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add tetris game tutorial
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‎README.md‎

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@@ -268,5 +268,6 @@ This is a repository of all the tutorials of [The Python Code](https://www.thepy
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- [How to Build a GUI Dictionary App with Tkinter in Python](https://www.thepythoncode.com/article/make-a-gui-audio-dictionary-python). ([code](gui-programming/word-dictionary-with-audio))
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- [How to Make a Real-Time GUI Spelling Checker in Python](https://www.thepythoncode.com/article/make-a-realtime-spelling-checker-gui-python). ([code](gui-programming/realtime-spelling-checker))
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- [How to Create a GUI Hangman Game using PyGame in Python](https://www.thepythoncode.com/article/hangman-gui-game-with-pygame-in-python). ([code](gui-programming/hangman-game-gui))
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- [How to Make a Tetris Game using PyGame in Python](https://www.thepythoncode.com/article/create-a-tetris-game-with-pygame-in-python). ([code](gui-programming/tetris-game))
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For any feedback, please consider pulling requests.

‎gui-programming/tetris-game/README.md‎

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# [How to Make a Tetris Game using PyGame in Python](https://www.thepythoncode.com/article/create-a-tetris-game-with-pygame-in-python)

‎gui-programming/tetris-game/requirements.txt‎

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pygame

‎gui-programming/tetris-game/tetris.py‎

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import sys
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import pygame
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import random
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pygame.init()
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# Screen dimensions
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WIDTH, HEIGHT = 800, 600
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GRID_SIZE = 25
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# Colors
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WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
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BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
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RED = (255, 0, 0)
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BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
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GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
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COLORS = [RED, BLUE, GREEN]
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# Tetromino shapes
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SHAPES = [
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[
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['.....',
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'.....',
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'.....',
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'OOOO.',
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'.....'],
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['.....',
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'..O..',
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'..O..',
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'..O..',
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'..O..']
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],
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[
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['.....',
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'.....',
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'..O..',
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'.OOO.',
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'.....'],
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['.....',
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'..O..',
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'.OO..',
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'..O..',
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'.....'],
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['.....',
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'.....',
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'.OOO.',
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'..O..',
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'.....'],
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['.....',
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'..O..',
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'..OO.',
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'..O..',
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'.....']
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],
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[
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[
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'.....',
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'.....',
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'..OO.',
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'.OO..',
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'.....'],
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['.....',
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'.....',
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'.OO..',
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'..OO.',
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'.....'],
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['.....',
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'.O...',
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'.OO..',
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'..O..',
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'.....'],
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['.....',
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'..O..',
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'.OO..',
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'.O...',
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'.....']
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],
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[
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['.....',
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'..O..',
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'..O.',
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'..OO.',
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'.....'],
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['.....',
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'...O.',
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'.OOO.',
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'.....',
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'.....'],
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['.....',
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'.OO..',
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'..O..',
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'..O..',
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'.....'],
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['.....',
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'.....',
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'.OOO.',
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'.O...',
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'.....']
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],
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]
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class Tetromino:
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def __init__(self, x, y, shape):
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self.x = x
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self.y = y
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self.shape = shape
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self.color = random.choice(COLORS) # You can choose different colors for each shape
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self.rotation = 0
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class Tetris:
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def __init__(self, width, height):
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self.width = width
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self.height = height
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self.grid = [[0 for _ in range(width)] for _ in range(height)]
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self.current_piece = self.new_piece()
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self.game_over = False
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self.score = 0 # Add score attribute
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def new_piece(self):
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# Choose a random shape
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shape = random.choice(SHAPES)
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# Return a new Tetromino object
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return Tetromino(self.width // 2, 0, shape)
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def valid_move(self, piece, x, y, rotation):
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"""Check if the piece can move to the given position"""
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for i, row in enumerate(piece.shape[(piece.rotation + rotation) % len(piece.shape)]):
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for j, cell in enumerate(row):
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try:
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if cell == 'O' and (self.grid[piece.y + i + y][piece.x + j + x] != 0):
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return False
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except IndexError:
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return False
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return True
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def clear_lines(self):
