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lowlevelil.py
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# Copyright (c) 2015-2025 Vector 35 Inc
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
import ctypes
import struct
from typing import Generator, List, Optional, Dict, Union, Tuple, NewType, ClassVar, Set, \
Callable, Any, Iterator, overload, Mapping
from dataclasses import dataclass
# Binary Ninja components
from .enums import LowLevelILOperation, LowLevelILFlagCondition, DataFlowQueryOption, FunctionGraphType, ILInstructionAttribute
from . import _binaryninjacore as core
from . import basicblock #required for LowLevelILBasicBlock
from . import function
from . import mediumlevelil
from . import highlevelil
from . import flowgraph
from . import variable
from . import binaryview
from . import architecture
from . import types
from . import deprecation
from .interaction import show_graph_report
from .commonil import (
BaseILInstruction, Constant, BinaryOperation, Tailcall, UnaryOperation, Comparison, SSA, Phi, FloatingPoint,
ControlFlow, Terminal, Syscall, Localcall, StackOperation, Return, Signed, Arithmetic, Carry, DoublePrecision,
Memory, Load, Store, RegisterStack, SetReg, Intrinsic, ILSourceLocation
)
ExpressionIndex = NewType('ExpressionIndex', int)
InstructionIndex = NewType('InstructionIndex', int)
Index = Union[ExpressionIndex, InstructionIndex]
TokenList = List['function.InstructionTextToken']
InstructionOrExpression = Union['LowLevelILInstruction', Index]
ILRegisterType = Union[str, 'ILRegister', int]
LLILInstructionsType = Generator['LowLevelILInstruction', None, None]
OperandsType = Tuple[ExpressionIndex, ExpressionIndex, ExpressionIndex, ExpressionIndex]
LowLevelILOperandType = Union['LowLevelILOperationAndSize', 'ILRegister', 'ILFlag', 'ILIntrinsic', 'ILRegisterStack',
int, Dict[int, int], float, 'LowLevelILInstruction',
Dict['architecture.RegisterStackName', int], 'SSAFlag', 'SSARegister', 'SSARegisterStack',
'ILSemanticFlagClass', 'ILSemanticFlagGroup', 'LowLevelILFlagCondition', List[int],
List['LowLevelILInstruction'], List[Union['ILFlag', 'ILRegister']], List['SSARegister'],
List['SSARegisterStack'], List['SSAFlag'], List['SSARegisterOrFlag'], None]
ILInstructionAttributeSet = Union[Set[ILInstructionAttribute], List[ILInstructionAttribute]]
LowLevelILVisitorCallback = Callable[[str, LowLevelILOperandType, str, Optional['LowLevelILInstruction']], bool]
class LowLevelILLabel:
def __init__(self, handle: Optional[core.BNLowLevelILLabel] = None):
if handle is None:
self.handle = (core.BNLowLevelILLabel * 1)()
core.BNLowLevelILInitLabel(self.handle)
else:
self.handle = handle
@property
def ref(self) -> bool:
return self.handle[0].ref
@ref.setter
def ref(self, value):
self.handle[0].ref = value
@property
def resolved(self) -> bool:
return self.handle[0].resolved
@property
def operand(self) -> InstructionIndex:
return InstructionIndex(self.handle[0].operand)
@operand.setter
def operand(self, value: InstructionIndex):
self.handle[0].operand = int(value)
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class ILRegister:
arch: 'architecture.Architecture'
index: 'architecture.RegisterIndex'
def __repr__(self):
return f"<ILRegister: {self.name}>"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
def __int__(self):
return self.index
def __eq__(self, other: Union[str, 'ILRegister']):
if isinstance(other, str) and other in self.arch.regs:
index = self.arch.regs[architecture.RegisterName(other)].index
assert index is not None
other = ILRegister(self.arch, index)
elif not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
return NotImplemented
return (self.arch, self.index) == (other.arch, other.index)
@property
def info(self) -> 'architecture.RegisterInfo':
return self.arch.regs[self.name]
@property
def temp(self) -> bool:
return (self.index & 0x80000000) != 0
@property
def name(self) -> 'architecture.RegisterName':
if self.temp:
return architecture.RegisterName(f"temp{self.index & 0x7fffffff}")
else:
return architecture.RegisterName(self.arch.get_reg_name(self.index))
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class ILRegisterStack:
arch: 'architecture.Architecture'
index: 'architecture.RegisterStackIndex'
def __repr__(self):
return f"<ILRegisterStack: {self.name}>"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
def __int__(self):
return self.index
@property
def info(self) -> 'architecture.RegisterStackInfo':
