diff --git a/include/proxy-wasm/context.h b/include/proxy-wasm/context.h
index e2a6abd8d..9623a498b 100644
--- a/include/proxy-wasm/context.h
+++ b/include/proxy-wasm/context.h
@@ -47,14 +47,16 @@ class WasmVm;
  * @param fail_open if true the plugin will pass traffic as opposed to close all streams.
  */
 struct PluginBase {
-  PluginBase(string_view name, string_view root_id, string_view vm_id,
+  PluginBase(string_view name, string_view root_id, string_view vm_id, string_view runtime,
              string_view plugin_configuration, bool fail_open)
       : name_(std::string(name)), root_id_(std::string(root_id)), vm_id_(std::string(vm_id)),
-        plugin_configuration_(plugin_configuration), fail_open_(fail_open) {}
+        runtime_(std::string(runtime)), plugin_configuration_(plugin_configuration),
+        fail_open_(fail_open) {}
 
   const std::string name_;
   const std::string root_id_;
   const std::string vm_id_;
+  const std::string runtime_;
   std::string plugin_configuration_;
   const bool fail_open_;
   const std::string &log_prefix() const { return log_prefix_; }
diff --git a/include/proxy-wasm/wasm.h b/include/proxy-wasm/wasm.h
index e8364acb0..e9454ea6a 100644
--- a/include/proxy-wasm/wasm.h
+++ b/include/proxy-wasm/wasm.h
@@ -71,7 +71,8 @@ class WasmBase : public std::enable_shared_from_this<WasmBase> {
     return nullptr;
   }
   uint32_t allocContextId();
-  bool isFailed() { return failed_; }
+  bool isFailed() { return failed_ != FailState::Ok; }
+  FailState fail_state() { return failed_; }
 
   const std::string &code() const { return code_; }
   const std::string &vm_configuration() const;
@@ -115,9 +116,9 @@ class WasmBase : public std::enable_shared_from_this<WasmBase> {
 
   WasmForeignFunction getForeignFunction(string_view function_name);
 
-  void fail(string_view message) {
+  void fail(FailState fail_state, string_view message) {
     error(message);
-    failed_ = true;
+    failed_ = fail_state;
   }
   virtual void error(string_view message) { std::cerr << message << "\n"; }
   virtual void unimplemented() { error("unimplemented proxy-wasm API"); }
@@ -236,7 +237,7 @@ class WasmBase : public std::enable_shared_from_this<WasmBase> {
   std::string code_;
   std::string vm_configuration_;
   bool allow_precompiled_ = false;
-  bool failed_ = false; // The Wasm VM has experienced a fatal error.
+  FailState failed_ = FailState::Ok; // Wasm VM fatal error.
 
   bool is_emscripten_ = false;
   uint32_t emscripten_metadata_major_version_ = 0;
diff --git a/include/proxy-wasm/wasm_vm.h b/include/proxy-wasm/wasm_vm.h
index 1511a5ed4..64d3865a1 100644
--- a/include/proxy-wasm/wasm_vm.h
+++ b/include/proxy-wasm/wasm_vm.h
@@ -124,6 +124,17 @@ struct WasmVmIntegration {
                                  void *ptr_to_function_return) = 0;
 };
 
+enum class FailState : int {
+  Ok = 0,
+  UnableToCreateVM = 1,
+  UnableToCloneVM = 2,
+  MissingFunction = 3,
+  UnableToInitializeCode = 4,
+  StartFailed = 5,
+  ConfigureFailed = 6,
+  RuntimeError = 7,
+};
+
 // Wasm VM instance. Provides the low level WASM interface.
 class WasmVm {
 public:
@@ -250,24 +261,26 @@ class WasmVm {
   FOR_ALL_WASM_VM_IMPORTS(_REGISTER_CALLBACK)
 #undef _REGISTER_CALLBACK
 