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"""Clear the lines that are full and return the number of cleared lines"""
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lines_cleared = 0
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for i, row in enumerate(self.grid[:-1]):
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if all(cell != 0 for cell in row):
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lines_cleared += 1
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del self.grid[i]
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self.grid.insert(0, [0 for _ in range(self.width)])
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return lines_cleared
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def lock_piece(self, piece):
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"""Lock the piece in place and create a new piece"""
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for i, row in enumerate(piece.shape[piece.rotation % len(piece.shape)]):
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for j, cell in enumerate(row):
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if cell == 'O':
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self.grid[piece.y + i][piece.x + j] = piece.color
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# Clear the lines and update the score
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lines_cleared = self.clear_lines()
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self.score += lines_cleared * 100 # Update the score based on the number of cleared lines
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# Create a new piece
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self.current_piece = self.new_piece()
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# Check if the game is over
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if not self.valid_move(self.current_piece, 0, 0, 0):
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self.game_over = True
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return lines_cleared
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def update(self):
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"""Move the tetromino down one cell"""
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if not self.game_over:
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if self.valid_move(self.current_piece, 0, 1, 0):
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self.current_piece.y += 1
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else:
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self.lock_piece(self.current_piece)
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def draw(self, screen):
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"""Draw the grid and the current piece"""
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for y, row in enumerate(self.grid):
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for x, cell in enumerate(row):
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if cell:
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pygame.draw.rect(screen, cell, (x * GRID_SIZE, y * GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE - 1, GRID_SIZE - 1))
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if self.current_piece:
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for i, row in enumerate(self.current_piece.shape[self.current_piece.rotation % len(self.current_piece.shape)]):
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for j, cell in enumerate(row):
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if cell == 'O':
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pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.current_piece.color, ((self.current_piece.x + j) * GRID_SIZE, (self.current_piece.y + i) * GRID_SIZE, GRID_SIZE - 1, GRID_SIZE - 1))
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def draw_score(screen, score, x, y):
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"""Draw the score on the screen"""
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font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36)
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text = font.render(f"Score: {score}", True, WHITE)
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screen.blit(text, (x, y))
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def draw_game_over(screen, x, y):
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"""Draw the game over text on the screen"""
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font = pygame.font.Font(None, 48)
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text = font.render("Game Over", True, RED)
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screen.blit(text, (x, y))
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def main():
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# Initialize pygame
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screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
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pygame.display.set_caption('Tetris')
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# Create a clock object
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clock = pygame.time.Clock()
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# Create a Tetris object
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game = Tetris(WIDTH // GRID_SIZE, HEIGHT // GRID_SIZE)
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fall_time = 0
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fall_speed = 50 # You can adjust this value to change the falling speed, it's in milliseconds
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while True:
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# Fill the screen with black
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screen.fill(BLACK)
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for event in pygame.event.get():
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# Check for the QUIT event
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if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
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pygame.quit()
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sys.exit()
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# Check for the KEYDOWN event
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if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
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if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
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if game.valid_move(game.current_piece, -1, 0, 0):
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game.current_piece.x -= 1 # Move the piece to the left
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if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
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if game.valid_move(game.current_piece, 1, 0, 0):
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game.current_piece.x += 1 # Move the piece to the right
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if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
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if game.valid_move(game.current_piece, 0, 1, 0):
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game.current_piece.y += 1 # Move the piece down
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if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
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if game.valid_move(game.current_piece, 0, 0, 1):
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game.current_piece.rotation += 1 # Rotate the piece
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if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
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while game.valid_move(game.current_piece, 0, 1, 0):
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game.current_piece.y += 1 # Move the piece down until it hits the bottom
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game.lock_piece(game.current_piece) # Lock the piece in place
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# Get the number of milliseconds since the last frame
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delta_time = clock.get_rawtime()
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# Add the delta time to the fall time
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fall_time += delta_time
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if fall_time >= fall_speed:
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# Move the piece down
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game.update()
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# Reset the fall time
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fall_time = 0
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# Draw the score on the screen
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draw_score(screen, game.score, 10, 10)
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# Draw the grid and the current piece
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game.draw(screen)
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if game.game_over:
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# Draw the "Game Over" message
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draw_game_over(screen, WIDTH // 2 - 100, HEIGHT // 2 - 30) # Draw the "Game Over" message
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# You can add a "Press any key to restart" message here
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# Check for the KEYDOWN event
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if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
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# Create a new Tetris object
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game = Tetris(WIDTH // GRID_SIZE, HEIGHT // GRID_SIZE)
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# Update the display
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pygame.display.flip()
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# Set the framerate
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clock.tick(60)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main()
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