return self.arch.reg_stacks[self.name]
@property
def name(self) -> 'architecture.RegisterStackName':
return self.arch.get_reg_stack_name(self.index)
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class ILFlag:
arch: 'architecture.Architecture'
index: 'architecture.FlagIndex'
def __repr__(self):
return f"<ILFlag: {self.name}>"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
def __int__(self):
return self.index
@property
def temp(self) -> bool:
return (self.index & 0x80000000) != 0
@property
def name(self) -> 'architecture.FlagName':
if self.temp:
return architecture.FlagName(f"cond:{(self.index & 0x7fffffff)}")
else:
return architecture.FlagName(self.arch.get_flag_name(self.index))
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class ILSemanticFlagClass:
arch: 'architecture.Architecture'
index: 'architecture.SemanticClassIndex'
def __repr__(self):
return f"<ILSemanticFlagClass: {self.name}>"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
def __int__(self):
return self.index
@property
def name(self) -> 'architecture.SemanticClassName':
return self.arch.get_semantic_flag_class_name(self.index)
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class ILSemanticFlagGroup:
arch: 'architecture.Architecture'
index: 'architecture.SemanticGroupIndex'
def __repr__(self):
return f"<ILSemanticFlagGroup: {self.name}>"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
def __int__(self):
return self.index
@property
def name(self) -> 'architecture.SemanticGroupName':
return self.arch.get_semantic_flag_group_name(self.index)
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class ILIntrinsic:
arch: 'architecture.Architecture'
index: 'architecture.IntrinsicIndex'
def __repr__(self):
return f"<ILIntrinsic: {self.name} - {self.arch}>"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
@property
def name(self) -> 'architecture.IntrinsicName':
return self.arch.get_intrinsic_name(self.index)
@property
def inputs(self) -> List['architecture.IntrinsicInput']:
"""``inputs`` is only available if the IL intrinsic is an Architecture intrinsic """
return self.arch.intrinsics[self.name].inputs
@property
def outputs(self) -> List['types.Type']:
"""``outputs`` is only available if the IL intrinsic is an Architecture intrinsic """
return self.arch.intrinsics[self.name].outputs
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class SSARegister:
reg: ILRegister
version: int
def __repr__(self):
return f"<SSARegister: {self.reg} version {self.version}>"
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class SSARegisterStack:
reg_stack: ILRegisterStack
version: int
def __repr__(self):
return f"<SSARegisterStack: {self.reg_stack} version {self.version}>"
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class SSAFlag:
flag: ILFlag
version: int
def __repr__(self):
return f"<SSAFlag {self.flag} version {self.version}>"
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class SSARegisterOrFlag:
reg_or_flag: Union[ILRegister, ILFlag]
version: int
def __repr__(self):
return f"<SSARegisterOrFlag: {self.reg_or_flag} version {self.version}>"
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class LowLevelILOperationAndSize:
operation: 'LowLevelILOperation'
size: int
def __repr__(self):
if self.size == 0:
return f"<LowLevelILOperationAndSize: {self.operation.name}>"
return f"<LowLevelILOperationAndSize: {self.operation.name} {self.size}>"
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class CoreLowLevelILInstruction:
operation: LowLevelILOperation
attributes: int
size: int
flags: int
source_operand: ExpressionIndex
operands: OperandsType
address: int
@classmethod
def from_BNLowLevelILInstruction(cls, instr: core.BNLowLevelILInstruction) -> 'CoreLowLevelILInstruction':
operands: OperandsType = (
ExpressionIndex(instr.operands[0]), ExpressionIndex(instr.operands[1]), ExpressionIndex(instr.operands[2]),
ExpressionIndex(instr.operands[3])
)
return cls(
LowLevelILOperation(instr.operation), instr.attributes, instr.size, instr.flags, instr.sourceOperand, operands, instr.address
)
@dataclass(frozen=True)
class LowLevelILInstruction(BaseILInstruction):
"""
``class LowLevelILInstruction`` Low Level Intermediate Language Instructions are infinite length tree-based
instructions. Tree-based instructions use infix notation with the left hand operand being the destination operand.
Infix notation is thus more natural to read than other notations (e.g. x86 ``mov eax, 0`` vs. LLIL ``eax = 0``).