-  bool isFailed() { return failed_; }
-  void fail(string_view message) {
+  bool isFailed() { return failed_ != FailState::Ok; }
+  void fail(FailState fail_state, string_view message) {
     error(message);
-    failed_ = true;
+    failed_ = fail_state;
     if (fail_callback_) {
-      fail_callback_();
+      fail_callback_(fail_state);
     }
   }
-  void setFailCallback(std::function<void()> fail_callback) { fail_callback_ = fail_callback; }
+  void setFailCallback(std::function<void(FailState)> fail_callback) {
+    fail_callback_ = fail_callback;
+  }
 
   // Integrator operations.
   std::unique_ptr<WasmVmIntegration> &integration() { return integration_; }
   void error(string_view message) { integration()->error(message); }
 
-private:
+protected:
   std::unique_ptr<WasmVmIntegration> integration_;
-  bool failed_ = false;
-  std::function<void()> fail_callback_;
+  FailState failed_ = FailState::Ok;
+  std::function<void(FailState)> fail_callback_;
 };
 
 // Thread local state set during a call into a WASM VM so that calls coming out of the
diff --git a/src/v8/v8.cc b/src/v8/v8.cc
index f13f91a7f..c4664f039 100644
--- a/src/v8/v8.cc
+++ b/src/v8/v8.cc
@@ -322,20 +322,20 @@ string_view V8::getCustomSection(string_view name) {
   const byte_t *end = source_.get() + source_.size();
   while (pos < end) {
     if (pos + 1 > end) {
-      fail("Failed to parse corrupted Wasm module");
+      fail(FailState::UnableToInitializeCode, "Failed to parse corrupted Wasm module");
       return "";
     }
     const auto section_type = *pos++;
     const auto section_len = parseVarint(pos, end);
     if (section_len == static_cast<uint32_t>(-1) || pos + section_len > end) {
-      fail("Failed to parse corrupted Wasm module");
+      fail(FailState::UnableToInitializeCode, "Failed to parse corrupted Wasm module");
       return "";
     }
     if (section_type == 0 /* custom section */) {
       const auto section_data_start = pos;
       const auto section_name_len = parseVarint(pos, end);
       if (section_name_len == static_cast<uint32_t>(-1) || pos + section_name_len > end) {
-        fail("Failed to parse corrupted Wasm module");
+        fail(FailState::UnableToInitializeCode, "Failed to parse corrupted Wasm module");
         return "";
       }
       if (section_name_len == name.size() && ::memcmp(pos, name.data(), section_name_len) == 0) {
@@ -382,19 +382,21 @@ bool V8::link(string_view debug_name) {
     case wasm::EXTERN_FUNC: {
       auto it = host_functions_.find(std::string(module) + "." + std::string(name));
       if (it == host_functions_.end()) {
-        fail(std::string("Failed to load Wasm module due to a missing import: ") +
-             std::string(module) + "." + std::string(name));
+        fail(FailState::UnableToInitializeCode,
+             std::string("Failed to load Wasm module due to a missing import: ") +
+                 std::string(module) + "." + std::string(name));
         break;
       }
       auto func = it->second.get()->callback_.get();
       if (!equalValTypes(import_type->func()->params(), func->type()->params()) ||
           !equalValTypes(import_type->func()->results(), func->type()->results())) {
-        fail(std::string("Failed to load Wasm module due to an import type mismatch: ") +
-             std::string(module) + "." + std::string(name) +
-             ", want: " + printValTypes(import_type->func()->params()) + " -> " +
-             printValTypes(import_type->func()->results()) +
-             ", but host exports: " + printValTypes(func->type()->params()) + " -> " +
-             printValTypes(func->type()->results()));
+        fail(FailState::UnableToInitializeCode,
+             std::string("Failed to load Wasm module due to an import type mismatch: ") +
+                 std::string(module) + "." + std::string(name) +
+                 ", want: " + printValTypes(import_type->func()->params()) + " -> " +
+                 printValTypes(import_type->func()->results()) +
+                 ", but host exports: " + printValTypes(func->type()->params()) + " -> " +
+                 printValTypes(func->type()->results()));
         break;
       }
       imports.push_back(func);
@@ -402,8 +404,9 @@ bool V8::link(string_view debug_name) {
 
