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Table of Contents

May 2025

Cover

High-magnification confocal microscopy image showing single-molecule detection of viral RNA from each genomic segment of Bunyamwera virus in an infected Vero E6 cell. Each fluorescent punctum represents an individual RNA molecule corresponding to the small (S), medium (M), or large (L) genome segments. Bower, Gunter & Lunel et al, 2025.

Image Credit: Andrew Lunel, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University.

Viewpoints

XDR typhoid in Pakistan: A threat to global health security and a wake-up call for antimicrobial stewardship

Muhammad Ahmed Abdullah, Babar Tasneem Shaikh, Maryam Ashraf, Shahzad Ali Khan

Things you wanted to know about fungal extracellular vesicles (but were afraid to ask)

Flavia C. G. Reis, Marcio L. Rodrigues

Policy Platform

(In)coherence between Chagas disease policy and the experiences of those affected in Mexico: The need for a transdisciplinary approach

Mariela Aké-Chan, Mariana Sanmartino, María Teresa Castillo-Burguete, Adriana González-Martínez, Carlos N. Ibarra-Cerdeña

Reviews

The psychosocial and emotional burden of lymphatic filariasis: A systematic review

Jorge Vasconez-Gonzalez, Camila Miño, María de Lourdes Noboa, Andrea Tello-De-la-Torre, Juan S. Izquierdo-Condoy, Esteban Ortiz-Prado

Opportunities and challenges for plague vector control in Madagascar

Annick Onimalala Raveloson, Mireille Harimalala, Beza Ramasindrazana, Romain Girod, Thomas Robert Gillespie, Diego Ayala, Adelaide Miarinjara

Breaking the cycle of parasitic diseases with edutainment: The intersection of entertainment and education

Muhammad Furqan Arshad, Ibrahim Abbas, Francesca Porcu, Alessandro Ricci, Gabriella Gaglio, Emanuele Brianti, Silvia Carta, Lia Cavallo, Claudia Tamponi, Simona Gabrielli, Camila González, Cinzia Cantacessi, Antonio Scala, Antonio Varcasia

Research Articles

Susceptibility of diverse sand fly species to Toscana virus

Magdalena Jancarova, Nikola Polanska, Adrien Thiesson, Frédérick Arnaud, Marketa Stejskalova, Marketa Rehbergerova, Alain Kohl, Barbara Viginier, Petr Volf, Maxime Ratinier

Monitoring the trends of Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in humans and Pomacea spp. Snails in Dali, Yunnan, China, 2007–2021

Tian-mei Li, Yu-hua Liu, Wen Fang, Shen-hua Zhao, Ting Li, Ling Jiang, Peter S. Andrus, Yun-hai Guo, Shao-rong Chen

The process of residual calcification following antiparasitic treatment in the pig model of neurocysticercosis is dynamic

Gianfranco Arroyo, Laura Baquedano, Rosa Diaz–Gongora, Lizziee Tello–Ccente, Erick Castillo, Edson Bernal, Omar Gonzales–Viera, Robert H. Gilman, Manuela R. Verastegui, Theodore E. Nash, Armando E. Gonzalez, Hector H. Garcia, Javier A. Bustos, on behalf of The Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru [CWGP]

Assessing chikungunya’s economic burden and impact on health-related quality of life: Two systematic literature reviews

Giorgia Tiozzo, Adrianne M. de Roo, Gabriel S. Gurgel do Amaral, Hinko Hofstra, Gerard T. Vondeling, Maarten J. Postma

Comprehensive intra-host infection kinetics reveals high arbo-orthoflavivirus transmission potential by neglected vector species, Aedes scutellaris

Yudthana Samung, Jutharat Pengon, Chatpong Pethrak, Phonchanan Pakparnich, Saranya Thaiudomsup, Kittitat Suksirisawat, Manop Saeung, Anon Phayakkaphon, Songpol Eiamsam-ang, Thipruethai Phanitchat, Channarong Sartsanga, Tararat Jantra, Patchara Sriwichai, Natapong Jupatanakul