"""
function: 'LowLevelILFunction'
expr_index: ExpressionIndex
instr: CoreLowLevelILInstruction
instr_index: Optional[InstructionIndex]
# ILOperations is deprecated and will be removed in a future version once BNIL Graph no longer uses it
# Use the visit methods visit, visit_all, and visit_operands
ILOperations: ClassVar[Dict[LowLevelILOperation, List[Tuple[str, str]]]] = {
LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_NOP: [], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG: [("dest", "reg"), ("src", "expr")],
LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG_SPLIT: [("hi", "reg"), ("lo", "reg"),
("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG_STACK_REL: [
("stack", "reg_stack"), ("dest", "expr"), ("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_STACK_PUSH: [("stack", "reg_stack"),
("src", "expr")],
LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_FLAG: [("dest", "flag"), ("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_LOAD: [
("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_STORE: [("dest", "expr"),
("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_PUSH: [("src", "expr")],
LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_POP: [], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG: [("src", "reg")],
LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_SPLIT: [("hi", "reg"), ("lo", "reg")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_STACK_REL: [
("stack", "reg_stack"), ("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_STACK_POP: [("stack", "reg_stack")],
LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_STACK_FREE_REG: [("dest", "reg")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_STACK_FREE_REL: [
("stack", "reg_stack"), ("dest", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CONST: [("constant", "int")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CONST_PTR: [
("constant", "int")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_EXTERN_PTR: [
("constant", "int"), ("offset", "int")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FLOAT_CONST: [("constant", "float")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FLAG: [
("src", "flag")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FLAG_BIT: [("src", "flag"), ("bit", "int")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_ADD: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_ADC: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr"), ("carry", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SUB: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SBB: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr"), ("carry", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_AND: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_OR: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_XOR: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_LSL: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_LSR: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_ASR: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_ROL: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_RLC: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr"), ("carry", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_ROR: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_RRC: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr"), ("carry", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_MUL: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_MULU_DP: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_MULS_DP: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_DIVU: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_DIVU_DP: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_DIVS: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_DIVS_DP: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_MODU: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_MODU_DP: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_MODS: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_MODS_DP: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_NEG: [
("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_NOT: [("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SX: [
("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_ZX: [("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_LOW_PART: [
("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_JUMP: [("dest", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_JUMP_TO: [
("dest", "expr"), ("targets", "target_map")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CALL: [("dest", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CALL_STACK_ADJUST: [
("dest", "expr"), ("stack_adjustment", "int"), ("reg_stack_adjustments", "reg_stack_adjust")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_TAILCALL: [("dest", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_RET: [
("dest", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_NORET: [], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_IF: [
("condition", "expr"), ("true", "int"), ("false", "int")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_GOTO: [("dest", "int")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FLAG_COND: [
("condition", "cond"), ("semantic_class", "sem_class")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FLAG_GROUP: [("semantic_group", "sem_group")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CMP_E: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CMP_NE: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CMP_SLT: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CMP_ULT: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CMP_SLE: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CMP_ULE: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CMP_SGE: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CMP_UGE: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CMP_SGT: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CMP_UGT: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_TEST_BIT: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_BOOL_TO_INT: [("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_ADD_OVERFLOW: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SYSCALL: [], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_INTRINSIC: [
("output", "reg_or_flag_list"), ("intrinsic", "intrinsic"), ("param", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_INTRINSIC_SSA: [
("output", "reg_or_flag_ssa_list"), ("intrinsic", "intrinsic"), ("param", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_MEMORY_INTRINSIC_OUTPUT_SSA: [
("dest_memory", "int"), ("output", "reg_ssa_list")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_MEMORY_INTRINSIC_SSA: [