     case wasm::EXTERN_GLOBAL: {
       // TODO(PiotrSikora): add support when/if needed.
-      fail("Failed to load Wasm module due to a missing import: " + std::string(module) + "." +
-           std::string(name));
+      fail(FailState::UnableToInitializeCode,
+           "Failed to load Wasm module due to a missing import: " + std::string(module) + "." +
+               std::string(name));
     } break;
 
     case wasm::EXTERN_MEMORY: {
@@ -565,7 +568,8 @@ void V8::getModuleFunctionImpl(string_view function_name,
   const wasm::Func *func = it->second.get();
   if (!equalValTypes(func->type()->params(), convertArgsTupleToValTypes<std::tuple<Args...>>()) ||
       !equalValTypes(func->type()->results(), convertArgsTupleToValTypes<std::tuple<>>())) {
-    fail(std::string("Bad function signature for: ") + std::string(function_name));
+    fail(FailState::UnableToInitializeCode,
+         std::string("Bad function signature for: ") + std::string(function_name));
     *function = nullptr;
     return;
   }
@@ -574,8 +578,8 @@ void V8::getModuleFunctionImpl(string_view function_name,
     SaveRestoreContext saved_context(context);
     auto trap = func->call(params, nullptr);
     if (trap) {
-      fail("Function: " + std::string(function_name) +
-           " failed: " + std::string(trap->message().get(), trap->message().size()));
+      fail(FailState::RuntimeError, "Function: " + std::string(function_name) + " failed: " +
+                                        std::string(trap->message().get(), trap->message().size()));
     }
   };
 }
@@ -591,7 +595,8 @@ void V8::getModuleFunctionImpl(string_view function_name,
   const wasm::Func *func = it->second.get();
   if (!equalValTypes(func->type()->params(), convertArgsTupleToValTypes<std::tuple<Args...>>()) ||
       !equalValTypes(func->type()->results(), convertArgsTupleToValTypes<std::tuple<R>>())) {
-    fail("Bad function signature for: " + std::string(function_name));
+    fail(FailState::UnableToInitializeCode,
+         "Bad function signature for: " + std::string(function_name));
     *function = nullptr;
     return;
   }
@@ -601,8 +606,8 @@ void V8::getModuleFunctionImpl(string_view function_name,
     SaveRestoreContext saved_context(context);
     auto trap = func->call(params, results);
     if (trap) {
-      fail("Function: " + std::string(function_name) +
-           " failed: " + std::string(trap->message().get(), trap->message().size()));
+      fail(FailState::RuntimeError, "Function: " + std::string(function_name) + " failed: " +
+                                        std::string(trap->message().get(), trap->message().size()));
       return R{};
     }
     R rvalue = results[0].get<typename ConvertWordTypeToUint32<R>::type>();
diff --git a/src/wasm.cc b/src/wasm.cc
index 59844daaa..64c64e52a 100644
--- a/src/wasm.cc
+++ b/src/wasm.cc
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ void WasmBase::getFunctions() {
 #undef _GET_PROXY
 
   if (!malloc_) {
-    fail("Wasm missing malloc");
+    fail(FailState::MissingFunction, "Wasm missing malloc");
   }
 }
 
@@ -250,9 +250,9 @@ WasmBase::WasmBase(const std::shared_ptr<WasmHandleBase> &base_wasm_handle, Wasm
     wasm_vm_ = factory();
   }
   if (!wasm_vm_) {
-    failed_ = true;
+    failed_ = FailState::UnableToCreateVM;
   } else {
-    wasm_vm_->setFailCallback([this] { failed_ = true; });
+    wasm_vm_->setFailCallback([this](FailState fail_state) { failed_ = fail_state; });
   }
 }
 