Environmental risk factors for chronic kidney disease of non-traditional causes in tropical coastal areas: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hsiao-Yu Yang, Kai-Chieh Wen, Ping-Fang Chiu, Wan-Chin Chen, Teng-Hsiang Chang, Che-Jui Chang, Wei-Hung Hsu, Shin-Chien Chen

Enhancing national cholera surveillance using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs): A mixed methods evaluation

Erin T. Baumgartner, Kendra N. Williams, Emee Rai, Erica N. Rosser, Rudra P. Marasini, Sagar Dahal, Anu Shakya, Julia Lynch, Kshitij Karki, Deepak C. Bajracharya, David A. Sack, Amanda K. Debes

Cystatin antibodies interfere with ovary development in Haemaphysalis doenitzi (Acari: Ixodidae)

Songbo Zhang, Zhihua Gao, Ahmed H. Ghonaim, Weijia Xing, Weikang Zhao, Jiayi Zhang, Xiaolong Yang

Detection of Haemophilus ducreyi from environmental and animal samples in Cameroon

Philippe Ndzomo, Serges Tchatchouang, Onana Boyomo, Tania Crucitti, Michael Marks, Sara Eyangoh

Development and validation of a simple-to-use nomogram for predicting severe scrub typhus in children

Yonghan Luo, Yan Guo, Yanchun Wang, Xiaotao Yang

Socio-cultural and structural barriers influencing parents’ knowledge and access to information on schistosomiasis in children around Ugandan Lakes

Lisa Sophie Reigl, Maxson Kenneth Anyolitho, Stella Neema, Mary Amuyunzu-Nyamongo, Andrea Buhl, Jennifer Burrill, Marie Frese, Djouquou Alexise Gnahore, Eveline Hürlimann, Lobohon Suzanne Lavry Épouse Yao, Janet Masaku, Nora Monnier, Ashley Preston, Alice Sereti Sinkeet, Peter Steinmann, Alain Toh, Orkan Okan, Andrea S. Winkler, Isabelle L. Lange

Exploring community knowledge, perceptions, and the impacts of anthrax among farming communities living in game management areas in Zambia: A qualitative study using a hybrid approach

Chisoni Mumba, Davies Phiri, Exillia Kabbudula, Laila Gondwe, Noanga Mebelo, Gubula Simweene, Mutinta N. Hankolwe, Kezzy Besa, Suwilanji S. Sichone, Mwila Kayula, Mainda Geoffrey, Kivaria M. Fredrick, Charles Bebay, Soumare Baba, Mtui-Malamsha N. Jesse, Suze P. Filippini, Chitwambi Makungu

The potential impacts of vector host species fidelity on zoonotic arbovirus transmission

Tijani A. Sulaimon, Anthony J. Wood, Michael B. Bonsall, Michael Boots, Jennifer S. Lord

Unprecedented in vivo activity of telacebec against Mycobacterium leprae

Aurélie Chauffour, Emmanuelle Cambau, Kevin Pethe, Nicolas Veziris, Alexandra Aubry

Clinical features of talaromycosis in people living with HIV/AIDS (PWHA) and patients with anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies

Kawisara Krasaewes, Narootchai Patanadamrongchai, Quanhathai Kaewpoowat, Jiraprapa Wipasa, Saowaluck Yasri, Antika Wongthanee, Romanee Chaiwarith

Clinical characteristics and serotype association of dengue and dengue like illness in Pakistan

Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Kumail Ahmed, Aqsa Khalid, Kehkashan Imtiaz, Qamreen Mumtaz Ali, Tania Munir, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Unab Khan, Badar Afzal, Farah Naz Qamar, Jesse J. Waggoner, Hannah Fenelon, Helene McOwen, Erum Khan, Peter Rabinowitz, Wesley C. Van Voorhis

The impact and cost of a new rapid diagnostic test for school-based prevalence mapping and monitoring and evaluation surveys of schistosomiasis: A modelling study

Joshua M. Chevalier, Kyra H. Grantz, Sarah Girdwood, Stella Kepha, Thierry Ramos, Brooke E. Nichols, Shaukat Khan, Sarah Hingel