("output", "expr"), ("intrinsic", "intrinsic"), ("params", "expr_list"), ("src_memory", "int")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_BP: [], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_TRAP: [("vector", "int")],
LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_UNDEF: [], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_UNIMPL: [], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_UNIMPL_MEM: [
("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FADD: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FSUB: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FMUL: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FDIV: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FSQRT: [("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FNEG: [
("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FABS: [("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FLOAT_TO_INT: [
("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_INT_TO_FLOAT: [("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FLOAT_CONV: [
("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_ROUND_TO_INT: [("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FLOOR: [
("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CEIL: [("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FTRUNC: [
("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FCMP_E: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FCMP_NE: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FCMP_LT: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FCMP_LE: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FCMP_GE: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FCMP_GT: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FCMP_O: [("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FCMP_UO: [
("left", "expr"), ("right", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG_SSA: [("dest", "reg_ssa"),
("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG_SSA_PARTIAL: [
("full_reg", "reg_ssa"), ("dest", "reg"), ("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG_SPLIT_SSA: [
("hi", "expr"), ("lo", "expr"), ("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG_STACK_REL_SSA: [
("stack", "expr"), ("dest", "expr"), ("top", "expr"),
("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_REG_STACK_ABS_SSA: [
("stack", "expr"), ("dest", "reg"), ("src", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_SPLIT_DEST_SSA: [("dest", "reg_ssa")],
LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_STACK_DEST_SSA: [
("src", "reg_stack_ssa_dest_and_src")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_SSA: [("src", "reg_ssa")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_SSA_PARTIAL: [
("full_reg", "reg_ssa"), ("src", "reg")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_SPLIT_SSA: [("hi", "reg_ssa"),
("lo", "reg_ssa")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_STACK_REL_SSA: [
("stack", "reg_stack_ssa"), ("src", "expr"), ("top", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_STACK_ABS_SSA: [
("stack", "reg_stack_ssa"), ("src", "reg")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_STACK_FREE_REL_SSA: [
("stack", "expr"), ("dest", "expr"), ("top", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_STACK_FREE_ABS_SSA: [
("stack", "expr"), ("dest", "reg")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SET_FLAG_SSA: [("dest", "flag_ssa"),
("src", "expr")],
LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FLAG_SSA: [("src", "flag_ssa")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FLAG_BIT_SSA: [
("src", "flag_ssa"), ("bit", "int")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CALL_SSA: [("output", "expr"), ("dest", "expr"), ("stack", "expr"),
("param", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SYSCALL_SSA: [
("output", "expr"), ("stack", "expr"), ("param", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_TAILCALL_SSA: [
("output", "expr"), ("dest", "expr"), ("stack", "expr"),
("param", "expr")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CALL_OUTPUT_SSA: [
("dest_memory", "int"), ("dest", "reg_ssa_list")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CALL_STACK_SSA: [("src", "reg_ssa"),
("src_memory", "int")],
LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_CALL_PARAM: [("src", "expr_list")],
LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SEPARATE_PARAM_LIST_SSA: [("src", "expr_list")],
LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_SHARED_PARAM_SLOT_SSA: [("src", "expr_list")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_LOAD_SSA: [
("src", "expr"), ("src_memory", "int")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_STORE_SSA: [("dest", "expr"), ("dest_memory", "int"), ("src_memory", "int"),
("src", "expr")], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_PHI: [
("dest", "reg_ssa"), ("src", "reg_ssa_list")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_REG_STACK_PHI: [
("dest", "reg_stack_ssa"), ("src", "reg_stack_ssa_list")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_FLAG_PHI: [
("dest", "flag_ssa"), ("src", "flag_ssa_list")
], LowLevelILOperation.LLIL_MEM_PHI: [("dest_memory", "int"),
("src_memory", "int_list")]
}
@staticmethod
def show_llil_hierarchy():
"""
Opens a new tab showing the LLIL hierarchy which includes classes which can
easily be used with isinstance to match multiple types of IL instructions.
"""
graph = flowgraph.FlowGraph()
nodes = {}
for instruction in ILInstruction.values():
instruction.add_subgraph(graph, nodes)
show_graph_report("LLIL Class Hierarchy Graph", graph)
@classmethod
def create(
cls, func: 'LowLevelILFunction', expr_index: ExpressionIndex, instr_index: Optional[InstructionIndex] = None
) -> 'LowLevelILInstruction':
assert func.arch is not None, "Attempted to create IL instruction with function missing an Architecture"
inst = core.BNGetLowLevelILByIndex(func.handle, expr_index)
assert inst is not None, "core.BNGetLowLevelILByIndex returned None"
core_inst = CoreLowLevelILInstruction.from_BNLowLevelILInstruction(inst)
return ILInstruction[core_inst.operation](func, expr_index, core_inst, instr_index) # type: ignore
def copy_to(
self, dest: 'LowLevelILFunction',
sub_expr_handler: Optional[Callable[['LowLevelILInstruction'], ExpressionIndex]] = None
) -> ExpressionIndex:
"""
``copy_to`` deep copies an expression into a new IL function.
If provided, the function ``sub_expr_handler`` will be called on every copied sub-expression
.. warning:: This function should ONLY be called as a part of a lifter or workflow. It will otherwise not do anything useful as analysis will not be running.