@@ -261,9 +261,9 @@ WasmBase::WasmBase(std::unique_ptr<WasmVm> wasm_vm, string_view vm_id, string_vi
     : vm_id_(std::string(vm_id)), vm_key_(std::string(vm_key)), wasm_vm_(std::move(wasm_vm)),
       vm_configuration_(std::string(vm_configuration)) {
   if (!wasm_vm_) {
-    failed_ = true;
+    failed_ = FailState::UnableToCreateVM;
   } else {
-    wasm_vm_->setFailCallback([this] { failed_ = true; });
+    wasm_vm_->setFailCallback([this](FailState fail_state) { failed_ = fail_state; });
   }
 }
 
@@ -450,25 +450,26 @@ std::shared_ptr<WasmHandleBase> createWasm(std::string vm_key, std::string code,
   }
 
   if (!wasm_handle->wasm()->initialize(code, allow_precompiled)) {
-    wasm_handle->wasm()->fail("Failed to initialize Wasm code");
+    wasm_handle->wasm()->fail(FailState::UnableToInitializeCode, "Failed to initialize Wasm code");
     return nullptr;
   }
   auto configuration_canary_handle = clone_factory(wasm_handle);
   if (!configuration_canary_handle) {
-    wasm_handle->wasm()->fail("Failed to clone Base Wasm");
+    wasm_handle->wasm()->fail(FailState::UnableToCloneVM, "Failed to clone Base Wasm");
     return nullptr;
   }
   if (!configuration_canary_handle->wasm()->initialize(code, allow_precompiled)) {
-    wasm_handle->wasm()->fail("Failed to initialize Wasm code");
+    wasm_handle->wasm()->fail(FailState::UnableToInitializeCode, "Failed to initialize Wasm code");
     return nullptr;
   }
   auto root_context = configuration_canary_handle->wasm()->start(plugin);
   if (!root_context) {
-    configuration_canary_handle->wasm()->fail("Failed to start base Wasm");
+    configuration_canary_handle->wasm()->fail(FailState::StartFailed, "Failed to start base Wasm");
     return nullptr;
   }
   if (!configuration_canary_handle->wasm()->configure(root_context, plugin)) {
-    configuration_canary_handle->wasm()->fail("Failed to configure base Wasm plugin");
+    configuration_canary_handle->wasm()->fail(FailState::ConfigureFailed,
+                                              "Failed to configure base Wasm plugin");
     return nullptr;
   }
   configuration_canary_handle->kill();
@@ -484,16 +485,17 @@ createThreadLocalWasm(std::shared_ptr<WasmHandleBase> &base_wasm,
   }
   if (!wasm_handle->wasm()->initialize(wasm_handle->wasm()->code(),
                                        wasm_handle->wasm()->allow_precompiled())) {
-    wasm_handle->wasm()->fail("Failed to initialize Wasm code");
+    wasm_handle->wasm()->fail(FailState::UnableToInitializeCode, "Failed to initialize Wasm code");
     return nullptr;
   }
   ContextBase *root_context = wasm_handle->wasm()->start(plugin);
   if (!root_context) {
-    base_wasm->wasm()->fail("Failed to start thread-local Wasm");
+    base_wasm->wasm()->fail(FailState::StartFailed, "Failed to start thread-local Wasm");
     return nullptr;
   }
   if (!wasm_handle->wasm()->configure(root_context, plugin)) {
-    base_wasm->wasm()->fail("Failed to configure thread-local Wasm plugin");
+    base_wasm->wasm()->fail(FailState::ConfigureFailed,
+                            "Failed to configure thread-local Wasm plugin");
     return nullptr;
   }
   local_wasms[std::string(wasm_handle->wasm()->vm_key())] = wasm_handle;
@@ -519,7 +521,8 @@ getOrCreateThreadLocalWasm(std::shared_ptr<WasmHandleBase> base_wasm,
   if (wasm_handle) {
     auto root_context = wasm_handle->wasm()->getOrCreateRootContext(plugin);
     if (!wasm_handle->wasm()->configure(root_context, plugin)) {
-      base_wasm->wasm()->fail("Failed to configure thread-local Wasm code");
+      base_wasm->wasm()->fail(FailState::ConfigureFailed,
+                              "Failed to configure thread-local Wasm code");
       return nullptr;
     }
     return wasm_handle;