Impact of Blastocystis carriage and colonization intensity on gut microbiota composition in a non-westernized rural population from Colombia

Sergio Castañeda, Jeff Tomiak, Lee O’Brien Andersen, Claudia Patricia Acosta, Luis Reinel Vasquez-A, Christen Rune Stensvold, Juan David Ramírez

Cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis in people from Mocuba district, Zambézia province: A Mozambican community-based study

Janny Mucavele, Noémia Nhancupe, Gaby Ermelindo Roberto Monteiro, Regina Daniel Miambo, Lídia Gouveia, Alberto Pondja, Irina Mendes Sousa, Stephen W. Bickler, Constance A. Benson, Robert T. Schooley, Veronika Schmidt, Charlotte Ruether, Dominik Stelzle, Clarissa Prazeres da Costa, Ladino Suade, Milton L. Wainberg, Maria A. Oquendo, Andrea S. Winkler, Emilia Virginia Noormahomed, Zambézia cysticercosis working Group

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of benznidazole and its antitrypanosomal activity in a murine model of chronic Chagas disease

Frauke Assmus, Ayorinde Adehin, Richard M. Hoglund, Amanda Fortes Francisco, Michael D. Lewis, John M. Kelly, Susan A. Charman, Karen L. White, David M. Shackleford, Fanny Escudié, Eric Chatelain, Ivan Scandale, Joel Tarning

Clonorchis sinensis extracellular vesicles associated with Csi-let-7a-5p activate pro-inflammatory macrophages to induce biliary injury

Beibei Zhang, Xing Li, Qian-Yang Zhou, Chen Zhang, Zheng-Rui Bian, Xin-Xin Ren, Qian Yu, Hui Hua, Zhihua Jiang, Bo Zhang, Xiang-Yang Li, Mu-Xin Chen, Kui-Yang Zheng, Chao Yan

Clinical and molecular evidences of HTLV-1 infection in inpatients diagnosed with diseases previously described as associated to this infection: A case series in Gabon, Central Africa

Eldridge Fedricksen Oloumbou, Léonie Ledaga Lentombo, Judicaël Obame-Nkoghe, Josaphat Iba-Ba, Jeordy Dimitri Engone Ondo, Christ Ognari Ayoumi, Moussa Yaro, Abdoulaye Diané, Philomène Kouna Ndouongo, Jean-Bruno Boguikouma, Ivan Mfouo-Tynga, Augustin Mouinga-Ondémé

Prevalence and novel genetic characteristics of Cryptosporidium spp. in wild rodents in the northern foothills of the Dabie Mountains, southeast Henan Province, China

Mengyao Yang, Yin Fu, Pitambar Dhakal, Zi Yan, Jiashu Lang, Chaofeng Ma, Yuhong Jiang, Congzhou Wang, Longxian Zhang

Population genetic analysis of Aedes aegypti reveals evidence of emerging admixture populations in coastal Kenya

Francis Mulwa, Dario Balcazar, Solomon Langat, James Mutisya, Betty Chelangat, Carolyn S. McBride, Noah Rose, Jeffrey Powell, Rosemary Sang, Armanda Bastos, Andrea Gloria-Soria, Joel Lutomiah

Association between serum ferritin and mortality in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: A retrospective cohort study

Wenyan Xiao, Liangliang Zhang, Yang Zhang, Juanjuan Hu, Jin Zhang, Tianfeng Hua, Min Yang

ADSCs attenuate Liver fibrosis via inducing HSC senescence: validation in dual-etiology models

Mukexina Mulati, Ning Yang, Junlong Xue, Liang Li, Xue Zhang, Hui Liu, Jin Chu, Guodong Lü, Nuerbaiti Kusuman, Xiaolong He, Tuerganaili Aji, Xiaojuan Bi, Renyong Lin

Clinical characteristics and severity of hand, foot, and mouth disease by virus serotype: A prospective hospital-based cohort study