:param LowLevelILFunction dest: Function to copy the expression to
:param sub_expr_handler: Optional function to call on every copied sub-expression
:return: Index of the copied expression in the target function
"""
return self.function.copy_expr_to(self, dest, sub_expr_handler)
def __str__(self):
tokens = self.tokens
if tokens is None:
return "invalid"
result = ""
for token in tokens:
result += token.text
return result
def __repr__(self):
return f"<{self.__class__.__name__}: {self}>"
def __eq__(self, other: 'LowLevelILInstruction') -> bool:
if not isinstance(other, LowLevelILInstruction):
return NotImplemented
return self.function == other.function and self.expr_index == other.expr_index
def __ne__(self, other: 'LowLevelILInstruction') -> bool:
if not isinstance(other, LowLevelILInstruction):
return NotImplemented
return not (self == other)
def __lt__(self, other: 'LowLevelILInstruction') -> bool:
if not isinstance(other, LowLevelILInstruction):
return NotImplemented
return self.function == other.function and self.expr_index < other.expr_index
def __le__(self, other: 'LowLevelILInstruction') -> bool:
if not isinstance(other, LowLevelILInstruction):
return NotImplemented
return self.function == other.function and self.expr_index <= other.expr_index
def __gt__(self, other: 'LowLevelILInstruction') -> bool:
if not isinstance(other, LowLevelILInstruction):
return NotImplemented
return self.function == other.function and self.expr_index > other.expr_index
def __ge__(self, other: 'LowLevelILInstruction') -> bool:
if not isinstance(other, LowLevelILInstruction):
return NotImplemented
return self.function == other.function and self.expr_index >= other.expr_index
def __hash__(self):
return hash((self.function, self.expr_index))
@property
def size(self) -> int:
return self.instr.size
@property
def address(self) -> int:
return self.instr.address
@property
def operation(self) -> LowLevelILOperation:
return self.instr.operation
@property
def source_operand(self) -> Optional[ExpressionIndex]:
return self.instr.source_operand
@property
def source_location(self) -> ILSourceLocation:
return ILSourceLocation.from_instruction(self)
@property
def tokens(self) -> TokenList:
"""LLIL tokens (read-only)"""
# special case for those instructions that don't have tokens
if isinstance(self, (LowLevelILCallOutputSsa, LowLevelILCallParam, LowLevelILCallStackSsa, LowLevelILMemoryIntrinsicOutputSsa)):
return []
count = ctypes.c_ulonglong()
assert self.function.arch is not None, f"self.function.arch is None"
tokens = ctypes.POINTER(core.BNInstructionTextToken)()
result = core.BNGetLowLevelILExprText(
self.function.handle, self.function.arch.handle, self.expr_index, None, tokens, count
)
assert result, "core.BNGetLowLevelILExprText returned False"
try:
return function.InstructionTextToken._from_core_struct(tokens, count.value)
finally:
core.BNFreeInstructionText(tokens, count.value)
@property
def il_basic_block(self) -> 'LowLevelILBasicBlock':
"""IL basic block object containing this expression (read-only) (only available on finalized functions)"""
assert self.function.source_function is not None
view = self.function.source_function.view
core_block = core.BNGetLowLevelILBasicBlockForInstruction(self.function.handle, self.instr_index)
assert core_block is not None, "BNGetLowLevelILBasicBlockForInstruction returned None"
return LowLevelILBasicBlock(core_block, self.function, view)
@property
def ssa_form(self) -> 'LowLevelILInstruction':
"""SSA form of expression (read-only)"""
ssa_func = self.function.ssa_form
assert ssa_func is not None
return LowLevelILInstruction.create(
ssa_func, ExpressionIndex(core.BNGetLowLevelILSSAExprIndex(self.function.handle, self.expr_index)),
core.BNGetLowLevelILSSAInstructionIndex(self.function.handle, self.instr_index)
if self.instr_index is not None else None
)
@property
def non_ssa_form(self) -> 'LowLevelILInstruction':
"""Non-SSA form of expression (read-only)"""
non_ssa_function = self.function.non_ssa_form
assert non_ssa_function is not None
return LowLevelILInstruction.create(
non_ssa_function,
ExpressionIndex(core.BNGetLowLevelILNonSSAExprIndex(self.function.handle, self.expr_index)),
core.BNGetLowLevelILNonSSAInstructionIndex(self.function.handle, self.instr_index)
if self.instr_index is not None else None
)
@property
def medium_level_il(self) -> Optional['mediumlevelil.MediumLevelILInstruction']:
"""Gets the medium level IL expression corresponding to this expression (may be None for eliminated instructions)"""
expr = self.function.get_medium_level_il_expr_index(self.expr_index)
if expr is None:
return None
mlil_func = self.function.medium_level_il
assert mlil_func is not None, "self.function.medium_level_il is None"
return mediumlevelil.MediumLevelILInstruction.create(mlil_func, expr)
@property
def mlil(self) -> Optional['mediumlevelil.MediumLevelILInstruction']:
return self.medium_level_il
@property
def mlils(self) -> List['mediumlevelil.MediumLevelILInstruction']:
result = []
for expr in self.function.get_medium_level_il_expr_indexes(self.expr_index):
result.append(mediumlevelil.MediumLevelILInstruction.create(self.function.medium_level_il, expr))
return result
@property
def mapped_medium_level_il(self) -> Optional['mediumlevelil.MediumLevelILInstruction']:
