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一、Redis简介
Redis是一个开源的使用ANSIC语言编写，支持网络，可基于内存亦可持久化的日志型，key-value数据库，并提供多种语言的API。它支持多种数据类型。
但是在Redis在内存中存储数据，因此，存放在Redis中的数据不应该大于内存容量，否则回导致操作系统性能降低
二、安装Redis
1：下载Redis
2:启动Redis服务
使用redis-server-windows.conf命令行启动Redis服务
进入Redis解压目录 执行设置服务命令
redis-server--service-install redis.windows-service.conf--loglevel verbose 设置成windows下的服务
常用的Redis服务命令如下
卸载服务 redis-server --service-uninstall 开启服务 redis-server --service-start 停止服务 redis-server --service-stop
3:操作测试Redis
启动服务后 可以使用如下命令创建一个数据库服务
redis-cli.exe-h 127.0.0.1-p 6379 set key value保存数据 get key 获取数据
三、Spring Boot整合Redis
Spring对Redis的支持是通过Spring Data Redis来实现的，提供了RedisTemplate和StringRedisTemplate两个模板来进行数据操作。
序列化
当数据从存储到Redis时，键值都是通过Spring提供的Serializer序列化到数据的。
在Spring Boot应用中 只要引入spring-boot-starter-data-redis依赖就可以使用默认配置的Redis进行数据操作
实战在Spring Boot应用中使用StringRedisTemplate和RedisTmeplate模板访问操作Redis数据库
1：创建Spring Boot Web应用时记得引入上文所说依赖
2：application.properties不用配置
3：创建实体类
创建名为com.ch.ch6_9.entity的包 并创建Student类 代码如下
package com.ch.ch6_9.entity; import java.io.Serializable; public class Student implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private String sno; private String sname; private Integer sage; public Student() { super(); } public Student(String sno, String sname, Integer sage) { super(); this.sno = sno; this.sname = sname; this.sage = sage; } public String getSno() { return sno; } public void setSno(String sno) { this.sno = sno; } public String getSname() { return sname; } public void setSname(String sname) { this.sname = sname; } public Integer getSage() { return sage; } public void setSage(Integer sage) { this.sage = sage; } }
4：创建数据访问层
package com.ch.ch6_9.repository; import java.util.List; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import com.ch.ch6_9.entity.Student; @Repository public class StudentRepository { @SuppressWarnings("unused") @Autowired private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate; @SuppressWarnings("unused") @Autowired private RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate; /** * 使用@Resource注解指定stringRedisTemplate，可注入基于字符串的简单属性操作方法 * ValueOperations<String, String> valueOpsStr = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue(); */ @Resource(name="stringRedisTemplate") ValueOperations<String, String> valueOpsStr; /** * 使用@Resource注解指定redisTemplate，可注入基于对象的简单属性操作方法 * ValueOperations<Object, Object> valueOpsObject = redisTemplate.opsForValue(); */ @Resource(name="redisTemplate") ValueOperations<Object, Object> valueOpsObject; /** * 保存字符串到redis */ public void saveString(String key, String value) { valueOpsStr.set(key, value); } /** * 保存对象到redis */ public void saveStudent(Student stu) { valueOpsObject.set(stu.getSno(), stu); } /** * 保存List数据到redis */ public void saveMultiStudents(Object key, List<Student> stus) { valueOpsObject.set(key, stus); } /** * 从redis中获得字符串数据 */ public String getString(String key) { return valueOpsStr.get(key); } /** * 从redis中获得对象数据 */ public Object getObject(Object key) { return valueOpsObject.get(key); } }
5：创建控制器层
package com.ch.ch6_9.controller; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.ch.ch6_9.entity.Student; import com.ch.ch6_9.repository.StudentRepository; @RestController public class TestRedisController { @Autowired private StudentRepository studentRepository; @RequestMapping("/save") public void save() { studentRepository.saveString("uname", "陈恒"); Student s1 = new Student("111","陈恒1",77); studentRepository.saveStudent(s1); Student s2 = new Student("222","陈恒2",88); Student s3 = new Student("333","陈恒3",99); List<Student> stus = new ArrayList<Student>(); stus.add(s2); stus.add(s3); studentRepository.saveMultiStudents("mutilStus",stus); } @RequestMapping("/getUname") @Cacheable(value = "myuname") public String getUname(String key) { System.out.println("测试缓存"); return studentRepository.getString(key); } @RequestMapping("/getStudent") public Student getStudent(String key) { return (Student)studentRepository.getObject(key); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @RequestMapping("/getMultiStus") public List<Student> getMultiStus(String key) { return (List<Student>)studentRepository.getObject(key); } }
6：修改配置类
因为Redis默认使用序列化数据，这对使用Redis Client查看数据很不直观，所以我们自己配置并且定义Serializer
package com.ch.ch6_9; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory; import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer; import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonAutoDetect; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.PropertyAccessor; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; @EnableCaching @SpringBootApplication public class Ch69Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Ch69Application.class, args); } @Bean public RedisTemplate<Object, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory){ RedisTemplate<Object, Object> rTemplate = new RedisTemplate<Object, Object>(); rTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory); @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" }) Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class); ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper(); om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY); om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL); jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om); //设置值的序列化采用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer rTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer); //设置键的序列化采用StringRedisSerializer rTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()); return rTemplate; } }