Yu Li, Junmei Yang, Lu Liang, Kai Wang, Lance Turtle, Peng Li, Yonghong Zhou, Yuanfang Shen, Peng Cui, Chongchen Zhou, Qi Qiu, Chun Guo, Mengyao Zeng, Lu Long, Tianchen Zhang, Malik Peiris, Benjamin J. Cowling, Tom Solomon, Yibing Cheng, Peng Wu, Hongjie Yu

Antimicrobial resistant bacteria isolated from Buruli ulcer lesions in Ghana

Nancy Ackam, Charity Wiafe Akenten, Abigail Opoku Boadi, Abigail Agbanyo, Kabiru Mohammed Abass, George Amofa, Elizabeth Ofori, Joseph Azabire, Augustina Sylverken, Kwasi Obiri-Danso, Mark Wansbrough-Jones, Thorsten Thye, Denise Dekker, Yaw Ampem Amoako, Richard Odame Phillips

Real-time dynamic monitoring and multiplex PCR identification of vector mosquitoes in Zhejiang, China

Qing He, Qinbao Lu, Ningzi Xie, Xiaohua Liu, Xinyi Wang, Jinren Pan, Sofia Litchev, Yuxin Hu, Xiaodong Li, Bin Zheng, Junfen Lin, Enfu Chen, Xiao-Guang Chen, Xiaohong Zhou, QingMing Kong, Shaohong Lu

Long-term persistence and boostability of immune responses following different rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis priming schedules of a purified chick embryo cell rabies vaccine administered alone or concomitantly with a Japanese encephalitis vaccine

Tomas Jelinek, Mirjam Schunk, Emil C. Reisinger, Marylyn M. Addo, Ursula Wiedermann, Marco Costantini, Maria Lattanzi, Michele Pellegrini, Ilaria Galgani, on behalf of the Rabies-018 V49_23E1 study group

Comparative and systems analyses of Leishmania spp. non-coding RNAs through developmental stages

J. Eduardo Martinez-Hernandez, Victor Aliaga-Tobar, Carolina González-Rosales, Rubens Monte-Neto, Alberto J. M. Martin, Vinicius Maracaja-Coutinho

Calcium-dependent protein kinases 2A involved in the growth of both asexual and sexual stages of Cryptosporidium parvum

Fanfan Shu, Yujin Huang, Fuxian Yang, Yaqiong Guo, Rui Xu, Lihua Xiao, Yaoyu Feng, Na Li

Investigating post-COVID-19 confidence in emergency use authorization vaccines: A hypothetical case of mpox

Li Ping Wong, Haridah Alias, Hai Yen Lee, Qinjian Zhao, Zhiwen Huang, Zhijian Hu, Yulan Lin

Estimated incidence and clinical presentation of Noma in Northern Nigeria (1999–2024)

Ramat Oyebunmi Braimah, John Adeoye, Abdurrazaq Olanrewaju Taiwo, Seidu Bello, Mujtaba Bala, Azeez Butali, Bruno Oludare Ile-Ogedengbe, Abubakar Abdullahi Bello

Cognitive impairment in Chagas disease patients in Brazil, 2007–2021: A cross-sectional study

Carla J. Serrano, Maria E. Lisbôa-Marques, Thiago Cerqueira-Silva, Leila S. B. Santos, Murilo A. Oliveira, Iuri Ferreira Felix, Paulo R.S.P. de Sousa, Leonardo G.M. Cardoso, Pedro J.R. Muiños, Renata M. Maia, Marília B. Catto, Eric Aguiar Wittlich, Lucy Rodrigues-Ribeiro, Victor L.P.P. Botelho, Maria Carmo P. Nunes, Antonio Luiz P. Ribeiro, Lucas C. Barbosa e Silva, Roque Aras, Karen L. Furie, Jamary Oliveira Filho

Transitory impact of subclinical Shigella infections on biomarkers of environmental enteropathy in children under 2 years

Haley A. Liakakos, James A. Platts-Mills, Maria Garcia Quesada, Jie Liu, Eric R. Houpt, Elizabeth T. Rogawski McQuade