"""Gets the mapped medium level IL expression corresponding to this expression"""
expr = self.function.get_mapped_medium_level_il_expr_index(self.expr_index)
if expr is None:
return None
return mediumlevelil.MediumLevelILInstruction.create(self.function.mapped_medium_level_il, expr)
@property
def mmlil(self) -> Optional['mediumlevelil.MediumLevelILInstruction']:
return self.mapped_medium_level_il
@property
def high_level_il(self) -> Optional['highlevelil.HighLevelILInstruction']:
"""Gets the high level IL expression corresponding to this expression (may be None for eliminated instructions)"""
if self.mlil is None:
return None
return self.mlil.hlil
@property
def hlil(self) -> Optional['highlevelil.HighLevelILInstruction']:
return self.high_level_il
@property
def hlils(self) -> List['highlevelil.HighLevelILInstruction']:
result = set()
for mlil_expr in self.mlils:
for hlil_expr in mlil_expr.hlils:
try:
result.add(hlil_expr)
except:
assert False, f"mlil_expr.hlils returned list of lists: {hlil_expr} {type(hlil_expr)}"
return list(result)
@property
def value(self) -> 'variable.RegisterValue':
"""Value of expression if constant or a known value (read-only)"""
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILExprValue(self.function.handle, self.expr_index)
return variable.RegisterValue.from_BNRegisterValue(value, self.function.arch)
@property
def possible_values(self) -> 'variable.PossibleValueSet':
"""Possible values of expression using path-sensitive static data flow analysis (read-only)"""
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILPossibleExprValues(self.function.handle, self.expr_index, None, 0)
result = variable.PossibleValueSet(self.function.arch, value)
core.BNFreePossibleValueSet(value)
return result
@property
def raw_operands(self) -> OperandsType:
"""Raw operand expression indices as specified by the core structure (read-only)"""
return self.instr.operands
@property
def operands(self) -> List[LowLevelILOperandType]:
"""
Operands for the instruction
Consider using more specific APIs for ``src``, ``dest``, ``params``, etc where appropriate.
"""
return list(map(lambda x: x[1], self.detailed_operands))
@property
def detailed_operands(self) -> List[Tuple[str, LowLevelILOperandType, str]]:
"""
Returns a list of tuples containing the name of the operand, the operand, and the type of the operand.
Useful for iterating over all operands of an instruction and sub-instructions.
"""
return []
def traverse(self, cb: Callable[['LowLevelILInstruction', Any], Any], *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Iterator[Any]:
"""
``traverse`` is a generator that allows you to traverse the LowLevelILInstruction in a depth-first manner. It will yield the
result of the callback function for each node in the tree. Arguments can be passed to the callback function using
``args`` and ``kwargs``. See the `Developer Docs <https://docs.binary.ninja/dev/concepts.html#walking-ils>`_ for more examples.
:param Callable[[LowLevelILInstruction, Any], Any] cb: The callback function to call for each node in the LowLevelILInstruction
:param Any args: Custom user-defined arguments
:param Any kwargs: Custom user-defined keyword arguments
:return: An iterator of the results of the callback function
:rtype: Iterator[Any]
:Example:
>>> def get_constant_less_than_value(inst: LowLevelILInstruction, value: int) -> int:
>>> if isinstance(inst, Constant) and inst.constant < value:
>>> return inst.constant
>>>
>>> list(inst.traverse(get_constant_less_than_value, 10))
"""
if (result := cb(self, *args, **kwargs)) is not None:
yield result
for _, op, _ in self.detailed_operands:
if isinstance(op, LowLevelILInstruction):
yield from op.traverse(cb, *args, **kwargs)
elif isinstance(op, list) and all(isinstance(i, LowLevelILInstruction) for i in op):
for i in op:
yield from i.traverse(cb, *args, **kwargs) # type: ignore
@deprecation.deprecated(deprecated_in="4.0.4907", details="Use :py:func:`LowLevelILInstruction.traverse` instead.")
def visit_all(self, cb: LowLevelILVisitorCallback,
name: str = "root", parent: Optional['LowLevelILInstruction'] = None) -> bool:
"""
Visits all operands of this instruction and all operands of any sub-instructions.
Using pre-order traversal.
:param LowLevelILVisitorCallback cb: Callback function that takes the name of the operand, the operand, operand type, and parent instruction
:return: True if all instructions were visited, False if the callback returned False
"""
if cb(name, self, "LowLevelILInstruction", parent) == False:
return False
for name, op, opType in self.detailed_operands:
if isinstance(op, LowLevelILInstruction):
if not op.visit_all(cb, name, self):
return False
elif isinstance(op, list) and all(isinstance(i, LowLevelILInstruction) for i in op):
for i in op:
if not i.visit_all(cb, name, self): # type: ignore
return False
elif cb(name, op, opType, self) == False:
return False
return True
@deprecation.deprecated(deprecated_in="4.0.4907", details="Use :py:func:`LowLevelILInstruction.traverse` instead.")
def visit_operands(self, cb: LowLevelILVisitorCallback,
name: str = "root", parent: Optional['LowLevelILInstruction'] = None) -> bool:
"""
Visits all leaf operands of this instruction and any sub-instructions.
