)

  • Page 81
    Third, both the Swedish and Cuban models have passed their peak. In the Cuban case, the regime was fighting for survival as soon as the Soviet collapse occurred and one of the results of this was t...
  • Page 80
    First, it is evident that in both cases the social achievements remained dependent on sustainable economic success and became far more difficult to uphold when growth faltered. Furthermore, as time...
  • Page 56
    Basic literacy was already claimed to be 100% by the 17th century and was reinforced by the existence of elementary schools in every village by 1850. This stress on education may have helped to fos...
  • Page 39
    The most fundamental element in all this was his absolute and total commitment to the goal of socialist revolution. This underlay his whole strategic and tactical approach, including important inno...
  • Page 30
    With the formation of communist parties after the First World War, social democrats and communists would become bitter antagonists and, in the process, social democracy would change.

彼得·林奇的成功投资 (2)

  • 第三章 股票和梭哈扑克游戏
    但是与风险更加相关的是投资者,而不是公司的类型。
  • 千禧版序言
    如果投资者能够远离那些针对最近股市涨跌进行评论的陈词滥调,像查看汽车里的机油那样每六个月左右才查看一次股票价格,他们的投资过程可能就会轻松得多。

中国国家治理的制度逻辑 (1)

  • 第一章 导论
    一统体制有着两个基本维系机制—官僚体制和一统观念制度。在中国历史上的政治进程中特别是在当代社会,这两个机制受到了多重挑战:官僚组织承担了越来越多的治理功能,不堪重负; 一统观念制度受到多元社会的碰撞挑...
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