Structural insights into sigma class glutathione transferase from Taenia solium: Analysis and functional implications

Ricardo Miranda-Blancas, Ponciano García-Gutiérrez, Cesar Sánchez-Juárez, María C. Cardona-Echavarría, Roberto Flores-López, Rafael A. Zubillaga, Oscar Rodríguez-Lima, Lluvia de C. Sánchez-Pérez, Enrique Rudiño-Piñera, Abraham Landa

Unravelling genetic differentiation between Glossina brevipalpis populations from two distant National Parks in Mozambique

Denise R. A. Brito, Adeline Ségard, Fernando C. Mulandane, Nióbio V. Cossa, Hermógenes N. Mucache, Sophie Ravel, Thierry De Meeûs, Luis Neves

Repeat Ascaris challenge reduces worm intensity through gastric cellular reprograming

Yifan Wu, Charlie Suarez-Reyes, Nina L. Tang, Alexander R. Kneubehl, Jill E. Weatherhead

Wb5, a novel biomarker for monitoring efficacy and success of mass drug administration programs for Wuchereria bancrofti elimination

Rachel E. Pietrow, Catherine Bjerum, Benjamin G. Koudou, Taniawati Supali, Philip J. Budge, Peter U. Fischer, Thomas B. Nutman, Sasisekhar Bennuru

Tailoring dengue health communication: Survey-based strategies to reduce message fatigue across risk areas

Chia-Hsien Lin, Yen-Jung Chang, Hung-Yi Lu

Profiling of human IL-22+ T cell clones from patients affected with Schistosoma mansoni: Insights into macrophage regulation and liver fibrosis

Fernanda Scopelliti, Caterina Cattani, Roberto Gimmelli, Valentina Dimartino, Cristiana Lalli, Giuliana Papoff, Christian Napoli, Giovina Ruberti, Andrea Cavani

Probing orthobunyavirus reassortment using Bunyamwera and Batai viruses as models

James M. Bowen, Krista Gunter, Andrew M. Lunel, Dorcus C. A. Omoga, Jennifer E. Jones, Henry Giesel, W. Paul Duprex, Natasha L. Tilston

The prevalence and associated risk factors of post-transplant Toxoplasma gondii infection among kidney transplant recipients and patients with uremia in Central-southern China

Xingxing Zheng, Junhui Li, Zhuolin Li, Xianshu Liu, Yufei Zhang, Jiang Zhu, Yu Zhang, Jie Jiang, Bo Li, Meng Xia, Yingzi Ming, Xiang Wu

Exposed nucleoprotein inside rabies virus particle as an ideal target for real-time quantitative evaluation of rabies virus particle integrity in vaccine quality control

Jia Li, Yuhang Yang, Kuangrou Jia, Zhigao Zhang, Xiangmin Zhai, Yue Cao, Xinbiao Huang, Shouchun Cao, Yingsong Wu, Guanfeng Lin

Bimodal distributions of anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibody levels in blood donors are associated with parasite detection and antibody waning in peripheral blood

Mirta C. Remesar, Ester C. Sabino, Lewis F. Buss, Claudio D. Merlo, Mónica G. López, Sebastián L. Humeres, Héctor A. Pavón, Clara Di Germanio, Sonia Bakkour Coco, Léa C. Oliveira-da Silva, Marcelo Martins Pinto Filho, Antonio L. Ribeiro, Michael P. Busch, Ana E. del Pozo

School-aged Schistosoma mansoni infection levels after long-term programmatic control show failure to meet control programme targets and evidence of a persistent hotspot: evaluation of the FibroScHot trial baseline data

Fred Besigye, Candia Rowel, Moses Adriko, Fredrick J. Muyodi, John Joseph Kisakye, Rosemary Nalwanga, Birgitte J. Vennervald, Fred Nuwaha, Edridah M. Tukahebwa, Shona Wilson

TLR4 competence and mouse models of sublethal leptospirosis

Olifan Zewdie Abil, Suman Kundu, Leonardo Moura Midon, Maria Gomes-Solecki