:param LowLevelILVisitorCallback cb: Callback function that takes the name of the operand, the operand, operand type, and parent instruction
:return: True if all instructions were visited, False if the callback returned False
"""
for name, op, opType in self.detailed_operands:
if isinstance(op, LowLevelILInstruction):
if not op.visit_operands(cb, name, self):
return False
elif isinstance(op, list) and all(isinstance(i, LowLevelILInstruction) for i in op):
for i in op:
if not i.visit_operands(cb, name, self): # type: ignore
return False
elif cb(name, op, opType, self) == False:
return False
return True
@deprecation.deprecated(deprecated_in="4.0.4907", details="Use :py:func:`LowLevelILInstruction.traverse` instead.")
def visit(self, cb: LowLevelILVisitorCallback,
name: str = "root", parent: Optional['LowLevelILInstruction'] = None) -> bool:
"""
Visits all LowLevelILInstructions in the operands of this instruction and any sub-instructions.
:param LowLevelILVisitorCallback cb: Callback function that takes the name of the operand, the operand, operand type, and parent instruction
:return: True if all instructions were visited, False if the callback returned False
"""
if cb(name, self, "LowLevelILInstruction", parent) == False:
return False
for name, op, opType in self.detailed_operands:
if isinstance(op, LowLevelILInstruction):
if not op.visit(cb, name, self):
return False
elif isinstance(op, list) and all(isinstance(i, LowLevelILInstruction) for i in op):
for i in op:
if not i.visit(cb, name, self): # type: ignore
return False
return True
@property
def prefix_operands(self) -> List[LowLevelILOperandType]:
"""All operands in the expression tree in prefix order"""
result: List[LowLevelILOperandType] = [LowLevelILOperationAndSize(self.instr.operation, self.instr.size)]
for operand in self.operands:
if isinstance(operand, LowLevelILInstruction):
assert id(self) != id(operand), f"circular reference {operand}({repr(operand)}) is {self}({repr(self)})"
result.extend(operand.prefix_operands)
else:
result.append(operand)
return result
@property
def postfix_operands(self) -> List[LowLevelILOperandType]:
"""All operands in the expression tree in postfix order"""
result: List[LowLevelILOperandType] = []
for operand in self.operands:
if isinstance(operand, LowLevelILInstruction):
assert id(self) != id(operand), f"circular reference {operand}({repr(operand)}) is {self}({repr(self)})"
result.extend(operand.postfix_operands)
else:
result.append(operand)
result.append(LowLevelILOperationAndSize(self.instr.operation, self.instr.size))
return result
@property
def attributes(self) -> Set[ILInstructionAttribute]:
"""The set of optional attributes placed on the instruction"""
result: Set[ILInstructionAttribute] = set()
for flag in ILInstructionAttribute:
if self.instr.attributes & flag.value != 0:
result.add(flag)
return result
@staticmethod
def _make_options_array(options: Optional[List[DataFlowQueryOption]]):
if options is None:
options = []
idx = 0
option_array = (ctypes.c_int * len(options))()
for option in options:
option_array[idx] = option
idx += 1
return option_array, len(options)
def get_possible_values(self, options: Optional[List[DataFlowQueryOption]] = None) -> variable.PossibleValueSet:
option_array, option_size = LowLevelILInstruction._make_options_array(options)
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILPossibleExprValues(self.function.handle, self.expr_index, option_array, option_size)
result = variable.PossibleValueSet(self.function.arch, value)
core.BNFreePossibleValueSet(value)
return result
def get_reg_value(self, reg: 'architecture.RegisterType') -> variable.RegisterValue:
if self.function.arch is None:
raise Exception("Can not call get_reg_value on function with Architecture set to None")
reg = self.function.arch.get_reg_index(reg)
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILRegisterValueAtInstruction(self.function.handle, reg, self.instr_index)
return variable.RegisterValue.from_BNRegisterValue(value, self.function.arch)
def get_reg_value_after(self, reg: 'architecture.RegisterType') -> variable.RegisterValue:
if self.function.arch is None:
raise Exception("Can not call get_reg_value_after on function with Architecture set to None")
reg = self.function.arch.get_reg_index(reg)
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILRegisterValueAfterInstruction(self.function.handle, reg, self.instr_index)
return variable.RegisterValue.from_BNRegisterValue(value, self.function.arch)
def get_possible_reg_values(
self, reg: 'architecture.RegisterType', options: Optional[List[DataFlowQueryOption]] = None
) -> 'variable.PossibleValueSet':
if self.function.arch is None:
raise Exception("Can not call get_possible_reg_values on function with Architecture set to None")
reg = self.function.arch.get_reg_index(reg)
option_array, option_size = LowLevelILInstruction._make_options_array(options)
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILPossibleRegisterValuesAtInstruction(
self.function.handle, reg, self.instr_index, option_array, option_size
)
result = variable.PossibleValueSet(self.function.arch, value)
core.BNFreePossibleValueSet(value)
return result
def get_possible_reg_values_after(
self, reg: 'architecture.RegisterType', options: Optional[List[DataFlowQueryOption]] = None
) -> 'variable.PossibleValueSet':
if self.function.arch is None:
raise Exception("Can not call get_possible_reg_values_after on function with Architecture set to None")
reg = self.function.arch.get_reg_index(reg)
option_array, option_size = LowLevelILInstruction._make_options_array(options)
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILPossibleRegisterValuesAfterInstruction(
self.function.handle, reg, self.instr_index, option_array, option_size
)
result = variable.PossibleValueSet(self.function.arch, value)
core.BNFreePossibleValueSet(value)
return result
def get_flag_value(self, flag: 'architecture.FlagType') -> 'variable.RegisterValue':
if self.function.arch is None:
raise Exception("Can not call get_flag_value on function with Architecture set to None")
flag = self.function.arch.get_flag_index(flag)
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILFlagValueAtInstruction(self.function.handle, flag, self.instr_index)
result = variable.RegisterValue.from_BNRegisterValue(value, self.function.arch)
return result
def get_flag_value_after(self, flag: 'architecture.FlagType') -> 'variable.RegisterValue':
if self.function.arch is None:
raise Exception("Can not call get_flag_value_after on function with Architecture set to None")
flag = self.function.arch.get_flag_index(flag)
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILFlagValueAfterInstruction(self.function.handle, flag, self.instr_index)
result = variable.RegisterValue.from_BNRegisterValue(value, self.function.arch)
return result
def get_possible_flag_values(
self, flag: 'architecture.FlagType', options: Optional[List[DataFlowQueryOption]] = None
) -> 'variable.PossibleValueSet':
if self.function.arch is None:
raise Exception("Can not call get_possible_flag_values on function with Architecture set to None")
flag = self.function.arch.get_flag_index(flag)
option_array, option_size = LowLevelILInstruction._make_options_array(options)
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILPossibleFlagValuesAtInstruction(
self.function.handle, flag, self.instr_index, option_array, option_size
)
result = variable.PossibleValueSet(self.function.arch, value)
core.BNFreePossibleValueSet(value)
return result
def get_possible_flag_values_after(
self, flag: 'architecture.FlagType', options: Optional[List[DataFlowQueryOption]] = None
) -> 'variable.PossibleValueSet':
if self.function.arch is None:
raise Exception("Can not call get_possible_flag_values_after on function with Architecture set to None")
flag = self.function.arch.get_flag_index(flag)
option_array, option_size = LowLevelILInstruction._make_options_array(options)
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILPossibleFlagValuesAfterInstruction(
self.function.handle, flag, self.instr_index, option_array, option_size
)
result = variable.PossibleValueSet(self.function.arch, value)
core.BNFreePossibleValueSet(value)
return result
def get_stack_contents(self, offset: int, size: int) -> 'variable.RegisterValue':
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILStackContentsAtInstruction(self.function.handle, offset, size, self.instr_index)
result = variable.RegisterValue.from_BNRegisterValue(value, self.function.arch)
return result
def get_stack_contents_after(self, offset: int, size: int) -> 'variable.RegisterValue':
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILStackContentsAfterInstruction(self.function.handle, offset, size, self.instr_index)
result = variable.RegisterValue.from_BNRegisterValue(value, self.function.arch)
return result
def get_possible_stack_contents(
self, offset: int, size: int, options: Optional[List[DataFlowQueryOption]] = None
) -> variable.PossibleValueSet:
option_array, option_size = LowLevelILInstruction._make_options_array(options)
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILPossibleStackContentsAtInstruction(
self.function.handle, offset, size, self.instr_index, option_array, option_size
)
result = variable.PossibleValueSet(self.function.arch, value)
core.BNFreePossibleValueSet(value)
return result
def get_possible_stack_contents_after(
self, offset: int, size: int, options: Optional[List[DataFlowQueryOption]] = None
) -> variable.PossibleValueSet:
option_array, option_size = LowLevelILInstruction._make_options_array(options)
value = core.BNGetLowLevelILPossibleStackContentsAfterInstruction(
self.function.handle, offset, size, self.instr_index, option_array, option_size
)
result = variable.PossibleValueSet(self.function.arch, value)
core.BNFreePossibleValueSet(value)